Part 10 (1/2)

KAHUMBE, CHARLES. Medical doctor, businessman, and one of the founders of the United Democratic Front (UDF), Kahumbe was born in one of the most established families in Blantyre district. Educated in the district, he went to India where he qualified as a medical doctor. On his return, he worked for the government and later opened a private practice in Blantyre. He also became a businessman, transporting fish from Lake Malawi to the urban centers. Kahumbe was personal physician and one of the princ.i.p.al advisors of President Bakili Muluzi. He remains a prominent businessman in the Blantyre area.

KAINJA, CATHERINE KATE (19502007). This academician and politician born in the Lilongwe-Dedza area emerged in the mid-1990s as one of the leading negotiators in the Malawi Congress Party (MCP) hierarchy. Kainja taught home economics at Chancellor College, University of Malawi, until 1992 when President Hastings K. Banda appointed her to his cabinet. In 1994, she was elected to Parliament and was returned in 1999. She became a member of the central executive of the MCP and one of its main strategists. She joined the governing party in 2004, becoming minister of education, science, and technology in 2005 and, in the following year, minister of women and child development. In December 2007, she pa.s.sed away at a hospital in England.

KAKHOBWE, SAM (1938 ). Born in Lilongwe, Kakhobwe went to Dedza Secondary School and the University of Lesotho, Botswana, and Swaziland at Roma, Lesotho, where he graduated with a BA. He joined the civil service in 1968, received successive promotions, and served in the foreign service before becoming secretary of the treasury. In 1985, Kakhobwe succeeded John Ngwiri as secretary to the president and cabinet and head of the civil service. Upon his dismissal from the civil service in 1987, Kakhobwe joined Farming and Electrical Services, one of the large commercial firms in Blantyre. After the 1994 elections, he became chairman of the Privatization Commission of Malawi, and in 2005 he was appointed as executive director of the Malawi Social Action Fund (MASAF).

KALESO, REV. PETER. For some months in 1992 and 1993, this activist church minister of the Blantyre synod went underground because of the fear of arrest by President Hastings K. Banda's security forces. Later he became a member of the Public Affairs Committee (PAC), a founder of the Alliance for Democracy (AFORD), and then a leading official of the United Democratic Front (UDF) Party. In 1994, he was appointed amba.s.sador to South Africa and, in 1999, he was elected to the National a.s.sembly as a member for Mulanje Southeast. He became deputy speaker of the National a.s.sembly and then minister of trade and industry. In January 2004, President Bakili Muluzi sacked him from this position and, by 2006, he had lost his influence in national politics. In April 2011, he became a founding executive member of Joyce Banda's People's Party.

KALIATI, PATRICIA (1945 ). One of the most prominent female politicians in early 21st century Malawi, Kaliati was born in Mulanje district and trained as a teacher and a community development worker. After teaching at a number of schools, she went into politics in 1999, stood for the Mulanje West const.i.tuency on the United Democratic Front Party ticket, and became a member of the National a.s.sembly. President Bakili Muluzi appointed her as deputy minister of health (20004), deputy minister of national public events (20024), and deputy minister of local government (2004). In the 2004 general elections, she was returned to the National a.s.sembly and appointed as minister of information and tourism. In the following year, she joined President Bingu wa m.u.t.h.arika's new political organization, the Democratic Progressive Party, and retained her portfolio which, in May 2007, was redesignated as minister of information and civic education. After retaining her seat in May 2009, Kaliati was appointed minister of gender, child development, and community. In July 2010, she was dropped from the cabinet and, in the following month, the Anti-Corruption Bureau announced that it was investigating her on alleged corrupt practices. In September the following year, she was reappointed to the cabinet as minister of information and civic education and, in this capacity, she was also to serve at the government's main spokesperson.

