Part 44 (1/2)

”Yes, it's the largest of the flatfish. There's a record of one halibut having been caught weighing a trifle over five hundred pounds. Usually a fish one-fifth of that size is considered large.”

”Flatfish are funny creatures,” said Colin. ”I've often wondered how the eyes in various species wander around in their heads.”

”Other people have wondered, too,” said his companion.

”Well, but we know something about it, don't we?” protested the lad.

”Aren't the eyes all right in the young fish?”

”Certainly,” was the reply, ”and, what's more, the young fish swims upright.”

”How does the eye move round, then? Does the eye on one side go blind and another one grow on?”

”No,” answered his friend; ”your first idea was the right one, the eye moves round. But, as a matter of fact, it goes through the body. The young flatfish is thin and almost transparent, and when it begins to be time for the eye to change from one side of the body to the other it sinks in. A thin, transparent skin grows over the socket and the eye sinks in and in, the bones moving away from before it, until it has come near the proper place on the other side. Then a new socket opens for the eye, and it finally arrives at the end of its journey through the head, thus coming on the same side as the other eye. At the same time, too, the flatfish gets the habit of swimming on its side, and its color scheme changes, one side--which has become the bottom--being white, while the upper side is dark and spotted to look like the stones on the bottom of the sea.”

”What do flatfish eat?”

”Everything,” was the reply, ”from a clam to a codfish. But the favorite food of the halibut, for instance, is sting-ray, and consequently it is a good friend of the oysterman; where there is plenty of halibut, there will be few sting-rays, and these last are destructive to a good oyster-bed.”

”It seems to me,” said Colin, ”that the whole story of the seas is that fish eat fish, while the few that escape from their own kind are gobbled up by seagulls and terns and other birds.”

”Yet,” said the other, smiling, ”the birds don't have it all their own way. Sometimes the fish gobble them!”

”Can they eat birds?”

”It's a little rare,” was the reply, ”but there's one authentic case on record in which a fish's stomach was found to contain no less than seven wild ducks.”

”Why, I always thought that fish had a small mouth in proportion to their size. It must have been a monstrous big one!”

”It was not much more than four feet long,” was the reply; ”but it is one of the few fishes having a huge mouth. They sometimes call it a goosefish, because it attacks wild geese, but the right name is fis.h.i.+ng-frog or angler. It glides along the bottom until directly beneath where ducks are feeding, and when one dives for worms in the mud--you know the way ducks go down--the angler catches it by the neck and drags it down and then swallows it at leisure. You see the bird hasn't a chance, because all the angler-fish has to do is to hold it until it strangles.”

This led to a discussion of the food of fishes, and under the spur of the boy's questions, the scientist outlined for him the dietary of almost every fish that swims, together with all the various ways in which water is aerated, such as the growth of water-plants and the currents of streams.

”It still seems to me,” said Colin, ”that nearly every fish lives by fighting some other fish. It's a wonder,” he added, with a laugh, ”that there aren't some professional fighters among them.”

”There are,” his friend replied; ”that is to say, in the sense you mean.

There's a fish which is called the fighting-fish, that is regularly trained by the fishermen, and the combats are so famous that when one is scheduled to come off a big crowd gathers.”

”Where?” asked Colin incredulously. ”That sounds a little as if you thought I was one of the marines, Dr. Jimson.”

”It is absolutely the case,” was the reply. ”And, what is more, they advertise these fights widely and get big gate receipts, just like a baseball game here. The sum of money taken in for admissions, too, has become so large that the Crown refuses to allow the fights to be held unless a certain percentage is paid over to the king.”

”Where can that be?”

”In Siam,” was the reply. ”The fighting-fish is distantly related to the perch, but it has been used for public combats for so long that it has become highly specialized. It is really a sort of gamec.o.c.k among fish, and the money expended in licenses in Siam brings in a comfortable revenue to the Crown. The owner of a champion fighting-fish never needs to work for a living, he can easily be supported by the winnings of his possession. Often a fish or a team of fishes is owned by a village and the rivalry between communities is intense. The Siamese are inveterate gamblers, also, and in more than one instance the Siamese Government has had to send supplies to a village which was threatened with famine because all the villagers had lost their crops through betting upon the success of their team of fighting-fish.”

”You say it's a kind of perch?”

”Only distantly,” was the reply; ”it belongs to a very curious group of fishes which cannot live long in the water unless they can breathe air once in a while, nor can they live very long in air, unless they breathe water occasionally. The fish that climbs tall trees is a member of the same sub-order.”

”You mean the skippy?”