Part 23 (2/2)

+DEFINITION.--A _Complex Sentence_ is one composed of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses+.

a.n.a.lysis and Parsing.

+Model+.--

man | will be honored =========|================== A ` | ` ` who ` | is wise -------|------------ |

+Explanation of the Diagram+.--You will notice that the lines standing for the subject and predicate of the _independent clause_ are heavier than those of the _dependent clause_. This pictures to you the relative importance of the two clauses. You will see that the p.r.o.noun _who_ is written on the subject line of the dependent clause. But this word performs the office of a conjunction also, and this office is expressed in the diagram by a dotted line. As all modifiers are joined by _slanting_ lines, to the words they modify, you learn from this diagram that _who is wise_ is a modifier of _man_.

+Oral a.n.a.lysis+.--This is a _complex sentence_, because it consists of an _independent clause_ and a _dependent clause_. _A man will be honored_ is _the independent clause_; _who is wise_ is the _dependent clause_. _Man_ is the subject of the independent clause; _will be honored_ is the predicate.

The word _A_ and the clause, _who is wise_, are modifiers of the subject.

_A_ points out _man_, and _who is wise_ tells the _kind_ of man. _A man who is wise_ is the modified subject; the predicate is unmodified. _Who_ is the subject of the dependent clause, _is_ is the predicate, and _wise_ is the attribute complement. _Who_ connects the two clauses.

1. He that runs may read.

2. Man is the only animal that laughs and weeps.

3. Henry Hudson discovered the river which bears his name.

4. He necessarily remains weak who never tries exertion.

5. The meridians are those lines that extend from pole to pole.

6. He who will not be ruled by the rudder must be ruled by the rock.

7. Animals that have a backbone are called vertebrates.

8. Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown.

9. The thick mists which prevail in the neighborhood of Newfoundland are caused by the warm waters of the Gulf Stream.

10. The power which brings a pin to the ground holds the earth in its...o...b..t.

11. Death is the black camel which kneels at every man's gate.

12. Our best friends are they who tell us of our faults, and help us to mend them.

The pupil will notice that, in some of these sentences, the dependent clause modifies the subject, and that, in others, it modifies the noun complement.

+COMMA--RULE.--The _adjective_ or the _adverb clause_, when it does not closely follow and restrict the word modified, is generally set off by the comma+.

LESSON 58.

SENTENCE-BUILDING.

ADJECTIVE CLAUSES.

Expand each of the following adjectives into

1. A phrase; 2. A clause;

and then use these three modifiers in three separate sentences of your own construction.

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