Chapter 218 (2/2)
In the afternoon, there are two enterprises to do new product recommendation activities. The first baozixuan didn't expect. It's Carl Zeiss, but Carl Zeiss Co., Ltd. in West Germany. They actually launched their own digital cameras, which surprised many people.
Carl Zeiss Co., Ltd. can say that it is bound to win this time. They know that there are many enterprises entering digital cameras. However, as the most powerful optical giant in the world, they just asked Kodak to agree to cooperate in the research and development of digital cameras. It is in this way that we can bypass the patent barrier of black cloud, which makes Kodak look for black cloud to purchase authorization when it wants to enter the field of digital cameras in the future.
Carl Zeiss is worthy of being an old camera enterprise. It produced 8 million pixels of digital products for the first time. This is a height that no enterprise in the world can reach. When you see here, baozixuan knows. Black cloud has more and more competitors, and it is also more and more powerful.
If you want to develop rapidly in the future, you should continue to launch new products and be more willing to invest in scientific research. Carl Zeiss's digital camera is more expensive than similar products of heiyun, but a hundred years of brand precipitation, many people will pay for this price difference.
Carl Zeiss's digital camera is priced at $3188, which is an 8 megapixel digital camera. Cost performance can be said to have been very high, but baozixuan knows that the other party's strength has not been fully brought into play. With Carl Zeiss's technical reserves, their laboratory definitely has better things, perhaps because of the cost problem, there is no face market.
Carl Zeiss's digital camera will certainly steal some customers of black cloud, but it will not affect the overall situation. However, everyone has to pay attention to the next enterprise to appear.
No enterprise in the world can account for their market share in the industry. If it were not for the antitrust investigation in the United States, it is estimated that they could fly now.
Baozixuan also watched what happened on the stage for the first time. He wanted to get first-hand information. This opponent is so powerful that he has no friends.
The history of IBM can be traced back to decades before the development of electronic computers. Before the development of electronic computers, it operated perforated card data processing equipment. IBM was registered as CTR on June 15, 1911 in ndicott, New York, a few miles west of Binghamton. Three independent companies merged to establish CTR company: List machine company (founded in Washington in 1896), calculation table company (founded in Dayton, Ohio in 1901) and international time record company (founded in ndicott, New York in 1900). At that time, the president and founder of the list machine company was Herman Hollerith. The key figure behind the merger was financier Charles flint, who convened the founders of the three companies to propose a merger and worked in CTR until he retired in 1930.
Thomas J. Watson is the founder of IBM. He served as general manager of CTR in 1914 and president in 1915. In 1917, CTR entered the Canadian market as international business machine Co., Ltd. and was renamed International Business Machine Corporation (IBM) on February 14, 1924.
The company merged into CTR to manufacture various products, including employee timing system, scale and automatic meat cutting machine. The most important thing is to develop computers and punch card equipment. For a period of time, CTR focused on punch cards and did not participate in other activities.
IBM invested a huge sum of US $1 million to build the first enterprise laboratory in 1932. The research and development of this laboratory throughout the 1930s made IBM take the lead in technical products. Throughout the great depression, IBM has been investing in R & D and new products. Its products are better, faster and more reliable than all other companies. Therefore, it won the contract to exclusively represent Roosevelt's new deal accounting project. In 1935, IBM's card counting machine products had occupied 85.7% of the U.S. market. IBM accumulated strong financial resources and strong sales and service capabilities due to the large sales of card machines, which laid an important foundation for becoming the master of the computer field in the future.
IBM and China have a long history. As early as 1934, IBM installed the first commercial processor for Peking Union Medical College Hospital. In 1936, IBM's first office in the Far East was set up in Shanghai, which laid the foundation for its layout and development in China and even the whole East Asia. In 1937, China's first overseas telephone was dialed from IBM's Shanghai office, which opened up a new way for China to connect with the world.
In the 1960s, IBM was the largest of the eight major computer companies (UNIVAC, urban life, scientific data system, control data company, general electric company, American radio company and Honeywell). People talk about it and say ”IBM and the seven stars” because other companies or their computer departments are small. There are only urban life, UNIVAC, NCR and Honeywell production hosts, and then someone said ”IBM and b.u.n.c.h.” now most of IBM's competitors no longer exist, except UNIVAC systems, because of many mergers, including UNIVAC and urban life. NCR and Honeywell gave up the general mainframe, small departments and focused on the profitable product market. NCR did the cash register (so the name is the national cash register), and Honeywell became the leader of the constant temperature market. Ge remains the world's largest company, but it no longer operates in the computer market. At that time, IBM computer series won a position in the market and is still growing. Originally called IBM System / 360, the more modern 64 bit form is now called IBM resident system (commonly referred to as ”IBM host”).
With the emergence of semiconductor integrated circuits, IBM actively invested in the production of the third generation integrated circuit computers. In 1964, IBM launched the epoch-making system / 360 mainframe computer, thus announcing the advent of the mainframe era. The advent of system / 360 represents that computers in the world have a common language. They all share the operating system code named OS / 360 (rather than the OS customized for each product). Since then, almost all computer research and development in the world have been based on IBM 360 series system, which has become an important trend all over the world.
IBM's success in the mid-1960s led the U.S. Department of justice to investigate IBM's antitrust violations, January 17, 1969. The complaint was filed by IBM in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The lawsuit claimed that IBM violated the monopoly of Article 2 of the Sherman law or attempted to monopolize the market of general-purpose digital electronic computer systems, especially commercially designed computers. The lawsuit lasted until 1983 and had a significant impact on the company's practices.
In 1975, the number of computers produced by IBM was four times that of all other computer manufacturers in the world. It became a joint enterprise integrating scientific research, production, sales, technical services and education and training.
In the 1960s and 1970s, IBM promoted the rapid development of computer industry, which played a key role in promoting the development of all aspects of the whole society. For example, it assisted NASA in establishing the Apollo 11 database and completing the astronauts' landing on the moon; Establish inter-bank transaction system; Set up the largest online ticketing system in the aviation industry.