Part 14 (1/2)

=Najibabad=, United Provs. 30N. 78E. F. by Najib-ud-dowlah, 1755.

Destroyed by Mahrattas, 1772.

=Nakhitchevan=, Asiatic Russia. 40N. 45E. Said to be oldest city in world, f. by Noah. Taken by Seljuk Sultan, 1064; ceded to Russia by Persia, 1828.

=Nandidrug=, Madras. 13N. 78E. Captured by Lord Cornwallis, 1791.

=Nan-king= ('southern capital'), China. 32N. 119E. Treaty which ended Opium War signed, 1842; city taken by Taipings, 1853; by Imperialists, 1864. (See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' Little's 'Far East.')

=Nannur=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. Bp. of Chandidas, the poet.

=Narnaul=, Punjab. 28N. 76E. Said to have been f. by Rajah Launkarn, and to be bp. of Sher Shah.

=Nasik=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. Noted for Lena caves with Buddhistic sculptures. Here, according to the 'Ramayana,' Ravana carried away Siva, Rama's wife.

=Nazareth=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Res. of the Virgin Mary and of Christ; Church of Annunciation f., c. 1620. Town captured by Moslems, 1291; Junot vanquished combined army of Turks and Arabs, 1799. (See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Thomson's 'Land and the Book.')

=Negapatam=, Madras. 11N. 80E. Conquered by Dutch, 1660; by British, 1781.

(See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes.')

=Nehavend=, Persia. 34N. 48E. Great victory of Saracens which brought Persia under their sway, 641.

=Nellore=, Madras. 14N. 80E. Ancient fort of Sinhapur, 'the lion city;'

repulsed British, 1757.

=Nertchinsk=, Siberia. 52N. 117E. Treaty signed between Russians and Chinese, 1689. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia.')

=Nicaea= ('city of victory'), Asia Minor. 40N. 30E. F. by Antigonus, c. 316 B.C. Taken by Seljuks, 1078; by Crusaders, 1097; by the Osmanlis, 1326.

Bp. of historian Dion Ca.s.sius and astronomer Hipparchus. Council met, 325.

=Nicomedia=, Asiatic Turkey. 41N. 30E. F. by Nicomedes I., 264 B.C.; contains ruins of which Pliny the Younger boasted. Bp. of Arrian; res.

of Diocletian, and of Constantine who died here; scene of Hannibal's suicide.

=Nicosia=, Cyprus. 35N. 33E. Capital of Cyprus since time of Lusignan kings. Taken by Richard Coeur de Lion, 1191; besieged by Turks, 1570.

=Nikaria=, Asiatic Turkey. 38N. 26E. Island near which it is fabled Icarus met his death.

=Nikko= ('sun's brightness'), j.a.pan. 37N. 140E. Contains tomb of Iyeyasu, 1617; and that of his grandson, Iyemitsu, slain while visiting tomb of Iyeyasu, 1650. (See Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea.')

=Nineveh=, Asiatic Turkey. 36N. 43E. Said to have been f. c. 2680 B.C.; enlarged by Ninus, 1968 B.C. Conquered by Arbaces, 759 B.C.; by Nabopola.s.sar, 625 B.C.; destroyed by Medes and Babylonians, c. 607 B.C.

Excavations by Botta, 1842; Layard, 1845; also by Hormuzd Ra.s.sam and George Smith. Tobit said to have died here. (See 'Apocrypha.')

=Ning-po= ('calm waves'), China. 30N. 121E. Occupied by Portuguese, 1522; Portuguese ma.s.sacred, 1545; taken by British, 1842. (See 'Travels of Marco Polo.')

=Nishapur=, Persia. 36N. 59E. Famous as bp. of Omar Khayyam, whose tomb is also here. Res. of Nidhami-i-Arudi.

=Nisib=, Asiatic Turkey. 37N. 38E. Turks defeated by Egyptians under Ibrahim Pasha, 1839.