Part 72 (1/2)

James, 109; at Fort Vancouver, 110. =Bib.=: _Narrative of a Journey Round the World_. For biog., _see_ Morgan, _Cel. Can._; Bryce, _Manitoba_ and _Hudson's Bay Company_; McLeod, _Peace River_.

=Simpson, John= (1807-1878). Born in Helmsley, Yorks.h.i.+re, England.

Elected to the Legislative a.s.sembly of Upper Canada, 1858, for the town of Niagara, and sat for the same const.i.tuency until 1864. Member of the Executive Council and provincial secretary, 1864; a.s.sistant auditor-general, 1864-1878. =Index=: =B= Retires from ministry with Foley and Buchanan, to make room for George Brown, Mowat, and Macdougall, 159. =Bib.=: Dent, _Last Forty Years_.

=Simpson, Miss Mary.= =Hd= Nelson's admiration for, 244.

=Simpson, Thomas= (1808-1840). Born in Dingwall, Scotland. Educated at University of Aberdeen. In 1829 appointed secretary to his cousin, Sir George Simpson, resident governor of the Hudson's Bay Company. With Peter Warren Dease, commanded an expedition to connect the discoveries on the Arctic coast of Sir John Ross and Sir George Back, and in July, 1837, arrived at Foggy Island Bay, the farthest point reached by Sir John Franklin. Surveyed the Arctic coast of North America, from the mouth of the Mackenzie to Point Barrow, and from the Coppermine River to the Gulf of Bothnia, and solved the problem of the existence of a pa.s.sage by water between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. =Index=: =MS= His explorations of Arctic coast, 225. =Bib.=: _Narrative of the Discoveries on the North Coast of America, 1826-1829_. For biog., _see_ Simpson, _Life and Travels of Thomas Simpson_.

=Simultaneous Polling.= =E= Provided for by law in 1874, existed some years previously in Nova Scotia, 133.

=Sinclair, Colonel.= =Hd= Lieutenant-governor at Michilimackinac, 158, 161, 163.

=Sioux Indians.= A western tribe, occupying the country between the west end of Lake Superior and the head waters of the Mississippi when French explorers and missionaries first went among them. Radisson and Chouart wintered among them in 1661-1662; they were visited by Du Lhut about 1678; and constant references are made to the tribe in the _Jesuit Relations_ of the seventeenth century. Fierce and implacable by nature, they were rightly known as the Iroquois of the West. They are described in the narratives of Hennepin and other early writers. =Index=: =Hd= Offer to attack Ottawas, Chippewas, and Pottawattamies, 148. =Bib.=: _Jesuit Relations_, ed. by Thwaites; Carver, _Travels through the Interior Part of North America_; Schoolcraft, _Indian Tribes of the United States_; Catlin, _North American Indians_; Hodge, _Handbook of American Indians_.

=Sitka.= Capital of Alaska. Baranof built a fort there in 1799, which he named Archangel Gabriel. It was captured by the natives in 1802, and recaptured by the Russians two years later. The same year, another fort was built near by, which was called Archangel Michael. The town which grew up about it was known as New Archangel, or Sitka. The latter name is of native origin, and the meaning is unknown. =Bib.=: McCormick, _Geographic Dictionary of Alaska_.

=Six Friends.= =F= Flags.h.i.+p of Phipps, 281.

=Six Nations.= =Dr= Their grievances, 5. =S= Lands allotted to, on Grand River, 74. =Hd= Too few in number to be important as allies, 126; their raid on Wyoming, 151; deputation to Quebec shown English fleet, 152; Molly Brant's influence with, 155; deputation of, wait on MacLean at Niagara, 171; threatened by Schuyler, 257; settle on Grand River, 258; party of, remain at Cataraqui, 265. =Bib.=: _See_ Iroquois.

=Skelton, Rev. Thomas.= =Dr= Step-father of Carleton, 29.

=Skinner, Charles N.= =T= Candidate in St. John County. New Brunswick, 85, 109.

=Slafter, E. F.= =Ch= His estimate of Champlain, 277-279. =Bib.=: Memoir on Champlain in _Voyages of Champlain_ (Prince Society). Edited _Voyages of Northmen to America_ (Prince Society); _Sir William Alexander and American Colonization_ (Prince Society).

=Slavery.= =Hd= Census of, in Lower Canada, in 1784, 231; negroes advertised in Quebec, 246. =B= George Brown's lifelong opposition to, xi, 1-2, 111-119; Anti-Slavery Society of Canada formed, 112, 113. =S= Prohibition of, in Upper Canada, 89-91. _See also_ Negroes. =Bib.=: Johnson, _First Things in Canada_; Withrow, _The Underground Railway_ (R. S. C., 1902); Jack, _Loyalists and Slavery in New Brunswick_ (R. S.

