Part 54 (1/2)

_NOTES ON CHEYENNE AND ARAPAHO SIGNALS_

The following information was obtained fro horse_), Cheyennes, and O-QO-HIS'-SA (_The Mare_, better known as ”Little Raven”), and NA'-WATC (_Left Hand_), Arapahos, chiefs and ton, DC, in Septe in Indian Territory:

A party of Indians going on the war-path leave ca individuals and infor runners A party is not systeanized until several days away from its headquarters, unless circumstances should require immediate action The pipe-bearers are appointed, who precede the party while on thethe pipes, and no one is allowed to cross ahead of these individuals, or to join the party by riding up before the head of the coluer the success of the expedition All new arrivals fall in froht of any elevations of land likely to afford a good view of the surrounding country the warriors come to a halt and secrete themselves as much as possible The scouts who have already been selected, advance just before daybreak to within a moderate distance of the elevation to ascertain if any of the enemy has preceded the the suht of birds is observed, and if any should alight upon the hill or butte it would indicate the absence of anything that e bird, as a raven, crow, or eagle, fly toward the hill-top and make a sudden swerve to either side and disappear, it would indicate the presence of so sufficient to require further examination When it is learned that there is reason to suspect an enemy the scout, who has all the tinal for theer or caution_ It isit earthward froh as the shoulder This is nearly the same as civilized Americans use the hand for a si to direct ”lie quiet”!

Should the hill, however, be clear of any one, the Indian will ascend slowly, and under cover as ain a view of the country If there is no one to be seen, the blanket is grasped and waved horizontally fro a clear surface If the ene down the hill, upon a side visible to the watchers, in a zigzag manner, which communicates the state of affairs

Should any expedition or advance be attenals as are made with the blanket are rass tied to a short pole

When a war party encaht or a day orin the direction pursued, with a nu to the nu the last ca to show to the recruits to the main party the course to be followed, and the distance

A hunting party in advancing takes the same precautions as a war party, so as not to be surprised by an enemy If a scout ascends a prorasped and waved horizontally froht of the shoulders or head; and if game is discovered the Indian rides back and forth (froht) a short distance so that the distant observers can view the e herd of buffalo is found, the extent traveled over in going to and fro increases in proportion to the size of the herd A quicker gait is traveled when the herd is very large or haste on the part of the hunters is desired

It is stated that these Indians also use nal from one elevation to another, but the systeer use for it, having ceased warfare(?)

SCHEME OF ILlustRATION

In the following pages the scheraphic illustration, intended both to save labor and secure accuracy, which was presented in the _Introduction to the Study of Sign Language_, is reproduced with soiven for the use of observers who may not see that publication, theincluded in the present paper it is not necessary that the former should now be furnished The TYPES OF HAND POSITIONS were prepared for reference by the corresponding letters of the alphabet to avoid tedious description, should any of theested in the note following the front and side outline's with arms pendant, were distributed in separate sheets to observers for their convenience in recording, and this will still be cheerfully done when request is made to the present writer When the sheets are not accessible the TYPES can be used for graphic changes by tracing the one selected, or by a feords indicating the change, as shown in the EXAMPLES The OUTLINES OF ARM POSITIONS can also be readily traced for the same use as if the sheets had been provided It is hoped that this sche uniformity in description and illustration, will be adopted by all observers who cannot be specially addressed

Collaborators in the gestures of foreign uncivilized peoples will confer a favor by sending at least one photograph or sketch in native costuestures of which are reported upon, in order that it raph or sketch need not be esture, which can be done by artists engaged on the work, but would be still more acceptable if it could be so made

OUTLINES FOR ARM POSITIONS IN SIGN LANGUAGE

The gestures, to be indicated by corrected positions of ar the motion from the initial to the final positions (which, are severally marked by an arrow-head and a cross--see EXAMPLES), will always be shown as they appear to an observer facing the gesturer, the front outline, Fig 340, or side, Fig 341, or both, being used as ers will be designated by reference to the TYPES OF HAND POSITIONS For brevity in the written description, ”hand” ht hand,” when that one alone is eesture When ht aresture actually made by the left hand and ar noted

[Illustration: Fig 340]

[Illustration: Fig 341]

In cases where the conception or origin of any sign is ascertained or suggested it should be annexed to the description, and when obtained froesturer will be so stated affirmatively, otherwise it will be considered to be presented by the observer The graphic illustration of associated facial expression or bodily posture which esture is necessarily left to the ingenuity of the contributor

_ORDER OF ARRANGEMENT_

The following order of arrangeested The use of a separate sheet or part sheet of paper for each sign described and illustrated would be convenient in the collation

It should always be affirn was procured froested or inferred by the observer

_Word or idea expressed by Sign_: __________________