KALILOMBE, REV. PATRICK AUGUSTINE, WF (1933 ). Emeritus bishop of Lilongwe, and the first Malawian clergyman to join the White Fathers order of the Catholic Church, Patrick Kalilombe was born near Mua in Dedza district. He lectured in scripture at Kachebere Major Seminary, where he later became rector of the inst.i.tution. In 1972, he became the first Malawian bishop of Lilongwe diocese, replacing Bishop Joseph Fady, who had headed the Lilongwe diocese since 1951. In 1976, Kalilombe went on leave to lecture and study. Three years later, he resigned as bishop of Lilongwe and began lecturing at the Selly Oak Colleges in Birmingham, England. A frequent commentator and prolific writer on Christian churches in Africa, Bishop Kalilombe remains one of the most highly respected theologians in Africa. Although now retired, he continues to write, and his many publications include Black Catholics Speak: Reflections on Experience, Faith, and Theology (1991) and Doing Theology at the Gra.s.sroots: Theological Essays from Malawi (1999).

KALINGA, JATO VINCENT DADEYO MSULA (19222001). The first Malawian executive secretary of the Christian Service Committee of the Churches of Malawi (CSC), Jato Kalinga was born at Bupigu in Ulambya, Chitipa district, in September 1922. He attended local schools before going to Mwenilondo in Karonga and Livingstonia, where he qualified as a teacher. He taught at Livingstonia and in Chitipa. In 1949, he was in the early group of the new higher grade teachers' course at Domasi and, upon graduation two years later, was appointed headmaster of Ulambya Primary School, the only full primary school in the old Karonga district in 1951. In 1955, Kalinga became a.s.sistant inspector of schools, first stationed at Mzuzu and, a year later, at Karonga. From 1957 to 1958, he studied at Bristol University, England, and for the next seven years was the inspector of schools for Karonga district, and then district education officer. He also worked at Mzimba and at the Ministry of Education headquarters before becoming regional education officer for the north; he served in the same capacity in the central and southern regions. In 1972, Kalinga retired from the civil service and joined the Christian Service Committee as administrative secretary; two years later, he took over the heads.h.i.+p of the organization from Rev. Thomas Colvin. He retired from the CSC in 1978 to farm in Chitipa and became active in the Livingstonia synod. He died at Karonga on 28 August 2001.

KALONGA. This was the t.i.tle of the rulers of the Maravi state system. In everyday chiChewa, it means leader.

KALUA, BENNY KAVINS KAMLEPO. This former employee of Malawi Hotels Ltd. became famous in 1991 and 1992 when, as an exile in South Africa, he used Channel Africa of the South African Broadcasting Corporation to campaign against Dr. Hastings Banda's government. He became leader of the Malawi Democratic Party (MDP) and was its presidential candidate in 1994, receiving 0.52 percent of the vote. In 1999, he stood again as the MDP's candidate for the presidency and, as in 1994, only a small percentage voted for him. In 2004, he stood unsuccessfully as a member of Parliament for Rumphi East. He has remained active in national politics.

KALULUMA. Located in northern Kasungu district, this area is ruled by chiefs of the same name. The original Kaluluma, part of the Maravi expansion in the 17th century, settled among Tumbuka clans, including the Kanyinji, Nyirongo, and Zimba, all of whom lived without central authority. In spite of resistance, Kaluluma eventually succeeded in establis.h.i.+ng himself as the new ruler of the area.

KAMENYA BROTHERS. This was an a cappella group from Dedza district comprising diehard Malawi Congress Party (MCP) loyalists who would sing for Dr. Hastings Banda whenever he toured the central region. Their lyrics almost always threatened death to people, especially those like Kanyama Chiume, who were in exile and were suspected of plotting against Banda and his MCP government.

KAMUNGU, LEONARD MATTIYA (18771913). One of the first African clergymen of the Universities' Mission to Central Africa (UMCA), Kamungu was born at Mayendayenda in Chia, on the eastern side of Lake Malawi. When the UMCA opened a school at Chia in 1887, Kamungu was among its initial pupils, and one of his teachers was Augustine Ambali. He later went to the Likoma Island school, which had been recently established by Rev. Chauncy Maples. In 1890, he was baptized and took the name Matthias; in the same year, he and a group of other African students left for St. Andrews, Kiungani, Zanzibar, for further education. He completed his studies at St. Andrews in 1897 and returned to Likoma as an a.s.sistant to Rev. Arthur Glossop, who had arrived on the island four years earlier.

