Part 14 (1/2)

All this means greater and greater emphasis on design, Rigorous review of production systems even before hardware Is procured, severe control of standards and specifications of Inputs to production, continuous monitoring and testing of processes, and various tests and checks on products. Thus the modern demands on technical consultancy, testing, calibration, and certification of processes as well as various management consultancies required ti handle these complexities, are ever on the increase.

Skills demanded for such tasks range from technical knowledge to data entry to meticulous a.n.a.lysis of data, to having good managerial systems. India has a whole set of capabilities in all these areas thanks to its human resources base. This whole area of services can emerge as a major source of employment and wealth generation. Indians not only to the Indian industry but can become a can offer such services global platform for providing services in various aspects of testing, calibration and technical consultancy. In order to realize this natural potential, we need to provide allround avenues for our people to upgrade their knowledge base and skills. Information technology provides just one element in the whole chain of sills and infrastructures requirements.

Some of there projects can be seen in tables 8.3 and 8.4 160.

TABLE 8.3.

Consultancy: Technical and management Strategies and Priorities for the Future _______________________________________________________.

Serial scenario Likely Timeframe No (in years) 1 with the increasing level of specialized Knowledge, organizations will seek 510.

More and more a.s.sistance from external Sources (technical consultants) rather than Depending only on 'inhouse' capabilities, Retraining, redevelopment, reengineering

2.

Technical consultancy functions will Be greatly supported by information's 1015 Collated from specialized database creation And marketing of database as a lucrative Business

3.

The focus will s.h.i.+ft from pedagogy to More specific and specialized training Right from undergraduate levels in Education and in management education 510

4.

The key sectors like infrastructure (power, Ports, water management, telecom, housing Etc.), natural, resources (mining, oil and gas Exploration, water resources, etc.) And services Will record high growth and call for 510 Technical consultancy support Serial Scenario Likely Timeframe No (in years) 5. Technical consultancy will be sought 1015.

For applicationoriented new materials Development suitable for high temperature, Corrosion, erosion and wear resistance 6. Consultancy related to computer technologies 510.

Will be increasingly related to systems integration And applicationspecific package development With the involvement of area experts 7. Safety, health and environment will emerge 510 As important areas for consultancy inputs 161.

8. The technical consultancy sector may be 510 Accorded industry status in view of financial a.s.sistance etc and promoted with adequate Fiscal incentives 9. An efficient and unified coding and 510 Cla.s.sification system will have to be Evolved for an effective a.s.similation of the Vast knowledge base Source: TIFAC Technology Vision 2020: Services TABLE 8.4.

Management Consultancy :.

Strategies and Priories for the Future Serial Activates Likely Timeframe No (in years) 1. Consultancy for retraining, redeployment 510 And business process reengineering Of client organization Services as People's Wealth Serial Activities Likely Timeframe No (in years) _______________________________________________________________________.

2. Consultancy for diversification, joint 510 Ventures and business alliances for client Organizations 3. Consultancy, in mergers and acquisitions, 1015 Divestments, downsizing of client Organizations 4. Consultancy in outsourcing, franchising, 510 Strategic business unit concept for client Client organizations 5. Use of proprietary and public domain 510.

Databases by the consultants 6. Increased application of modeling and 510 Simulation techniques in problem solving By the consultants 7. A s.h.i.+ft from pedagogy to practical problem 510 Solving and experience sharing in 162.

Management education 8. International business, strategic 515 Management technology and R&D Management, quality management, Environmental management will Be future thrust areas in consultancy 9. Training and skills development based on 510 Selftraining system, multimedia devices For client organizations 10. Agribusiness, biotech applications, consumer 510 Products, infrastructure (power, telecom, Roads, transportartion, ports etc), IT strategy Will dominate the consultancy business in Future Source: TIFAC, Technology Vision 2020: Services Testing, certification and calibration services: Strategies and priorities for the future These are very important areas with rapid technological growth.

They are vital in international transactions as well. The Projections are as in table8.5 TABLE 8.5.

Priorities for the future Serial Activities Timeframe No for completion (In years) 1. Accreditation bodies for qualifying various 5 Calibration/testing agencies to conform to International norms themselves 2. Accreditation systems to be initiated for 57 Inspection/certification agencies 3. Financial incentives and infrastructural 58 Support to quality a.s.surance, testing and Certification as an important business ent.i.ty for its fast proliferation across the country 4. Facilitation of technical cooperation 58 And Mouse between India and International accrediting agencies for 163.

