Part 2 (2/2)

[19:1] Hale, ”Daniel Boone” (pamphlet).

[21:1] Compare Baily, ”Tour in the Unsettled Parts of North America”

(London, 1856), pp. 217-219, where a similar a.n.a.lysis is made for 1796.

See also Collot, ”Journey in North America” (Paris, 1826), p. 109; ”Observations on the North American Land Company” (London, 1796), pp.

xv, 144; Logan, ”History of Upper South Carolina.”

[22:1] ”Spotswood Papers,” in Collections of Virginia Historical Society, i, ii.

[23:1] [Burke], ”European Settlements” (1765 ed.), ii, p. 200.

[23:2] Everest, in ”Wisconsin Historical Collections,” xii, pp. 7 ff.

[23:3] Weston, ”Doc.u.ments connected with History of South Carolina,” p.

61.

[25:1] See, for example, the speech of Clay, in the House of Representatives, January 30, 1824.

[25:2] See the admirable monograph by Prof. H. B. Adams, ”Maryland's Influence on the Land Cessions”; and also President Welling, in Papers American Historical a.s.sociation, iii, p. 411.

[26:1] Adams' Memoirs, ix, pp. 247, 248.

[28:1] Author's article in _The aegis_ (Madison, Wis.), November 4, 1892.

[29:1] Compare Roosevelt, ”Thomas Benton,” ch. i.

[30:1] _Political Science Quarterly_, ii, p. 457. Compare Sumner, ”Alexander Hamilton,” chs. ii-vii.

[31:1] Compare Wilson, ”Division and Reunion,” pp. 15, 24.

[32:1] On the relation of frontier conditions to Revolutionary taxation, see Sumner, Alexander Hamilton, ch. iii.

[32:2] I have refrained from dwelling on the lawless characteristics of the frontier, because they are sufficiently well known. The gambler and desperado, the regulators of the Carolinas and the vigilantes of California, are types of that line of sc.u.m that the waves of advancing civilization bore before them, and of the growth of spontaneous organs of authority where legal authority was absent. Compare Barrows, ”United States of Yesterday and To-morrow”; s.h.i.+nn, ”Mining Camps”; and Bancroft, ”Popular Tribunals.” The humor, bravery, and rude strength, as well as the vices of the frontier in its worst aspect, have left traces on American character, language, and literature, not soon to be effaced.

[34:1] Debates in the Const.i.tutional Convention, 1829-1830.

[34:2] [McCrady] Eminent and Representative Men of the Carolinas, i, p.

43; Calhoun's Works, i, pp. 401-406.

[35:1] Speech in the Senate, March 1, 1825; Register of Debates, i, 721.

[36:1] Plea for the West (Cincinnati, 1835), pp. 11 ff.

[37:1] Colonial travelers agree in remarking on the phlegmatic characteristics of the colonists. It has frequently been asked how such a people could have developed that strained nervous energy now characteristic of them. Compare Sumner, ”Alexander Hamilton,” p. 98, and Adams, ”History of the United States,” i, p. 60; ix, pp. 240, 241. The transition appears to become marked at the close of the War of 1812, a period when interest centered upon the development of the West, and the West was noted for restless energy. Grund, ”Americans,” ii, ch. i.

II

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