Part 58 (1/2)

[*][*][*] _Styles distinct; sepals spreading after flowering and deciduous; infrastipular spines usually present, often with scattered p.r.i.c.kles; sepals, globose receptacle, and pedicel usually hispid; teeth simple; p.u.b.escence not resinous._

[+] _Leaflets mostly finely many-toothed._

7. R. Carolna, L. Stems usually tall (1--7 high), with stout straight or usually more or less curved spines; stipules long and very narrow; leaflets dull green, 5--9 (usually 7), usually narrowly oblong and acute at each end and petiolulate, but often broader, usually p.u.b.escent beneath.--Borders of swamps and streams, N. Scotia to Fla., west to Minn. and Miss.

[+][+] _Leaflets coa.r.s.ely toothed._

8. R. lucida, Ehrh. Stems often tall and stout (a few inches to 6 high), _with at length stout and usually more or less hooked spines; stipules_ usually naked, _more or less dilated; leaflets_ (mostly 7) dark green, rather thick, _smooth and often s.h.i.+ning above_; flowers corymbose or solitary; outer sepals frequently with 1 or 2 small lobes.--Margins of swamps or moist places, Newf. to N. Eng., N. Y., and E. Penn.

9. R. humilis, Marsh. Stems usually low (1--3) and more slender, less leafy, with _straight slender spines_, spreading or sometimes reflexed; _stipules narrow_, rarely somewhat dilated; leaflets as in the last, but usually thinner and paler; flowers very often solitary; _outer sepals always more or less lobed_. (R. lucida of most authors.)--Mostly in dry soil or on rocky slopes, Maine to Ga., west to Minn., Mo., Ind. Terr., and La.

10. R. nitida, Willd. Low, nearly or quite _glabrous throughout, the straight slender spines often scarcely stouter than the p.r.i.c.kles which usually thickly cover the stem and branches; stipules mostly dilated_; leaflets bright green and s.h.i.+ning, usually narrowly oblong and acute at each end; flowers solitary (rarely 2 or 3); _sepals entire_.--Margins of swamps, Newf. to N. Eng.

_Naturalized species._

R. CANNA, L. (DOG ROSE.) Stems armed with stout recurved spines, without p.r.i.c.kles, the branches sometimes unarmed; leaflets 5--7, elliptical or oblong-ovate, glabrous or somewhat p.u.b.escent, simply toothed, not resinous-p.u.b.erulent; flowers solitary (or 2--4) on usually naked pedicels; sepals pinnatifid, deciduous; fruit oblong-ovate to nearly globular.--Roadsides, E. Penn., Tenn., etc. (Int. from Eu.)

R. RUBIGINSA, L. (SWEETBRIER. EGLANTINE.) Resembling the last, but of more compact habit, _the leaflets densely resinous beneath and aromatic, and doubly serrate_; the short pedicels and pinnatifid sepals hispid.

(Incl. R. micrantha, _Smith_; less aromatic, with oblong fruit and glabrous styles.)--N. Scotia and Ont. to S. C. and Tenn. (Int. from Eu.)

16. P?RUS, L. PEAR. APPLE.

Calyx-tube urn-shaped, the limb 5-cleft. Petals roundish or obovate.

Stamens numerous. Styles 2--5. Pome fleshy or berry-like; the 2--5 carpels or cells of a papery or cartilaginous texture, 2-seeded.--Trees or shrubs, with handsome flowers in corymbed cymes. (The cla.s.sical name of the Pear-tree.)

-- 1. MaLUS (APPLE). _Leaves simple; cymes simple and umbel-like; pome fleshy, globular, sunk in at the attachment of the stalk._

1. P. coronaria, L. (AMERICAN CRAB-APPLE.) _Leaves ovate_, often rather heart-shaped, _cut-serrate or lobed_, soon glabrous; _styles woolly and united at base_.--Glades, Ont. and W. New York to N. C., west to Minn., Kan., and La. May.--Tree 20 high, somewhat th.o.r.n.y, with large rose-colored very fragrant blossoms, few in a corymb; fruit fragrant and greenish.

2. P. angustiflia, Ait. Resembling the last, but with _leaves oblong or lanceolate_, often acute at base, mostly toothed, glabrous; _styles distinct_.--Glades, Penn. to Fla., west to S. Ind., Kan., and La. April.

-- 2. ADENRHACHIS. _Leaves simple, the midrib glandular along the upper side; cymes compound; styles united at base; fruit berry-like, small._

3. P. arbutiflia, L. f. (CHOKE-BERRY.) A shrub usually 1--3 high; leaves oblong or oblanceolate, mostly acute or ac.u.minate, finely glandular-serrate, tomentose beneath; cyme tomentose; flowers white or reddish; fruit pear-shaped, or globose when ripe, small, red or purple, astringent.--Swamps and damp thickets; common, from N. Scotia to Fla., and west to Minn., Ill., Mo., and La.

Var. melanocarpa, Hook. Nearly smooth throughout, with larger black fruit; leaves usually less acute.--Of apparently the same range.

-- 3. SoRBUS. _Leaves odd-pinnate, with rather numerous leaflets; cymes compound; styles separate; pome berry-like, small._

4. P. Americana, DC. (AMERICAN MOUNTAIN-ASH.) Tree or tall shrub, _nearly glabrous_ or soon becoming so; _leaflets 13--15, lanceolate, taper-pointed_, sharply serrate with pointed teeth, bright green; cymes large and flat; berries globose, bright red, not larger than peas; _leaf-buds pointed, glabrous_ and somewhat _glutinous_.--Swamps and mountain-woods, Newf. to mountains of N. C., west to N. Mich, and Minn.

Often cultivated.

5. P. sambuciflia, Cham. & Schlecht. _Leaflets oblong, oval, or lance-ovate, mostly obtuse_ or abruptly short-pointed, serrate (mostly doubly) with more spreading teeth, often pale beneath; cymes smaller; flowers and berries larger, the latter (4” broad) when young ovoid, at length globose; _leaf-buds sparingly hairy_; otherwise nearly as the preceding.--Lab. to northern N. Eng. and Lake Superior, and westward.

17. CRATae'GUS, L. HAWTHORN. WHITE THORN.

Calyx-tube urn-shaped, the limb 5-cleft. Petals 5, roundish. Stamens many, or only 10--15. Styles 1--5. Pome drupe-like, containing 1--5 bony 1-seeded stones.--Th.o.r.n.y shrubs or small trees, with simple and mostly lobed leaves, and white (rarely rose-colored) blossoms. (Name from ???t??, _strength_, on account of the hardness of the wood.)

[*] _Corymbs many-flowered._