Part 14 (1/2)

REMARKS: A valuable lumber tree in the Rocky Mountains and the Cascades. Bark used for tanning.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Radial Section, life size.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Cross-section, magnified 37-1/2 diameters].

[Ill.u.s.tration: Tangential Section, life size.]

16

TIDELAND SPRUCE. SITKA SPRUCE.

_Picea sitchensis_ (Bongard) Carrire.

_Picea_, the cla.s.sical Latin name for the pitch pine.

Tideland refers to its habit of growth along the sea coast; _sitchensis_, named for Sitka.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Habitat.]

HABITAT: (See map); best on Pacific slope of British Columbia and northwestern United States.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Leaf.]

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TREE: Height, 100'-150' and even 200' high; diameter 3'-4' and even 15'; trunk base enlarged; bark, thick, red-brown, scaly; leaves, standing out in all directions; cones, 2-1/2”-4” long, pendent, cylindrical, oval.

APPEARANCE OF WOOD: Color, light brown, sap-wood whitish; non-porous; rings, wide, summer wood, thin but very distinct, spring wood, not plain; grain, straight, coa.r.s.e; rays, numerous, rather prominent; resin ducts, few and small.

PHYSICAL QUALITIES: Weight, light (52d in this list); 27 lbs. per cu.

ft.; sp. gr. 0.4287; medium strong (53d in this list); elastic (31st in this list); soft (59th in this list); shrinkage, 3 per cent.; warps ...........; durable; easy to work; splits easily.

COMMON USES: Interior finish, boat building and cooperage.

REMARKS: Largest of the spruces. Common in the coast belt forest.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Radial Section, life size.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Cross-section, magnified 37-1/2 diameters.]

[Ill.u.s.tration: Tangential Section, life size.]

17

HEMLOCK.

_Tsuga canadensis_ (Linnaeus) Carrire.

_Tsuga_, the j.a.panese name latinized; _canadensis_ named for Canada.

[Ill.u.s.tration: Habitat.]