Toward the end of the following year, Bishop John Edward Hine made him reader, and in 1899, Kamungu and a few others returned to Kiungani to prepare for the deaconate. He returned from Zanzibar at the end of 1900 and was posted to Mponda's area at the southern tip of Lake Nyasa to teach and gain some pastoral experience. In November 1902, Bishop Gerard Trower ordained Kamungu as deacon, with the ceremony taking place at Chia. Thereafter, he worked at Lungwena and Fort Maguire, mainly Yao and Islamic areas, at Nkhotakota, and, from 1911, at Msoro near Chipata in the Luangwa Valley, Northern Rhodesia (Zambia). A few years before going to Msoro, Kamungu had been ordained and, throughout his life, he stuck to his vows of celibacy, which he had taken before Bishop Hine when he became deacon. On 27 February 1913, Father Leonard Kamungu and his cook died, apparently from poisoning. The Anglican community still regards him as one of the most devoted clergymen to work in the Lake MalawiZambezia region, and in 1969, the synod of the diocese of Malawi declared him a martyr.

KAMUZU ACADEMY. Located at Mtunthama, Hastings K. Banda's birthplace, named after him and modeled on English public schools, the academy was established as a high school for exceptional students. In Banda's time, one girl and two boys from each district of the country were selected to attend the school, and the fees were paid by the government. Students had to pa.s.s the national primary school examination with a very high grade. Others had to write an entry examination set by the school. Built with government money, its board of governors, the headmaster, and the teaching staff had to be personally approved by Dr. Banda. The board, always headed by a Malawian, was international in composition but the teaching staff was exclusively of European origin, mostly British, because Banda believed that most Africans did not understand Latin and ancient Greek, a prerequisite for appointment to a teaching job. Banda insisted that students at the academy had to be taught cla.s.sics, which he argued was an essential part of a good education. The salaries of teachers and the general conditions of employment were much better than those of teachers in government schools and in the University of Malawi.

Since the change of government in 1994, the Kamuzu Academy has received less government subventions, has Malawian teachers, and charges very high fees. Students still write qualifying examinations but, since only those who can afford the fees apply, it is increasingly becoming a school for the elite in Malawi and neighboring countries such as Zambia and Tanzania. President Bingu wa m.u.t.h.arika has returned to the original system, sending two students from every district annually to the academy at government expense.

KAMUZU COLLEGE OF NURSING. See EDUCATION; UNIVERSITY OF MALAWI.

KAMWAMBI, GARNET THOMAS NGUBOLA. Author and a leading commentator on Malawi public affairs, Kamwambi was born in Karonga district and, after graduating from Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia, in the late 1960s, he worked as a statistician in the Malawi government's Department of Statistical Surveys. From the early 1970s to early 1994, he worked outside Malawi, mostly for the United Nations Population Fund. During Bakili Muluzi's presidency, Kamwambi was a member of the Malawi Electoral Commission. In February 2010, the police arrested Kamwambi at Karonga boma and took him to the police headquarters in Lilongwe where the inspector general of police, Peter Mukhito, questioned him in connection with his recently published book The Real State of the Malawi Nation 50 Years after 1958, in which he criticized government policies, including the quota system. He was sent back to Karonga where he was to report to the police once every month, and was warned that he faced the possibility of being charged with sedition.

KAMWANA, ELLIOT. See CHIRWA, ELIOT MUSOKWA KAMWANA.

