Part 16 (2/2)

_Participles Participial adjectives_

See the sun _setting_ See the _setting_ sun

See the _ _ wind

The twig is _broken_ The _broken_ twig fell

The vessel _anchored_ in the The _anchored_ vessel spreads bay, lost her mast her sail

The _present_ or _i_; as, float_ing_, rid_ing_, hear_ing_, see_ing_ These are derived from the verbs, _float, ride, hear_, and _see_ But so, , uncontrolling_ When you parse a word ending in _ing_, you should always consider whether it comes from a verb or not There is such a verb as _interest_, hence you know that the word _interesting_ is a participle; but there is no such verb as _un_interest, consequently, _un_interesting can _not_ be a participle: but it is an adjective; as, an _uninteresting_ story You will be able very easily to distinguish the participle from the other parts of speech, when you shall have acquired a e of the verb

Speak the participles from each of these verbs, learn, walk, shun, se, reduce, relate, discover, overrate, disengage Thus, Pres _learning_, Perf _learned_, Co_, Perf _walked_, Co walked_, and so on

Youa participle, and then proceed with me

SYSTEMATIC ORDER OF PARSING

The _order of parsing_ a PARTICIPLE, is--a participle, and why?--from what verb is it derived?--speak the three--present, perfect, or co?--RULE

”I saw a vessel _sailing”_

_Sailing_ is a participle, a word derived from a verb, and partakes of the nature of a verb, and also of an adjective--it co, perf sailed, co sailed--it is a present or imperfect participle, because it denotes the continuance of an unfinished action--and refers to the noun ”vessel” for its subject, according to

RULE 27 _The present participle refers to so the subject or actor_

”Not a breath disturbs the _sleeping_ billow”

_Sleeping_ is a participial adjective, a word added to a noun to express its quality--it cannot, with propriety, be coreeably to

RULE 18 _Adjectives belong to, and qualify, nouns expressed or understood_

You will please to parse these tords several times over, and, by a little reflection, you will perfectly understand the 27th RULE

Recollect, the participle never varies its terree_ with a noun or pronoun, for, as it has no _noreement; but it si; or, I see three _vessels_ sailing You perceive that the participle _sailing_ refers to a singular noun in the first example, and to a plural noun in the second; and yet the participle is in the same form in both exaoverned by the transitive verb _see_ But when a verb follows a noun, the ending of the verb generally varies in order to agree with the noun which is its nominative; as, the vessel _sails;_ the vessels _sail_

In this place it may not be improper to notice another Rule that relates to the participle In the sentence, ”The _ his horse,”

the noun _horse_ is in the objective case, because it is the object of the action expressed by the active-transitive participle ”beating,” and it is governed by the participle beating, according to

RULE 26 _Participles have the saovernment as the verbs have from which they are derived_

The principle upon which this rule is founded, is quite apparent As a participle derived from a transitive verb, expresses the same kind of action as its verb, it necessarily follows, that the participle overn the same case as the verb from which it is derived

When you shall have studied this lecture attentively, youfive parts of speech If, in analyzing these examples, you find any words which you cannot parse correctly and _syste to your Compend for definitions and rules, you will please to turn back and read over again the whole _five_ lectures You ement, permit h knowledge of these five parts of speech, only _five_ more will reh in your investigations Give your reasoning powers free scope By studying these lectures with attention, you will acquire e in _three_ months, than is commonly obtained in _two_ years