Part 12 (2/2)

17 Bring me a new and old chair

18 That is a sort of a peculiar idea

19 He was operated upon for the appendicitis

20 Lock the cat and dog up

48 No adverb necessary to the sense should be omitted from the sentence Such improper omission is frequently made when _very_ or _too_ are used with past participles that are not also recognized as adjectives; as,

Poor: I aht to notice the ht: I aht to notice thethe following adjectives and adverbs

Be sure that they are used correctly_

Both, each, every, only, evidently, hard, latest, awful, terribly, charht, extreer, oldest, one, none, hardly, scarcely, only, but, finally, almost, ever, never, nely, very

CHAPTER V

VERBS

49 A VERB has already been defined as a word stating soed to indicate the time of the action as past, present, or future; as, _I talk, I talked, I shall talk_, etc Verbs also vary to indicate completed or incompleted action; as, _I have talked, I shall have talked_, etc To these variations, which indicate the tiiven

The full verbal statement may consist of several words; as, _He MAY HAVE GONE hoone_ The last word of such a verb phrase is called the PRINcipaL VERB, and the other words the AUXILIARIES In the sentence above, _go (gone)_ is the principal verb, and _ the full form of the verb or verb phrase there are three distinct parts from which all other forms are made These are called the PRINcipaL PARTS

The First Principal Part, since it is the part by which the verb is referred to as a word,are name-forms: _do, see, come, walk, pass_

The Second Principal Part is called the PAST TENSE It is for _ed_ to the name-form; as, _walked, pushed, passed_

These verbs that add _ed_ are called Regular Verbs The verb fored; as, _done (do), saw (see), caular Verbs

The Third Principal Part is called the PAST PARTICIPLE It is usedcoular verbs the past participle is the saular verbs it may differ entirely from both the name-form and the past tense, or it may resemble one or both of them Examples: _done (do, did), seen (see, saw), come (come, came), set (set, set)_

51 THE NAME-FORM, when unaccompanied by auxiliaries, is used with all subjects, except those in the third person singular, to assert action in the present tio, We come, You see, Horses run_

The naht, can, must, will, should, shall_, etc) to assert futurity, detero, We shall co it with the word _to_, the name-form is used to foro, I hope to see_

What may be called the S-FORM of the verb, or the SINGULAR for _s_ or _es_ to the naular subjects in the third person; as, _He goes, She co trots_

The s-forular of the present tense In other tenses, if present at all, the s-form is in the auxiliary, where the present tense of the auxiliary is used to form some other tense of the principal verb Exaone_ (perfect tense), _He has been seen_

Some verbs have no s-forular s-forms: _Is_, in the present tense, and _was_ in the past tense The s-form of _have_ is _has_

52 The past tense always stands alone in the predicate; i e, IT SHOULD NEVER BE USED WITH ANY AUXILIARIES To use it so, however, is one of theare past tense forms: _went, saore, tore_ To say, therefore, _I have saw, I have went, It was tore, They ore_, would be grossly incorrect

53 The third principal part, the past participle, on the other hand, CAN NEVER BE USED AS A PREDICATE VERB WITHOUT AN AUXILIARY

The following are distinctly past participle for_, etc One could not then properly say, _I seen, I done, I sung_, etc

The distinction as to use with and without auxiliaries applies, of course, only to irregular verbs In regular verbs, the past tense and past participle are always the same, and so no error could result from their confusion