KAMWANA, MAC J. (19351984). The first Malawian head of the Malawi police force and son of a much respected Dutch Reformed Church clergyman, Mac Kamwana was born at Kamwana, Dowa district, on 26 June 1935. He went to local primary schools before attending Kongwe Secondary School and went on to the Police Training College (PTC) in 1953. A bright and dedicated policemen, he became a tutor at the police school from 1957 to 1962. Kamwana served in various districts before returning to the PTC four years later, this time as supervisor of the advanced training wing. In 1967, he was promoted to the rank of superintendent and was also appointed deputy commandant of the college; in the following year, he completed a course at the Scottish Police College at Tulliallan and, upon his return to Malawi, he took command of the PTC, becoming the first Malawian to do so.

In 1969, Kamwana was promoted to senior superintendent and moved to the southern division as second in charge. A year later he was promoted again, this time to a.s.sistant commissioner of police, administration. After attending a command course in Great Britain later that year, he received yet another promotion, as deputy commissioner of police. In 1972, Kamwana was appointed commissioner of police, the first Malawian to head the nation's police force. By the time he retired in 1982, the position of commissioner had been redesignated as inspector general of police.

KAMWENDO, JOHN (1936?). John Kamwendo became a youth activist in the Nyasaland African Congress (NAC) and its successor, the Malawi Congress Party (MCP). Later, he worked for the MCP headquarters and even managed the party newspaper, the Malawi News. In 1967, Kamwendo was elected mayor of Blantyre, becoming the first African to occupy this position. He was also group general manager of the Press Holdings Group of companies and, when he lost that position in late 1974, he became an independent businessman.

KAMWENDO, MIKE. Educated in the United States, singer, writer, and journalist, Mike Kamwendo returned to Malawi in 1972 to work as a producer for the Malawi Broadcasting Corporation (MBC). In 1976, he joined the Blantyre Newspapers, and a year later, he was appointed editor of the Malawi News. In January 1979, he became managing editor of the Blantyre Newspapers, which now incorporated the Daily Times and the Malawi News. In the mid-1980s, Kamwendo became an independent journalist, although he returned to the Blantyre Newspapers for a brief period. In the 1990s, he became editor of the Daily Times again, and, by 2005, he was a public relations officer in the office of the president and cabinet. In 2006, he was transferred to the Ministry of Information and Civic Education, where he became director of public relations.

KANADA. Famous head of the guerrilla-type force behind Henry Chipembere's attempt to overthrow Hastings K. Banda's government in 1965. Like Medson Silombela, government forces found Kanada elusive, and security captured him only after he had killed a man at his girlfriend's home.

KANDODO. A chain of retail stores, which, by the late 1950s, had been set up in most parts of Malawi, thereby establis.h.i.+ng major compet.i.tion with the Mandala stores of the African Lakes Company (ALC) and with Asian retail shop owners. Kandodo's parent group was the London & Blantyre Supply Company, a general dealer and import and export firm, which began operation in Malawi in the mid-1920s. In the early 1970s, most Kandodo stores were taken over by Press Holdings, a predecessor of Press Corporation Ltd., and by the late 1990s, those in BlantyreLimbe, Zomba, and Lilongwe closed. The name Kandodo derives from the walking stick (ndodo) that one of the first Europeans a.s.sociated with the firm used.

KANDONDO, KEN EDWARD. Grandnephew of Hastings K. Banda and Malawi's minister of finance since June 2009, he broke with the family's long relations.h.i.+p with the Malawi Congress Party and joined the opposition Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) of Bingu wa m.u.t.h.arika in 2006. In the May 2009 elections, he successfully contested the Kasungu central const.i.tuency on the DPP ticket and, in June, became minister of finance, replacing Goodall Gondwe. Prior to becoming a member of the National a.s.sembly, Kandodo, an accountant trained in Great Britain, was head of the National Food Reserve Agency. In Sepember 2011, Kandondo was dropped from the cabinet.

