Part 19 (2/2)
CLassIFICATION OF DICOTYLEDONS (_Continued_)
DIVISION II--_Sympetalae_
The _Syuished fro the petals more or less united, so that the corolla is to some extent tubular In the last order of the _Choripetalae_ we found a few exa is true, and these form a transition from the _Choripetalae_ to the _Syreat divisions, _Isocarpae_ and _Anisocarpae_ In the first the carpels are of the same number as the petals and sepals; in the second fewer In both cases the carpels are cole, compound pistil In the _Isocarpae_ there are usually twice as many stamens as petals, occasionally the same number
There are three orders of the _Isocarpae_, viz, _Bicornes_, _Prie order with six fa many very beautiful plants, and a few of some economic value Of the six families, all but one (_Epacrideae_) are represented in the United States Of these the _Pyrolaceae_ includes the pretty little pyrolas and prince's-pine (_Chi 116, _J_); the _Monotropeae_ has as its commonest examples, the curious Indian-pipe (_Monotropa uniflora_), and pine-sap (_M hypopitys_) (Fig 116, _L_) These grow on decaying vegetable matter, and are quite devoid of chlorophyll, the forhout (hence a popular nanificent rhododendrons and azaleas (Fig 116, _F_), and theto the _Rhodoraceae_ The heath family (_Ericaceae_), besides the true heaths (_Erica_, _Calluna_), includes the pretty trailing-arbutus or116, _E_), wintergreen (_Gaultheria_), etc The last family is represented by the cranberry (_Vaccinium_) and huckleberry (_Gaylussacia_)
[Illustration: FIG 116--Types of _Isocarpous sympetalae_ (_Bicornes_) _A_, flowers, fruit, and leaves of huckleberry, _Gaylussacia_ (_Vaccinieae_), 1 _B_, vertical section of the flower, 3 _C_, a stamen: i, from in front; ii, fro fruit, 2 _E_, flower of sorrel-tree, _Oxydendrum_ (_Ericaceae_), 2 _F_, flower of azalea (_Rhododendron_),_G_, cross-section of the ovary, 3 _H_, diagram of the flower
_I_, flower of mountain laurel (_Kalmia_), 1 _J_, prince's-pine, _Chile flower, 1 _L_, plant of pine-sap, _Monotropa_, (_Monotropeae_),_M_, section of a flower, 1]
The second order, the primroses (_Primulinae_), is principally represented in the cooler parts of the world by the true primrose family (_Primulaceae_), of which several faenus _Primula_ includes the European primrose and cowslip, as well as two or three small American species, and the coenera are _Dodecatheon_, of which the beautiful shooting-star (_D Meadia_) (Fig 117, _A_) is the best known So like this is _Cyclamen_, sometimes cultivated as a house plant The117, _D_), as well as other species, also belongs here
[Illustration: FIG 117--_Isocarpous sy-star, _Dodecatheon_ (_Priram of the flower _D_, Moneywort, _Lysimachia_ (_Primulaceae_),_E_, a perfect flower of the persimmon, _Diospyros_ (_Ebenaceae_), 1 _F_, the saitudinal section of a ripe seed, 1 _em_ the embryo _I_, fruit, ]
The sea-roseo are the only ineae_) likely to befamilies of the _Primulinae_ are not represented by any common plants
The third and last order of the _Isocarpous syle common representative in the United States; viz, the persis to the fas the ebony a enus as the persimmon, and found in Africa and Asia
The second division of the _Sympetalae_ (the _Anisocarpae_) has usually but two or three carpels, never as many as the petals The stamens are also never more than five, and very often one or more are abortive
[Illustration: FIG 118--Types of _Anisocarpous sympetalae_ (_Tubiflorae_) _A_, flower and leaves of wild phlox (_Polemoniaceae_),_B_, section of a flower, 1 _C_, fruit, 1 _D_, flower of blue valerian (_Polemonium_), 1 _E_, flowers and leaf of water-leaf, _Hydrophyllum_ (_Hydrophyllaceae_),_F_, section of a flower, 1 _G_, flower of wild lory, _Convolvulus_ (_Convolvulaceae_),One of the bracts surrounding the calyx and part of the corolla are cut away _H_, diagralory, fro only the inner membranous partitions, 1 _J_, a seed, 1
_K_, cross-section of a nearly ripe seed, showing the crumpled embryo, 2 _L_, an embryo removed from a nearly ripe seed, and spread out; one of the cotyledons has been partially removed, 1]
The first order (_Tubiflorae_) has, as the name indicates, tubular flohich show usually perfect, radial symmetry (_Actinomorphism_)
There are five families, all represented by familiar plants The first (_Convolvulaceae_) has as its type the118, _G_), and the nearly related _Ipoardens The curious dodder (_Cuscuta_), whose leafless, yellow ste over various plants, is a h parasitic habits The sweet potato (_Batatas_) is also a lory family
The nu 118, _A_), and the blue valerian (_Pole 118, _D_), are examples of the family _Polemoniaceae_
[Illustration: FIG 119--_Anisocarpous syue, _Cynoglossuineae_),
_B_, section of a flower, 2 _C_, nearly ripe fruit, 1 _D_, flowering branch of nightshade, _Solanule flower, 1 _F_, section of the flower, 2 _G_, young fruit, 1 _H_, flower of _Petunia_ (_Solaneae_),_I_, diagram of the flower]
The third family (_Hydrophyllaceae_) includes several species of water-leaf (_Hydrophyllu our wild flowers, and species of _Nemophila_, _Whitlavia_ and others froardens
The Borage faet-_ the orange-flowered puccoons (_Lithospermum_); but it also e which are the hound's-tongue (_Cynoglossuar's-ticks” (_Echinosper 119, _C_) becohtest provocation, and adhere to whatever they touch with great tenacity
The flowers in this faed in one-sided inflorescences which are coiled up at first and straighten as the flowers expand
The last fa 119, _D_), to which genus the potato (_S tuberosu Many of the fahtshade (_Atropa_), tobacco (_Nicotiana_), stramonium (_Datura_), and others Of the cultivated plants, besides those already mentioned, the to 119, _H_), _Solanum_, and _Datura_ are the commonest
The second order of the _Anisocarpae_ consists of plants whose flowers usually exhibit very o 120), the name of the order (_labiatiflorae_) is derived
Of the nine fa the order, all but one are represented within our li to two faworts (_Scrophularineae_)
The nizable on account of their square stely bilabiate flowers, and the ovary splitting into four seed-like fruits (Fig 120, _D_, _F_)