Part 88 (2/2)
”The proper order des of Christian faith before we presume to reason about them”
[23] Monroe, Paul, _Text-Book in the History of Education_, p 258
CHAPTER VIII
[1] ”In the school of Nisibis the Church possessed an institution, which for centuries secured her a systeher education, and therewith an important social and political position To the older literature, consisting of translations, there was added, froe number of philosophical, scientific, andto Greek antiquity, and especially the works of Aristotle Through these Greek wisdo, clothed in Syrian attire, found a hoeschichte_, vol I, p 278)
[2] ”By the year 600 AD the triuh banished learning and education froloo faith which sank ever deeper and deeper in the htenment survived had found a home beyond the limits of the Roman Empire,--in Ireland, in the extreme West; in Syria, in the far East” (Davidson, Thomas, _History of Education_, p 133)
[3] This was deter 56-1/3 miles, which would make the circumference of the earth 20,280 miles The correct distance is 69 miles
[4] The fanaticisher education In the Mohammedan countries of the East drew perid orthodoxy, fatal to educational progress, now triu of the Turks only hout Arabia and Asia Minor beca of the past Some day it will be the task of western Europe to hand back schools and learning to the Mohareat World War
[5] The Alhambra, built between 1238 and 1354, at Granada, is an exquisite example of their art (See plate in vol 1, p 658, of the _Encyclopaedia Britannica_, 11th ed, for an illustration of their architecture and art)
[6] It was an age of superstition and ic, private warfare, trials by ordeal, robber bands, little dirty towns, no roads, unsanitary conditions, and miserable homes
Even the nobility had few comforts and conveniences, and personal cleanliness was not common Disease was punishment for sin and to be cured by prayer, while the insane were scourged to cast out the devils within them
[7] Frederic II was E fro in Sicily, and spent reatly ad, and tried to transfer soe to Christian Europe He lived, however, at a ti its te the Emperor of Europe This encroachment Frederick resisted and tried to break, but without success At his death the mediaeval German dream of world empire perished; Germany was left a collection of feudal States; and the temporal power of the Pope was henceforth for centuries to come undisputed
[8] Christianity had not as yet been introduced a the eastern Baltic In Prussia and Lithuania, where missionary efforts had been made from 900 on, success did not come until more than three centuries later (See art ”Missions,” _Ency Brit_, 11th ed, vol 18)
[9] Theconcerned the Trinity, the Eucharist, and Transubstantiation
[10] This discussion was over as known as nominalis his arguely on some parts of Plato, had declared that ideas constituted our real existence
Roscellinus of Coanon_ of Aristotle, had held that ideas or concepts are only nas Anselm, as a realist, contended that the human senses are deceptive, and that revealed truth alone is reliable
Roscellinus, as a noation and the use of reason The church accepted the realism of Anselm as correct, and Roscellinus was co effect of such an attitude toward honest doubt can be iined
[11] McCabe, Joseph, _Peter Abelard_, p 7
[12] By the beginning of the eleventh century this cathedral school had become the most important in France, a position which it retained for centuries It was the great center for theological study, and drew to it a succession of eminent teachers--William of Champeaux, Abelard, Peter the Lombard--and, in time, thousands of students
[13] The term _scholasticism_ comes from _scholasticus_, because it was chiefly in the cathedral schools that scholasticis worked out by the teachers in the cathedral schools
[14] The English philosopher John Locke (1632-1704) once said that when he considered the inertness of the Middle Ages he was led to think that God had been content toto Aristotle the task ofThe worshi+p of Aristotle is easily explained by the great aical e, and the way his ideas as to causes fitted into Christian reasoning
[15] The Do monastic order, founded in 1216 It was a revival of monasticism, directed toward more modern ends The Dominicans established theht to control education and to defend orthodoxy Another new order of this same period was that of the Franciscans, or Gray Friars, founded by Saint Francis in 1212 Their as directed still , missions, and public service They were a less intellectual but a more democratic brotherhood It was the Franciscans who followed the armies of Spain to Mexico, and later built and conducted the missions of the central and southern California coast
[16] Special translations of Aristotle's _Rhetoric_ and _Politics_, froinal Greek texts, obtained at Constantinople by the Crusaders, were made for Thomas Aquinas at his special request, about 1260, by Williah Greek to perforave him better translations from which to lecture and write
[17] In 529 the Eastern Emperor, Justinian (see p 76), directed that an orderly compilation be prepared of the many and confused laws and decisions which had beena standard body of Roman law in place of the unwieldyThe result was the _Corpus Juris Civilis_, worked out by a staff of eminent lawyers between 529 and 533 (R
93) This consisted of
I The _Code_, in twelve books, containing the Statutes of the Emperors;