KANTIKI, MATHIAS. This author, educationist, noted authority on chiChewa, and Catholic layman was born in Ntcheu district and was one of the first students at the Catholic Secondary School in Zomba. He trained as a teacher and, in 1948, was among the first Malawians to attend an education course at the Inst.i.tute of Education in London. On his return, he was appointed inspector of schools and served in the Department of Education until he retired in a senior capacity in 1972. Kantiki also served as education secretary general for the Catholic Church in Malawi.

KANSILANGA, REV. MISANJO. This former senior clerk of the general synod of the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian became a major player in the democratization of Malawi in the early 1990s. As secretary of the Public Affairs Committee (PAC), he was central in the communications between the government, on the one hand, and the churches and the general public, on the other.

KANYAYA, ADAMSON AKOGO (1930 ). Politician and leader of the Malawi Democratic Union (MDU), Kanyaya was born in Mulare, Karonga district. He attended schools in Karonga and Livingstonia and studied by correspondence for the General Certificate of Education (GCE) O level. He worked as a civil servant, mainly in various clerical jobs, and in 1958 returned to his home district where he became a political activist and was elected district secretary of the Nyasaland African Congress (NAC). He was detained during Operation Sunrise and spent a year and a half at Khami prison in Southern Rhodesia. Upon his release, he was employed by the Kilupula Rice Growers Co-operative Union. From July 1961 to July 1962, Kanyaya studied at the Lakehead College of Art, Science and Technology, Port Arthur, Canada. In 1963, he was elected as a member of Parliament for Karonga South. Following the Cabinet Crisis of 1964, he went into exile in Zambia. Later he trained in guerrilla warfare and, in 1967, was one of the people who formed the Yatuta Chisiza group that tried to overthrow Hastings Banda's government. He escaped capture and went to Zambia. In 1993, Kanyaya returned to Malawi as leader of the Malawi Democratic Union and contested the elections in the following year. He lost but was appointed to the cabinet for just over two years, and soon afterward retired from active politics.

KANYENDA. This is the t.i.tle of the rulers of the northern lakesh.o.r.e area of Nkhotakota district. The original Kanyenda arrived in the region, probably toward the end of the 16th or early 17th century as part of the Maravi expansion. He and Kabunduli went northward. The latter moved beyond the Luweya River to the region bordering the Viphya Highlands, settling among the Tonga and some Tumbuka speakers. Kanyenda settled in the southern Tonga area.

KANYUMBA, LUCIUS GRANDSON (1972 ). Businessman, farmer, member of the National a.s.sembly for Ntcheu Bwanje South, Kanyumba was educated at St. Kizito Seminary in Dedza district and at Chancellor College, University of Malawi, majoring in biology. He went on to graduate school, obtaining an MSc in environmental sciences in 1995. Later, he returned to the University of Malawi to study environmental science and received his PhD. In 1995, Kanyumba became a teacher at Balaka Secondary School and, the following year, he was appointed as the executive director of the Andiamo Youth Cooperative Trust, a Catholic Church development agency based at Balaka. In 2005, he joined the new Democratic Progressive Party, and in 2008 became its governor for the eastern region (Mangochi, Balaka, Machinga, and Zomba). In February 2009, Kanyumba was elevated to the National Governing Council of the party, where he occupied the office of second director of youth. In May of that year, he won the Ntcheu Bwanje South const.i.tuency and in June was appointed minister of youth development and sports. On 7 September 2011, he became minister of labour.

KAPALEPALE. See LIKAYA-MBEWE, SMART.

KAPENI. A towns.h.i.+p in Blantyre that derives its name from the Yao chief, Kapeni, who ruled the Blantyre area in the years before the Europeans arrived. It was Chief Kapeni who in 1876 played host to Henry Henderson and his guide, Tom Bokwito, and directed them to the site where the Blantyre Mission was built. Of the Mangoche section of the Yao, Kapeni himself had in the late 1860s wrestled free from the indigenous Mang'anja ruler, Kankomba.

