Part 73 (1/2)

=Stadacone.= An Indian town, which stood near the mouth of the St.

Charles River, in what is now the city of Quebec. It was occupied by a tribe of the Huron-Iroquois race, of which Donnacona was chief in 1535, when Jacques Cartier brought his little fleet to anchor in the St.

Charles.

=Stairs, W. J.= =H= President of Anti-Confederation League, Nova Scotia, 192; correspondence with Joseph Howe, 192-197.

=Stamford, Katherine.= =S= Maiden name of Simcoe's mother, 15.

=Stamp Act.= =Dr= Effect of, in Canada, 33, 57.

=Stanley, Lord.= _See_ Derby.

=Stanmore, Sir Arthur Hamilton Gordon, Baron= (1829- ). =Md= Lieutenant-governor of New Brunswick, at first opposes Confederation, but later exerts all his influence in its favour, 121-122. =B= Son of Earl of Aberdeen, opposed to Confederation, 187; reverses his att.i.tude on instructions from colonial office, 187-188. =W= Organizes first military camp in New Brunswick, 136. =T= Hostile to Confederation, 97; son of Lord Aberdeen, 97; strong advocate of maritime union, 97; under pressure from England, favours Confederation, 98; relations with A. J.

Smith, 103-104. =Bib.=: _Who's Who_, 1910.

=Star.= Newspaper published at Cobourg; established 1828. =Index=: =B= Estimate of George Brown, 72-73.

=Star.= Newspaper published at Toronto; established 1892. =Index=: =Mc= Opinion of Mackenzie, 4; on rebellion, 13; on Mackenzie as a reformer, 522.

=State Church.= =Sy= Provision made for, by Clergy Reserves, 77. _See also_ Clergy Reserves.

=Steadman, James.= =T= Postmaster-general, 51.

=Steams.h.i.+p Service.= The first steam vessel in Canadian waters was the _Accommodation_, which made her first trip between Montreal and Quebec in 1809. She was followed by the _Swift Sure_ in 1811. The _General Smyth_ made her first journey on the St. John River in 1816; and the _Frontenac_ was the pioneer steamer on Lake Ontario, 1817. The first vessel to cross the Atlantic under steam was the _Royal William_, built at Quebec, 1830-1831, and crossed the Atlantic, 1833. The _Unicorn_, built by Samuel Cunard, sailed from Liverpool to Halifax in 1840. The _Britannia_ followed the same year. The Allan Line began its career in 1852, the Dominion Line in 1870, the Canadian Pacific Steams.h.i.+p Line in 1859, and the Canadian Northern in 1910. =Index=: =H= Ocean service advocated by Joseph Howe, 232-234; established by Samuel Cunard, 234.

_See also_ Allan; Cunard; Molson; _Accommodation_; _Royal William_.

=Bib.=: Johnson, _First Things in Canada_.

=Steeves, William Henry= (1814-1873). Born at Hillsborough, New Brunswick. Represented Albert County in the a.s.sembly, 1846-1851; member of Legislative Council, 1851-1867; surveyor-general, 1854-1855; commissioner of public works, 1855-1856, and 1857-1863; member of Intercolonial Railway Council, 1862; delegate to Charlottetown Conference, 1864; and Quebec Conference, 1864; called to the Senate, 1867. =Index=: =T= Member of New Brunswick government, 33, 43; delegate to England, 56; New Brunswick delegate to Charlottetown Conference, 73.

=Bib.=: Hannay, _History of New Brunswick_.

=Steinhauer, Henry Bird= (1804-1885). A full-blooded Chippewa Indian.

Born in the Ramah Indian settlement, Lake Simcoe, Ontario. Adopted in early life by a Pennsylvania family whose name he took and by whom he was educated. About 1840 went to the North-West with the Rev. James Evans. Established himself at Norway House, where he remained for fifteen years. a.s.sisted Evans in his invention of the Cree syllabic characters. Translated almost the whole of the Old Testament, and the greater part of the New Testament, into Cree. About 1858 removed to Whitefish Lake and established the Methodist mission there.

=Steuben, Frederick William Augustus Henry Ferdinand, Baron von= (1730-1794). Served through Seven Years' War. In 1777 offered his services to the Continental Congress, and attached to main army under Was.h.i.+ngton, who made him inspector-general. Promoted major-general at Yorktown. =Index=: =S= Stores guarded by, captured by Queen's Rangers, 34. =Hd= Sent as envoy to demand surrender of western forts, 259.

=Bib.=: _Cyc. Am. Biog._

=Stevens.= =WM= Hostage, escapes from Quebec, 125.

=Stevenson, Captain.= =S= Accompanies Simcoe to Canada, 47.

=Stewart, Alexander= (1794-1868). Born in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Engaged in West India trade. Afterwards studied law and called to the bar of Nova Scotia, 1822. Elected to the a.s.sembly, 1826; member of the Legislative Council, 1837; and of the Executive Council, 1840. In 1846 appointed Master of the Rolls and judge of the Vice-Admiralty Court.

=Index=: =H= His independent att.i.tude in Nova Scotia a.s.sembly, 18, 35; standing in public life of the province, 35; deserts popular party, 41; delegate of Legislative Council to England to oppose representative government, 52, 56. =Bib.=: Campbell, _History of Nova Scotia_; Saunders, _Three Premiers of Nova Scotia_.

=Stewart, Sir William= (1774-1827). British general. =Index=: =Bk= In command of marines in expedition to Baltic, 24, 29; organizes Rifle Brigade, 25. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._

=Stikine River.= Rises in northern British Columbia and flows into the Pacific, through Alaskan territory, after a course of 335 miles. The name is a corruption of the Thlinkit word _sta-hane_, meaning ”the river.” The mouth of the river was visited by Captain Cleveland in 1799.

The Russians built Fort Dionysius there, in 1834, on the site of the present town of Wrangell. Three years later, the post was acquired by the Hudson's Bay Company, and renamed Fort Stikine. The upper waters of the river were visited by J. McLeod, of the Hudson's Bay Company, in 1834. The river was explored in 1863 by Lieutenant Pereles.h.i.+n, of the Russian navy; and in 1866-1867 by the surveyors of the Western Union Telegraph Company. =Index=: =D= Attempt to establish Hudson's Bay Company fort there in 1834 frustrated by Russians, 119-120; Russians hand over their fort at mouth of river to Hudson's Bay Company, 121.

=Bib.=: Blake, _Geographical Notes upon Russian America and the Stickeen River_; Dawson, _Report on Yukon District_ (Geol. Survey Report, 1887-1888).

=Stills=. =S= Taxes imposed upon, by Legislature of Upper Canada, 92.

=Stirling, Sir William Alexander, Earl of= (1567?-1640). King James gave him a patent, September, 1621, to the territory now embracing the provinces of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick and the Gaspe peninsula. To further the colonization of his huge domain, Alexander inst.i.tuted the baronetcy of New Scotland, or Nova Scotia. In 1628 the first colonists were landed at Port Royal. =Index=: =Ch= Equips vessel to operate against French colonies, 176; grant to, of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, etc., 223. _See_ Baronets of Nova Scotia. =Bib.=: Biggar, _Early Trading Companies of New France_; Rogers, _The Earl of Stirling's Register of Royal Letters Relative to the Affairs of Scotland and Nova Scotia_; Alexander, _An Encouragement to Colonies_ in Laing, _Royal Letters Relating to Colonization of New Scotland_; Patterson, _Sir William Alexander_ (R. S. C., 1892); Kirke, _The First English Conquest of Canada_.