Part 18 (2/2)
45
Barnsley[A] m.t. & to
W.R. York
York 39
Rotherham 13
11
Barnstaple[B] bo.& mt
Devon
Exeter 38
S. Molton 12
+--+---------------------+----------+--------------+------------+
Dist.
Map
Names of Places.
Number of Miles From
Lond.
Population.
+--+---------------------+-------------------------+-----+------+ 7
Barnhill ham
Malpas 4
172
36
Barningham pa
Thetford 9
82
514
44
Barningham pa & to
Barnard Cas. 5
238
550
27
Barningham, Little pa
Cromer 8
119
227
27
Barningham pa
5
121
42
27
Barningham Winter pa
8
120
114
24
Barnoldby-le-Beck pa
Louth 16
165
232
45
Barnoldswick pa & to
c.l.i.theroe 10
223
2724
7
Barnsham to
Congleton 8
170
15
Barnsley pa
Fairford 6
86
318
45
Barnsley[A] m.t. & to
Hudderfield 17
172
10330
11
Barnstaple[B] bo.& mt
Ilfracomb 10
193
6840
+--+---------------------+-------------------------+-----+------+
[A] BARNSLEY. This large market town is built chiefly of stone, but being surrounded by coal pits and iron works, the smoke from which obscures the air, it is generally known by the name of Black Barnsley.
The black gla.s.s bottles made here are of excellent quality, and the manufacture of linen is carried on to a great extent. Here also is made the best wire in the kingdom for needles. The town is seated on the side of a hill; the trade and population have considerably increased since the completion of the navigable ca.n.a.l, by means of which communications are opened with Wakefield, and all parts of the kingdom. The land in the vicinity of this town is highly distinguished for its fertility; the manor is possessed by the Duke of Leeds.
_Market_, Wednesday.--_Fairs_, Wednesday before Feb. 28, horned cattle and swine; May 12, ditto; October 10, ditto, horses, and cheese.--_Mail_ arrives 2.55 afternoon; departs 11.31 night.--_Bankers_, Becket and Co., draw on Glyn and Co.--_Inns_, King's Head, and White Bear.
[Sidenote: The trade.]
[B] BARNSTAPLE is said to derive its name from Bar, which in the ancient British signified the mouth of a river; and the Saxon word Staple, a mart. It is situated in the hundred of Braunton, and returns two members to parliament. The town appears to have been incorporated by Henry I., yet it retains some traces of feudal jurisdiction; a number of common burgesses claiming a right to vote with the corporate officers for members of parliament. The 10. householders are about 607; the returning officer is the mayor, who with two bailiffs, two aldermen, twenty-two common councilmen, and other officers form the corporation.
Barnstaple is one of the neatest and most respectable towns in the county; it lies on the eastern bank of the river Taw, in a broad and fertile vale, bounded by a semi-circular range of hills. The Taw here spreads to a considerable breadth, but from the great acc.u.mulation of sand, the port is shallow, and vessels of more than 200 tons are not able to enter. Over the river is a bridge of sixteen arches, which is said to have been built by one of the Tracys, at the time that family were lords of the manor. The streets are s.p.a.cious and regular, and the buildings generally good. The town, indeed, boasts some of the marks of a metropolis; there are b.a.l.l.s every fortnight, and a regular theatre, and nothing but a good pavement is wanted to make it highly agreeable. A n.o.ble quay extends some way along the river, terminated by a handsome piazza, over the centre of which stands the statue of Queen Anne, with an inscription, testifying to the loyalty of Robert Rolle, of Stevenstone, in this county, the erector. The woollen trade formerly carried on here with considerable spirit, greatly increased the wealth of the town, and enabled its inhabitants to erect a number of very respectable houses: this trade has of late failed, but the manufacture of baize, silk stockings and waistcoat pieces, still gives life to the place. Besides this source of wealth and population, the beauty of the surrounding country, and the cheapness of provisions, have induced many respectable families to reside here entirely; a circ.u.mstance which renders Barnstaple the most genteel town in the north of Devon. Here is a celebrated Grammar School, which has been founded about three centuries, and is famous for having educated a number of distinguished men; among whom were John Jewel, Bishop of Salisbury: his Theological antagonist, Thomas Harding, Professor at Louvain: the poet Gay, and the learned Dr. Musgrave. Bishop Jewel was a learned divine, who lived in the reigns of the last sovereigns of the house of Tudor, and was born near Ilfracombe, in 1522. Having acquired the rudiments of his learning in this school, he was removed to Merton College, Oxford. He was a most zealous and able champion of the Christian faith; and was indefatigable in the pursuit of knowledge, even at the expense of his health, which was materially injured by the closeness of his application. About the year 1551, he obtained the rectory of Sunningwell, in Berks.h.i.+re, where he was much beloved for his zeal and a.s.siduity as a parish priest. When Queen Mary succeeded her brother Edward, Jewel was deprived of an office he held in the university; and, notwithstanding he subscribed to a confession of faith drawn up by the Catholics, yet suspicions were entertained of his sincerity, and fearing he should be prosecuted as an heretic, he withdrew from Oxford, and made his escape to the continent.