KAPHWITI. Sometime in the 16th century, Kaphwiti and his sibling, Lundu, spearheaded the Maravi expansion southward to the Lower s.h.i.+re region. Initially, Kaphwiti, senior to Lundu, set up his headquarters at Malawi-ya-Kaphwiti on the Mkurumadzi River, but later moved to Mbewe-ya-Nyungu, from where he ruled most of the Lower s.h.i.+re Valley. However, in the last quarter of the 16th century, Kaphwiti lost most of his authority to Lundu who, most likely determined to control the ivory trade, expanded westward to the Lolo and Makua country in the west and the Sena area southward toward the confluence of the s.h.i.+re and Zambezi rivers.

KAPITO, JOHN (1955 ). Leading consumer advocate in postHastings Banda Malawi, John Kapito is the executive director of the Consumers a.s.sociation of Malawi (CAMA) and a founding board member of Malawi Health Equity Network (MHEN). Kapito is an outspoken tobacco control advocate and a persistent campaigner against smoking and the reliance of Malawi on a tobacco-based economy, which, according to his organization, tends to give undue influence to the tobacco industry. He has also been critical of child labor in Malawi and, in 2006, President Bingu wa m.u.t.h.arika appointed him as one of the six commissioners of the Malawi Human Rights Commission.

KAPOCHE. The region around this tributary of the Zambezi River const.i.tuted the core of Undi's authority.

KARIM, ZEENAT JANET. Fearless journalist and founding editor of the Independent, Janet Karim, daughter of Wales Nyemba Mbekeani, accompanied her father to different parts of the world where he was in the diplomatic service. In the 1970s, she attended the University of Malawi, graduating with a BA (Hons.) degree. She worked for various organizations and, when the political atmosphere began to change in Malawi, Karim founded the Independent, which became a major critic of government policies. In the early 2000s, she worked as an independent consultant in media and gender, was an activist in the Society of Women Living with AIDS, founded the Malawi Media Women's a.s.sociation (MAMWA), and, with the help of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), established the Dzimwe Community Radio. She also became a talk show host for Capital Radio and, in 2007, she accepted a government diplomatic appointment.

KARONGA. Home of the Ngonde people located on the northwestern sh.o.r.es of Lake Malawi, the name Karonga derives from one of the princ.i.p.al houses of the Ngonde royal family. Karonga is the name of the district as well as that of the boma. In the southern section of the district live the Tumbuka-speaking peoples under the Mwafulirwa; other Tumbuka speakers live in the Kaporo area in the north and near the boma itself. In the 1880s, Karonga became a trading base of the Swahili-Arab, Mlozi bin Kazbadema; it also became the site for a Free Church of Scotland mission station, a major commercial post of the African Lakes Company (ALC), and the eastern terminus of the Stevenson Road, which connected lakes Malawi and Tanganyika. Karonga was also the site of the conflict between the British and the Swahili-Arabs (see ARAB-SWAHILI WAR). The North Nyasa Native a.s.sociation, the first welfare and political organization in the country, was formed at Karonga in 1912. A major rice and cotton growing district, Karonga was also the home of the Kilupula Rice Growers Co-operative Union. It has a small airport and, in recent years, has been the location of the Karonga Rural Development Project, which seeks to improve yields of rice, maize, cotton, and groundnuts. See also AFRICAN WELFARE a.s.sOCIATIONS.

KARONGA WAR. See ARAB-SWAHILI WAR.

KASISI (RAMAKUKAN). Kasisi, also known as Ramakukan, was one of the Kololo from Barotseland who was recruited by Dr. David Livingstone in the 1850s and eventually stationed in the Lower s.h.i.+re where he emerged as a major political force, establis.h.i.+ng authority over the indigenous Mang'anja. Like Chipatula, he also became very involved in economic activities such as the ivory trade, selling most of the elephant tusks to the African Lakes Company and other British businesspeople who were operating in the region during the 1870s. Kasisi's relations with the Portuguese and their Chikunda retainers were uneasy and, in the 1880s, he sided with the British in their struggle with the Portuguese over control of the Lake Malawis.h.i.+re area.

