Part 14 (2/2)

=Nisibin=, Asiatic Turkey. 37N. 41E. Captured by Parthians, 149 B.C.; by Lucullus, 68 B.C.; by Trajan, 116; by Lucius Verus, 165; given to Persians by Jovian, 363.

=Oki s.h.i.+ma=, j.a.pan. 36N. 133E. An island off the west coast of Houdo, fully described by Lafcadio Hearn in 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar j.a.pan.'

=Omsk=, Asiatic Russia. 55N. 74E. Capital of Akmolinsk. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia.')

=Ophir, Mount=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 103E. Gold-producing mountain often identified with the Ophir of the Bible. (See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes.')

=Opon=, Philippine Islands. 11N. 124E. Magellan killed here by natives, 1521.

=Ormuz=, Persia. 27N. 56E. Visited by Nearchus, 325 B.C. Captured by Albuquerque, 1507, 1514; by Shah Abbas and British, 1622. (See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' 'Travels of Marco Polo,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages.')

=Osaka=, j.a.pan. 35N. 136E. F. by Rennio Shonin, 1495; captured by Hideyos.h.i.+, 1580; castle secured by Iyeyasu, 1615; burnt by Tokugawa retainers, 1868. (See Lafcadio Hearn's 'Out of the East,' Diosy's 'New Far East,' Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea.')

=Padang=, Sumatra. 1S. 100E. First Dutch settlement in Sumatra, 1666; captured by British, 1781; surrendered to Dutch, 1783; recaptured, 1794; yielded to Dutch, 1814.

=Padmanabham=, Madras. 18N. 83E. British defeated and killed Rajah of Vizianagram, 1794.

=Pakpatan= ('the holy ferry'), Punjab. 30N. 73E. Contains tomb of saint Farid-ul-Hakkwa-ud-din. Visited by Ibn Batuta; in subjection to Tamerlane, 1398.

=Palakkat=, Madras. 11N. 77E. Fort f. by Hyder Ali taken by British, 1768.

=Palembang=, Sumatra. 3S. 105E. Visited by Marco Polo, and contains an alleged tomb of Alexander the Great. Taken by British, 1812; by Dutch, 1821.

=Palmyra= ('city of palms'), Syria. 34N. 39E. Supposed to have been f. by Solomon; rebuilt by Hadrian, 130; Queen Zen.o.bia conquered by Aurelian, 273; city taken by Arabs, 634; pillaged by Tamerlane, 1401. (See Burton's 'Wanderings in Three Continents,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte.')

=Pandavgarh=, Bombay. 18N. 74E. Seized by Sivaji, 1673; by Aurungzebe, 1701; by British, 1818.

=Pandharpur=, Bombay. 18N. 75E. Contains famous temple of Vishnu incarnation.

=Pandua=, Bengal. 25N. 88E. Bp. of poet Bharat Chandra Rai. Contains tombs of Jalal-ud-din Tabrizi and of Mir Kutb Alam.

=Panipat=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. Afghans under Ibrahim Lodi defeated by Mogols under Baber, 1526; Afghans under Hermu defeated by Akbar, 1556; Ahmed Shah conquered Mahrattas, 1761.

=Panjim=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. (See Sir Richard Burton's 'Goa and the Blue Mountains.')

=Paphos=, Cyprus. 35N. 32E. Scene of conversion of Sergius Paulus by Saint Paul. Famous for wors.h.i.+p of Aphrodite and scene of story of Pygmalion.

=Pasargada=, Persia. 30N. 53E. Ancient capital of Persia; said to have been f. by Cyrus, c. 555 B.C. Alleged tomb of Cyrus in vicinity.

=Patan=, Baroda. 24N. 72E. F. by Vanarajah, c. 746. Conquered by Mahmoud of Ghazni, 1024; by Ulugh Khan, 1298. Contains many Jain temples and has fine collection of Jain MSS.

=Patna=, Bengal. 26N. 85E. Buddha said to have a.s.sisted in foundation of city; mentioned by Strabo, Pliny, and Arrian; contains shrine of Shah Arzani. Entered by Clive, 1759; captured by Major Adam, 1761; ma.s.sacre of British, 1763; conspiracy of Sepoys, 1857; of Wahabis, 1864.

=Pegu=, Burma. 18N. 96E. Destroyed by Alompra, 1757; occupied by British, 1852.

=Peking= ('the northern capital'), China. 40N. 116E. Seized by Ghengis Khan, 1215; res. of Kubla Khan, 1264; occupied by British and French, 1860; by British and Americans in Boxer rising, 1900. (See Little's 'Far East.')

=Penukonda=, Madras. 14N. 78E. Res. of Krishna Deva. Seized by Hyder Ali, 1762.

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