On the death of Queen Mary, Jewel returned to England, and was received very favorably by Queen Elizabeth, who raised him to the bishop.r.i.c.k of Salisbury, in the year 1560. From this time until the day of his death, he was princ.i.p.ally engaged in his pastoral duties, and in the defence and support of the Protestant faith. He died September 1571. The admirable moralist and poet, Gay, was also educated in this school; he was the composer of ”The Beggar's Opera,” the notion of which appears to have been afforded by Swift. The purpose of this singular performance, was to bring into ridicule the Italian Opera, and it is not easy to define the mixture of pathos and ridicule which distinguishes this remarkable production. His celebrated ”Fables,” written for the instruction of the Duke of c.u.mberland, have been the means of unqualified delight to millions. His first poem, ent.i.tled ”Rural Sports,” and dedicated to Mr. Pope, gained him the friends.h.i.+p of that poet. The year following he was appointed Secretary to the d.u.c.h.ess of Monmouth: at this time he printed his ”Trivia,” in the composition of which he was a.s.sisted by Swift. He died of an inflammation of the bowels, in 1732, (sincerely lamented by all who knew him,) and was buried in Westminster Abbey, where his monument exhibits an epitaph by Pope, which is written with tasteful tenderness.
_Market_, Friday.--_Fairs_, September 19; Friday before April 21; second Friday in December, for cattle. These are considerable fairs, but are called great markets, as there is no charter to hold fairs on those days.--_Mail_ arrives 7.0 morning; departs 5.0 afternoon.--_Bankers_, Pyke, Law and Co.; draw on Barclay and Co.; Drake and Co. draw on Esdaile and Co.--_Inns_, Fortescue Arms; Golden Lion; Kings Arms.
[Sidenote: Incorporated by Henry I.]
[Sidenote: Amus.e.m.e.nts, &c.]
[Sidenote: Eminent men educated here.]
[Sidenote: Gay, the Poet, born here.]
Map
Names of Places.
County.
Number of Miles From
+--+-----------------------+--------+-----------+-----------+ 7
Barnston to
Chester
Park Gate 4
Liverpool 5
14
Barnston pa
Ess.e.x
Dunmow 2
Braintree 8
7
Barnton to
Chester
Northwich 2
Knutsford 8
28
Barnwell-All-Sts.[A] pa
Northamp
Oundle 3
Thrapston 5
+--+-----------------------+--------+-----------+-----------+
Dist.
Map
Names of Places.
Number of Miles From
Lond.
Population.
+--+-----------------------+-------------+------+-----+-----+ 7
Barnston to
Chester 14
198
112
14
Barnston pa
Chelmsford 10
38
215
7
Barnton to
Warrington 9
175
730
28
Barnwell-All-Sts.[A] pa
Stamford 18
78
126
+--+-----------------------+--------------------+-----+-----+
[A] BARNWELL derives its name from some wells, which in the age of superst.i.tion, were widely famed for the miraculous cures they performed in diseases of children. Sacred veneration was at length paid them, and pilgrims from distant parts resorted hither to adore the spirit which infused such wonderful virtues into the waters. A castle was erected here in the reign of Henry I., by Reginald le Moine, and became afterwards the baronial residence of the family of the Montagues. The remains of this once magnificent structure consist of four circular ma.s.sy bastion towers, each forming an angle of a quadrangular court, inclosed by walls three feet thick; the grand gateway on the south side is flanked by similar towers. The whole forms a fine and curious ruin, and is a rare specimen of the early Norman castellated form of building.
Map
Names of Places.
County.
Number of Miles From
+--+-----------------------+----------+------------+-------------+ 28
Barnwell, St. And pa
Northamp
Oundle 2
Thrapston 6
15
Barnwood pa
Gloucester
Gloucester 2
Cheltenham 8
35
Barr, Great[A] pa
Stafford
Walsall 4
Wednesbury 4
35
Barr, Perry ham
Stafford
5
Birmingham 5
29
Barrasford to
Northumb.
Hexham 7
Bellingham 10
6
Barrington pa
Cambridge
Cambridge 6
Caxton 8
34
Barrington pa
Somerset
Ilminster 4
Ilchester 10
4
Barrington, Great[B] pa
Berks&Glos
Burford 4
Northleach 7
15
Barrington, Little pa
Gloucester
Burford 4
Stow 8
10
Barrow pa
Derby
Derby 6
Kegworth 12
15
Barrow to
Gloucester
Cheltenham 4
Tewkesbury 5
29
Barrow to
Northumb.
Allenton 5
Wooler 16
32
Barrow chap
Rutland
Oakham 5
Stamford 12
+--+-----------------------+----------+------------+-------------+
Dist.
Map
Names of Places.
Number of Miles From
Lond.
Population.
+--+-----------------------+----------------------+------+-------+ 28
Barnwell, St. And pa
Stamford 17
79
284
15
Barnwood pa
Painswick 6
104
419
35
Barr, Great[A] pa
Birmingham 5
114
779
35
Barr, Perry ham
Sutton 3
114
777
29
Barrasford to
Corbridge 9
284
232
6
Barrington pa
Royston 8
46
485
34
Barrington pa
Crewkherne 8
134
468
4
Barrington, Great[B] pa
Stow 8
76
532
15
Barrington, Little pa
Northleach 7
76
162
10
Barrow pa
Burton 10
125
584
15
Barrow to
Gloucester 7
98
238
29
Barrow to
Bellingham 18
314
14
32
Barrow chap
Cottesmore 2
101
144
+--+-----------------------+----------------------+------+-------+
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