Part 15 (1/2)

[Ill.u.s.tration: Radial Section, life size.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Cross-section, magnified 37-1/2 diameters.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Tangential Section, life size.]

[Footnote A: Not in Jesup Collection.]

19

DOUGLAS SPRUCE. OREGON PINE. RED FIR. DOUGLAS FIR.

_Pseudotsuga mucronata_ (Rafinesque) Sudworth.

_Pseudotsuga taxifolia_ (Lambert) Britton.

_Pseudotsuga_ means false hemlock; _mucronata_ refers to abrupt short point of leaf; _taxifolia_ means yew leaf.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Habitat.]

HABITAT: (See map); best in Puget Sound region.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Leaf.]

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TREE: Height, 175'-300'; diameter, 3'-5', sometimes 10'; branches high, leaving clean trunk; bark, rough, gray, great broad-rounded ridges, often appears braided; leaves, radiating from stem; cones, 2”-4” long.

APPEARANCE OF WOOD: Color, light red to yellow, sap-wood white; non-porous; rings, dark colored, conspicuous, very p.r.o.nounced summer wood; grain, straight, coa.r.s.e; rays, numerous, obscure; resinous.

PHYSICAL QUALITIES: Weight, medium (41st in this list); 32 lbs. per cu. ft, sp. gr. 0.5157; strong (21st in this list); very elastic (10th in this list); medium hard (45th in this list); shrinkage, 3 per cent.

or 4 per cent.;, warps ...............; durable; difficult to work, flinty, splits readily.

COMMON USES: Heavy construction, masts, flag poles, piles, railway ties.

REMARKS: One of the greatest and the most valuable of the western timber trees. Forms extensive forests.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Radial Section, life size.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Cross-section, magnified 37-1/2 diameters.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Tangential Section, life size.]

20

GRAND FIR. WHITE FIR. LOWLAND FIR. SILVER FIR.

_Abies grandis_ Lindley.

_Abies_, the cla.s.sical Latin name.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Habitat.]