KASUNGU. Located about 80 miles northwest of Nkhotakota, Kasungu is the name of the town and the district of the birthplace of Dr. Hastings Banda, the first president of Malawi, and of Rev. Hanock Phiri, founder of the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church in Malawi. Kasungu district is one of the major tobacco-growing areas of Malawi. West of the Kasungu boma is the Kasungu National Park, the largest game reserve in Malawi. Kasungu is also the home of the Kamuzu Academy.

In the 19th century, Kasungu was on the main ivoryslave trade route between Nkhotakota on Lake Malawi and the Luangwa Valley. Chulu, the most senior Chewa ruler in Kasungu, was defeated by Zwengendaba during the Ngoni journey northward. Chulu's defeat led to the emergence of Mwase Kasungu in the 1850s as the powerful chief of the area because he showed that he was prepared to provide protection when Chulu was unable to do so. In 1863, David Livingstone visited Mwase and, in 1890, Karl Wiese, representing the Portuguese, was a guest of the chief; it was Mwase who signed a treaty with Alfred Sharpe, the British vice consul, following his defeat by British forces in 1895.

KATENGA, BRIDGER (19261975). Former diplomat and senior civil servant, Bridger Katenga was born in 1926, went to school in Ndola, Zambia, and then attended the Hofmeyr School of Social Welfare in Johannesburg, South Africa. Subsequently, he worked as a welfare officer and probation officer in the colonial civil service in Malawi. Upon independence in 1964, Katenga was appointed Malawi's amba.s.sador to Ethiopia and, later, to the United Nations. On his return to Malawi he became permanent secretary for community development and social welfare. His last position was general manager and chief liaison officer of the MalawiCanada Railway Project, which oversaw the building of the railway line between the lakesh.o.r.e at Salima and the new capital at Lilongwe. See also KATENGA-KAUNDA, REID WILLIE.

KATENGA-KAUNDA, REID WILLIE (19292004). One of the founders of the United Democratic Front (UDF), long the party's secretary general, and chief of staff at Nsanjika Palace during Bakili Muluzi's presidency, Katenga-Kaunda was born in Ndola, Zambia, where his father, Gibson Amon Katenga-Kaunda, was a teacher. After Ndola Secondary School, Reid Katenga-Kaunda, brother of Bridger Katenga, returned to Malawi and worked at the Kota Kota Rice Co-operative Society. In 1963, he became one of the first students to attend the administrative officer's course at the Inst.i.tute of Public Administration, Mpemba, and upon completion in the following year, he was appointed district commissioner for Karonga, the first African to occupy that position. He spent a year at Trinity College, Oxford, after which he would hold many senior government administrative offices, including serving, twice, as high commissioner to the United Kingdom. From 1966 to 1968, he was a member of Parliament. One of the most highly regarded senior civil servants and diplomats, Katenga-Kaunda fell from President Hastings Banda's favor in 1973 and was placed under house arrest for a year. In 1975, he left the civil service and went into business. In the early 1990s, he was among the major advocates of change, and, later, he stood, unsuccessfully, for the National a.s.sembly as a UDF candidate. He became a political advisor to President Bakili Muluzi and secretary general of the UDF.

KATENGEZA, REV. NAMON. In 1924, Namon Katengeza was one of the first Africans to be ordained minister of the Dutch Reformed Church. Before training for the church ministry, he taught at several schools, including in Nkhoma and Kongwe. As a minister he served in many parts of the central region of Malawi, including Lilongwe, the district of his birth. In 1944, Katengeza dictated notes to Samuel Ntara on Chewa history, which formed the basis of Mbiri ya Chewa (1965), a cla.s.sic in Malawi's precolonial history. The Namon Katengeza Lay Training Centre at Linthipe, Dedza, in the heartland of the Nkhoma synod, is named in his honor. Among his many children was Richard Develius Katengeza, the first Malawian executive chairman of the Farmers Marketing Board.