Quality business 5. Improved awareness for insurance 810 Companies towards calculation of Premium, etc.based on product quality, Safety norms, preservation needs and Other environmental regulations Serial Activities Timeframe No for completion (In years) 6. Testing and certification for gems and 510 Jeweler for the international market 7. Establishment of voluntary, nonprofit 510.

Organizations for accreditation in various Areas for specialization 8. Privatization and autonomy in maintaining 1520 Calibration facilities, test houses, inspection Agencies and accreditation authorities Governed by the market economy Source: TIFAC, Technology Vision 2020: Services Government administration Traditionally the role of the government administration was confined to certain essential services like defense, law and order, etc. With independence, the Indian government has Launched a process of planned economic and social development towards improvement of living standards. In this process private sector activities in a large number of areas were Regulated, and the government itself became one of the economic agents by establis.h.i.+ng many commercial and industrial enterprises. Such activities widened the scope of government administration for policy formulation, framing of rules and regulations and implementation of policy. The proliferation of government agencies has meant a rising cost of administration. This enormous strain on the system and the change in the global economic environment has led to economic reforms.

The economic policy reforms aimed at redefining the role of government administration through dismantling the regulatory framework in many economic sectors.

The purpose is to integrate the Indian economy with the global economy for efficient use 164.

of available natural and human resources. The Panchayati Raja systems offer a new dimension. The strategies to be adopted are shown in table 8.

TABLE 8.

Strategies and Priorities for the Future Serial Scenario Likely Timeframe No (in years) 1. Government administration to 1015 Undergo a radical change towards service Orientation for 'facilitation', from action As 'administrators' to 'managers' and 'Team players'

2. Instead of exercising controls and curbs, 515 The government will function by regulation And adopt a promotional role 3. There will be a greater transparency in 510 Government functioning 4. The government will need improved 515 Access to information for an effective decision Making process 5. The decision making and planning processes 510 In the government to involve more and More area specialists inducted from major Segments of society like R&D, industry, Consultancy, academia, NGOs, sociologists And others 6. Towards an effective integration of the 510 Indian economy with the global one, the Government has to keep abreast with International developments and reorient its Policies and practices Serial Scenario Likely Timeframe No (in years) 7. In tandem with the developments and 1015.

Demands in the international area, the Government has to forge close and cohesive 165.

Linkages in the decision making process From federal to state and gra.s.sroots level Aspirations 8. International trade practices like IPR, 510 Pesticides residue, product quality, etc. and Other crucial issues like employment of child Labor, violation of human rights, etc. would Have significant influence on government Policies and the planning process 9. Keeping in view the single most important 515 Agenda of the Indian economic reforms and A better quality of life, the government has to Accord top priority to infrastructure (port, Roads, power, telecom, etc.) Development 10. The radical changes in the government 515 Functioning will warrant specialized Training, retraining and skills development Of the personnel employed Source: TIFAC Technology Vision 2020:Services Security services Security services cover national internal security, internal security of commerce and industry and security of the civil sector. Traditionally, national security used intensive manpower rather than technology. But it is currently essential that security services acquire stateoftheart technology and all R&D efforts must be pursued to effect the change. Also technically trained personnel should be recruited in large numbers.

Internal security's main role lies in protecting the people against attacks by terrorists and criminals. The security forces need sophisticated instruments for early detection and neutralization of bombs. Electronics, computers, databases, hectare essential for tracing criminals, the detection of white collar crime, prevention of industrial espionage, etc. To face all these new challenges, security services have to be modernized Through largescale adoption of science and technology.

The implementation in various areas except defense are shown in 166.

Table 8.7 Security Services Serial Area Technological Implications No 1. Border security 1. Sensors of all types: seismic, Thermal, infrared and Electronic are needed 2. Optical equipment for long Range surveillance 3. Satellite surveillance 4. Tamperproof doc.u.mentation, Infrared, ultraviolet and Radiography examination of Pa.s.sports and visas 5. Computerized access control Systems including portable Radio computer terminal 2. Prevention of entry of 1. Metal detectors Harmful substances into 2. Explosive detectors The country 3. Drug detectors 4. Poison, gas, etc. detectors 3. Explosive detection and 1. Explosive detectors Neutralization 2. Explosive neutralization/ Disruption detection equipment 4. Prevention of sabotage 1. Access control systems 2. Detectors of various types 3. Arson control systems 5. Prevention of industrial 1. Data protection equipment Espionage 2. Sophisticated access control systems 3. Behavioral science capabilities to detect 'moles'

and 'unfaithful'

4. Antieavesdropping devices to prevent bugging, telephone tapping, fax interception, etc.

5. Sweeping devices and direction finders 167.