Part 31 (1/2)

[617] See above, p. 183.

[618] See above, p. 231.

[619] Marie Trevelyan, _Folk-lore and Folk-stories of Wales_ (London, 1909), pp. 254 _sq._

[620] (General) Charles Vallancey, _Collectanea de Rebus Hibernicis_, iii. (Dublin, 1786), pp. 459-461.

[621] Miss A. Watson, quoted by A.C. Haddon, ”A Batch of Irish Folk-lore,” _Folk-lore_, iv. (1893) pp. 361 _sq._

[622] Leland L. Duncan, ”Further Notes from County Leitrim,”

_Folk-lore_, v. (1894) pp. 195-197.

[623] H.J. Byrne, ”All Hallows Eve and other Festivals in Connaught,”

_Folk-lore_, xviii. (1907) pp. 437 _sq._

[624] Joseph Train, _Historical and Statistical Account of the Isle of Man_ (Douglas, Isle of Man, 1845), ii. 123; (Sir) John Rhys, _Celtic Folk-lore, Welsh and Manx_ (Oxford, 1901), i. 315 _sqq._

[625] (Sir) John Rhys, _Celtic Folk-lore, Welsh and Manx_ (Oxford, 1901), i. 318-321.

[626] John Harland and T.T. Wilkinson, _Lancas.h.i.+re Folk-lore_ (Manchester and London, 1882), pp. 3 _sq_.

[627] J. Harland and T.T. Wilkinson, _op. cit_. p. 140.

[628] Annie Milner, in William Hone's _Year Book_ (London, preface dated January, 1832), coll. 1276-1279 (letter dated June, 1831); R.T. Hampson, _Medii Aevi Kalendarium_ (London, 1841), i. 365; T.F. Thiselton Dyer, _British Popular Customs_ (London, 1876), p. 395.

[629] _County Folk-lore_ vol. iv. _Northumberland_, collected by M.C.

Balfour (London, 1904), p. 78. Compare W. Henderson, _Notes on the Folk-lore of the Northern Counties of England_ (London, 1879), pp. 96 _sq_.

[630] Baron Dupin, in _Memoires publiees par la Societe Royale des Antiquaires de France_, iv. (1823) p. 108.

[631] The evidence for the solar origin of Christmas is given in _Adonis, Attis, Osiris_, Second Edition, pp. 254-256.

[632] For the various names (Yu-batch, Yu-block, Yule-log, etc.) see Francis Grose, _Provincial Glossary_, New Edition (London, 1811), p.

141; Joseph Wright, _The English Dialect Dictionary_ (London, 1898-1905), vi. 593, _s.v._ ”Yule.”

[633] ”I am pretty confident that the Yule block will be found, in its first use, to have been only a counterpart of the Midsummer fires, made within doors because of the cold weather at this winter solstice, as those in the hot season, at the summer one, are kindled in the open air.” (John Brand, _Popular Antiquities of Great Britain_, London, 1882-1883, i. 471). His opinion is approved by W. Mannhardt _(Der Baumkultus der Germanen und ihrer Nachbarstamme_, p. 236).

[634] ”_Et arborem in nativitate domini ad festivum ignem suum adducendam esse dicebat_” (quoted by Jacob Grimm, _Deutsche Mythologie_, i. 522).

[635] Monta.n.u.s, _Die deutschen Volksfeste, Volksbrauche und deutscher Volksglaube_ (Iserlohn, N.D.), p. 12. The Sieg and Lahn are two rivers of Central Germany, between Siegen and Marburg.

[636] J.H. Schmitz, _Sitten und Sagen, Lieder, Spruchworter und Rathsel des Eifler Volkes_ (Treves, 1856-1858), i. 4.

[637] Adalbert Kuhn, _Sagen, Gebrauche und Marchen aus Westfalen_ (Leipsic, 1859), ii. -- 319, pp. 103 _sq_.

[638] A. Kuhn, _op. cit._ ii. -- 523, p. 187.

[639] August Witzschel, _Sagen, Sitten und Gebrauche aus Thuringen_ (Vienna, 1878), p. 172.

[640] K. Hoffmann-Krayer, _Feste und Brauche des Schweizervolkes_ (Zurich, 1913), pp. 108 _sq._