KATENGEZA, RICHARD DEVELIUS. This politician, businessman, farmer, administrator and son of Rev. Namon Katengeza, was born in Lilongwe district, and went to local primary schools before working for Du Toit and Du Preeze Flour Mills. Katengeza was an active member of the Nyasaland African Congress (NAC) and, in 1956, unsuccessfully attempted to secure the party's nomination for a seat in the Legislative Council. However, in 1961, he was elected to Parliament but, after a short time, he was appointed chairman of the Farmers Marketing Board (see AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND MARKETING CORPORATION), the first Malawian to hold the position. Later still, he became chairman of Malawi Railways. Katengeza died in the early 1980s.

KATSONGA, CHESTER (19121986). This flamboyant businessman and controversial politician was one of the numerous Blantyre-Limbebased African entrepreneurs who emerged in the postwar period. Katsonga was mostly in the grocery and catering business, supplying food at meetings of the Provincial Council and opening food outlets in places such as the Nyasaland Railway station, Blantyre, and at the central market in that city. In 1953, he branched out into the bar business, becoming the first African to own a legally sanctioned bar in urban Nyasaland. Later, he opened the famous Helen's Bar outside Zomba. Like most Blantyre businessmen, Katsonga became active in nationalist politics, rising to the position of branch chairman of the Nyasaland African Council (NAC). In October 1960, he and Gilbert Pondeponde formed the Christian Democratic Party (CDP), for which he was much criticized and ostracized by the mainstream nationalist politicians. The Catholic Church was accused of supporting Katsonga and, because of this, the Malawi Congress Party's (MCP) paper, the Malawi News, attacked it strongly. In 1961, the CDP and Thamar D. T. Banda's Congress Liberation Party (CLP) merged to form the Christian Liberation Party. The new party failed to win seats in the 1961 elections, marking its virtual demise. However, from then onward, Katsonga concentrated on his commercial interests, including his drinking establishments, such as the popular Chester's Bar on the periphery of Zomba.

KATUMBI, CHIEF. See CHAWINGA, TIMOTHY, THEMBA KATUMBI.

KAUNDA, BILLY (1974 ). Businessman and engineering contractor, Kaunda is mostly a.s.sociated with the arts. A popular musician nationally and in the southern African region, he gravitated toward politics in the early 2000s and, in 2004, he successfully contested the Blantyre city southeast const.i.tuency as an independent. In 2005, he joined the Democratic Progressive Party and two years later, Bingu wa m.u.t.h.arika appointed him as deputy minister of tourism, wildlife, and culture. In May 2009, he was reelected to the National a.s.sembly, this time as a member for the Mzimba West const.i.tuency, and became deputy minister of youth development and sports.

KAUNDA, DAVID JULIZYA (18781932). Father of Kenneth Kaunda, Zambia's first president, David Kaunda was one of the first Nyasaland people trained at the Overtoun Inst.i.tution to be sent to Northern Rhodesia as evangelists and teachers. Son of Mtepa Kaunda and NyaChirwa, David was born in the modern Nkhata Bay district, but, at the age of 17, his mother, widowed after her husband died in battle, took her children to Elangeni, an important Ngoni settlement, which had also become a major center of Livingstonia Mission activity. One of the lay missionaries of the area was the South African William Koyi. David went to school at Elangeni and Ekwendeni before attending the Overtoun Inst.i.tution, where he trained as a teacher and also met a Karonga girl, Helen Nyirenda, sister of Robert Gwebe Nyirenda. They married in 1905 and had eight children, the youngest being Kenneth, who was born in 1924. In 1904, David Kaunda had been sent to the Chinsali area in Bemba country, Northern Rhodesia, an area where the Livingstonia Mission had been active since 1894 when they opened a mission station at Mwezo in the nearby Namw.a.n.ga-Mabwe region. In 1927, David Kaunda went back to the Overtoun to train as a minister and was ordained three years later. He died at his Lubwa base.