Part 8 (2/2)

=Diu=, Bombay. 21N. 71E. Occupied by Portuguese, 1515; fortified, 1535; plundered by Arabs, 1670.

=Dolon-nor=, Mongolia. 42N. 116E. Contains many Buddhist temples, and the ruins of Changtou described by Marco Polo are near this city.

=Dondra Head= ('island's end'), Ceylon. 6N. 80E. Most southernly point of island, considered sacred by the Hindus. Ibn Batouka, the Arabian geographer, visited this place, 1344. Destroyed by Portuguese, 1587.

=Dumdum=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Scene of Sepoy rising in Mutiny, 1857.

=Dwarka=, Bombay. 22N. 69E. Taken by British, 1816. a.s.sociated with Krishna, and sometimes said to be his birthplace.

=Ecbatana= ('an a.s.sembly'), Persia. 35N. 48E. Ancient capital of Media, supposed to have been f. by Deioces, c. 705 B.C.; now known as Hamadan.

Conquered and plundered by Seleucus, 313; by Alexander, 331 B.C.

Contains tombs alleged to be those of Mordecai and Esther, also mosque of Avicenna.

=Efsene=, Turkestan. 40N. 65E. Bp. of Avicenna, Persian philosopher and physician.

=Ekron=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Ancient city of Philistia, frequently mentioned in the Bible. Taken by Thothmes III., c. 1500 B.C.; by Sennacherib, 701 B.C.

=Elburz=, Persia. 37N. 50E. Mountains, on one of which Saum exposed his son Zalzer. (See Firdausi's 'Sha Name.')

=El Elah=, Arabia. 26N. 39E. Visited by C. M. Doughty, and described in 'Travels in Arabia Deserta.'

=Elephanta=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Sacred island in Hindu mythology, containing many temples.

=Ellichpur=, Berar. 21N. 77E. F. by Rajah Ellon. Besieged by Mahrattas, 1772; taken by Ala-Eddin, 1794.

=Ellora=, Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. Contains wonderful temples to Buddha hewn out of rock. The Kailasa temple possesses sculptures of scenes from the 'Ramayana' and the 'Mahabharata.'

=Endor=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Place where witch summoned before Saul the spirit of Samuel, who foretold his defeat and death.

=Engedi= ('goat's spring'), Palestine. 31N. 35E. Frequently mentioned in the Bible, especially as the wilderness to which David fled from Saul.

Pliny refers to it as a ruin.

=Enos.h.i.+ma=, j.a.pan. 35N. 140E. An island near Yokohama containing celebrated shrine. (See Lafcadio Hearn's 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar j.a.pan.')

=Ephesus=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. Said to have been f. by Amazons, or by Androcles, son of Codrus. Taken by the Arabs from the Persians, 1283.

Famous as a sacred city of Artemis. The first Christian church established here, of which Timothy was bishop. John the Baptist and the Virgin Mary are said to have died in this city. Bp. of Herac.l.i.tus, Hermodorus, Hipponax, and Parrhasius. (See Mark Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress.')

=Erbil=, Asiatic Turkey. 36N. 44E. Darius finally defeated by Alexander, 331 B.C.

=Erivan=, Transcaucasia. 40N. 45E. Taken by the Turks 1582; by Shah Abbas, 1604; stormed by Turks, 1615; unsuccessfully attacked by Heraclius, 1780; by Russians, 1804; taken by Paskevich, 1827; ceded to Russia, 1828. Partially destroyed by earthquake, 1679. (See Bodenstedt's 'Tausend und ein Tage im Orient' for Tatar poem in celebration of Russian victory.)

=Erode=, Madras. 11N. 78E. Captured by British, 1768; by Hyder Ali, 1768; by General Medows, 1790.

=Erzerum=, Turkish Armenia. 40N. 41E. Taken by Seljuks, 1201; by Mogols, 1242; by Turks, 1517; by Russians, 1828, 1878; but restored to Turks, 1878. Experienced severe earthquake, 1859.

=Erzingan=, Asiatic Turkey. 40N. 40E. Home of St. Gregory. Greatly suffered from earthquake, 1774.

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