Part 4 (2/2)

LIST OF LICHENS USED BY THE PEASANTRY OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES FOR WOOL DYEING[D]

SHADES OF RED, PURPLE AND ORANGE

_Borrera ashney_ Chutcheleera India

_Conicularia aculeata_ var _spadicea_ Brown prickly cornicularia Canary Islands, Highland Mountains

_Evernia prunastri_ Ragged hoary Lichen Stag's horn Lichen Found in Scotland on trees

_Isidium corallinuii_ Westring's Isidium Norway and Sweden

_Lecanora tartarea_ Crotal, Crottle, Corkur, Corcir, Korkir Found in the Scotch Highlands and Islands, growing on rocks; used for the ow

_L parella_ Light Crottle, Crabs Eye Lichen Found in Scotland, France and England, on rocks and trees; for of the dye called Orseille d'Auvergne

_L haematomma_ bloody spotted lecanora, Black lecanora

Found in Scotland on rocks and trees

_Lecidea sanguinaria_ Red fruited lecidea In Scotland, on rocks

_Nephroma parilis_ Chocolate coloured nephroma Scotland, on stones Said to dye blue

_Parmelia caperata_ Stone Crottle, Arcel Found in North of Ireland and Isle of Man, on trees Said to dye brown, orange lemon and yellow

_P conspersa_ Sprinkled parland

_P omphalodes_ Black Crottle, Cork, Corker, Crostil or Crostal (Scotch Highlands) Arcel (Ireland) Kenkerig (Wales) Alaforel leaf (Sweden) Found on rocks, especially Alpine, in Scotland, Ireland, Wales and Scandinavia One of the most extensively used dye lichens It yields a dark brown dye readily to boiling water, and it is easily fixed to yarns by simple mordants It is stated to yield a red, crimson or purple dye

_P saxatilis_ Crottle, stane-raw, Staney-raw (Scotland)

Scrottyie (Shetland) Sten-laf, Sten-mossa (Norway and Sweden) Found on rocks and stones in Scotland, Shetland, and Scandinavia In winter the Swedish peasantry wear hoarments dyed purple by this Lichen By the Shetlanders it is usually collected in August, when it is considered richest in colouring matter

_Raland

_R scopulorum_ Ivory-like ramalina Scotland, on maritime rocks A red dye

_Rocella tinctoria_ Orseille Grows in the South of France, on the rocks by the sea

_Solorina crocea_ Saffron yellow solorina In Scotland, onmatter is ready formed and abundant in the thallus

_Sticta pulmonacea_ On trees

_Umbilicaria pustulata_ Blistered umbilicaria Found on rocks in Norway and Sweden

_Urceolaria calcarea_ Corkir, Limestone Urceolaria Found in Scotland, Western Islands, Shetland and Wales, growing on liland, on rocks