C., 1898); Smith, _Slavery in Canada_ (N. S. Hist. Soc. Coll., vol. 10); _L'Esclavage en Canada_ (Soc. Hist, du Montreal, 1859); Garneau, _History of Canada_.

=Small, James E.= =Mc= Defeated by Baldwin, 159; opposes Mackenzie, 214.

=Small, John E.= =S= Clerk of Executive Council, 178; his duel with John White, attorney-general, 181. =BL= Solicitor-general for Upper Canada, 134; Const.i.tutional Society of Orillia recommends his dismissal, 167; elected in 1844, 253. =Bib.=: Dent, _Last Forty Years_.

=Smallpox.= =Dr= Breaks out in army before Quebec, 120, 123. =Hd= Discussion on, in Quebec _Gazette_, 228-231. _See also_ Vaccination.

=Smith, Colonel.= =S= Commands 5th Regiment, his residence at Niagara, 179.

=Smith, Adam= (1723-1790). Political economist. Filled successively the chairs of logic and of moral philosophy at Glasgow. In 1766 published his great work, _The Wealth of Nations_. =Index=: =Sy= His economic views receive attention, 11. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._

=Smith, Sir Albert James= (1824-1883). Born in Shediac, New Brunswick.

Educated at the Westmoreland County Grammar School; studied law, and called to the bar, 1847. Represented Westmoreland in the New Brunswick a.s.sembly, 1851-1867. A member of the government without portfolio, 1856.

Resigned with his colleagues, and on the return of his party to power again resumed office. Attorney-general, 1862. A strong opponent of Confederation. On the resignation of the Tilley government, called on to form an administration; succeeded and held the office of president of the Council. Went to England to oppose Confederation, 1865. Held the attorney-generals.h.i.+p, 1865. His administration resigned office, 1866.

Returned for Westmoreland to the House of Commons, 1867. Held office as minister of marine and fisheries in the Mackenzie government, 1873-1878.

Chief counsel of the Canadian government before the Halifax Fisheries Commission, 1877. In recognition of his services, created K. C. M. G., 1878. =Index=: =T= Member of New Brunswick government, 33, 43; resigns, 1862, 90; member of Mackenzie ministry, 90; a Liberal, 91; declines chief-justices.h.i.+p, 93, 94; resigns with his government, 103-104; opposes Quebec scheme, 116-117, 118-119. =H= Leader of Anti-Confederate government in New Brunswick, 179. =B= His ministry resigns, owing to action of Lieutenant-Governor Gordon and the Legislative Council on Confederation question, 188. =Bib.=: Dent, _Can. Por._; Hannay, _History of New Brunswick_.

=Smith, Goldwin= (1823-1910). Born in Reading, England. Educated at Eton and Oxford; elected a fellow of University College, London, 1846; regius professor of modern history at Oxford, 1858-1866; honorary professor of English and const.i.tutional history at Cornell, 1868-1871. Came to Canada, 1871; and thereafter made his home in Toronto. Elected a member of the Senate of Toronto University; and was first president of the Council of Public Instruction. =Index=: =Mc= His opinion of Mackenzie, 3; on the Family Compact, 10; on revolution, 18; on Mackenzie, 27; view of parliamentary government under Const.i.tutional Act, 54, 55. =B= His connection with Canada First movement, 235; elected president of National Club, 237; attacked by the _Globe_, 237-238; his reply, 238-239. =Md= Supports Canada First party, 226; on Red River Rebellion, 240; his belief that ”Annexation to United States was written in the stars,” 283; favours commercial union, 292, 293, 294. =Bib.=: Works: _Three English Statesmen_; _Lectures on the Study of History_; _Canada and the Canadian Question_; _Cowper_; _Essays on Questions of the Day_; _A Trip to England_; _Life of Jane Austen_; _The Moral Crusader_; _Oxford and Her Colleges_; _Shakespeare the Man_; _Guesses at the Riddle of Existence_; _Irish History and the Irish Question_; _The United Kingdom_; _The United States_; _Labour and Capital_. For biog., _see_ Morgan, _Can. Men_; Dent, _Can. Por._; Denison, _The Struggle for Imperial Unity_; and his _Reminiscences_, edited by T. Arnold Haultain.

=Smith, Sir Henry= (1812-1868). Born in London, England. Came to Canada with his parents; studied law and called to the bar of Upper Canada, 1836. Entered Parliament, 1841, as member for Frontenac; appointed solicitor-general, 1854, in MacNab-Morin ministry, and held same office in succeeding governments till 1858. Elected Speaker, 1858. Knighted, 1860, on the occasion of the visit of the Prince of Wales to Canada.

=Index=: =E= Solicitor-general for Upper Canada in MacNab-Morin ministry, 141; judge of Seigniorial Court, 187. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Cel.