Part 11 (2/2)

See Prisoner's Dilemma by William Poundstone (New York: Doubleday, 1992) to find out ame theory in the cold war For an analysis of poker models by Emile Borel, Von Neumann, John Nash, and Lloyd Shapley, see chapter 12 of Ken Binton: D C Heath, 1992) This is the san team for the UK 3G auction

The United States spectru Spectruhts,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 8, no 3 (Su the Airwaves Auction,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 10, no 1 (Winter 1996): 15975 McMillan also draws lessons from failures in Australia and New Zealand The collusion theory is explained in The Economist, ”Economics Brief,” May 17, 1997 Not all economists believe that this was the result of collusion3-it may also have been a dran team for the UK auction was asse and Social Equilibriu and elseeconuclacuk/research/spectrumshtml for papers and contem-porary press Paul Klemperer's Auctions: Theory and Practice (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004), especially chapter 6, contains a wealth of material on the spectrum auctions The book describes (187) analysts' forecasts of the auction revenues (25bn); the auction raised five to ten times this amount It also contains Kleinally published as ”The Wrong Culprit for Telecom Trouble,” Financial Times, November 26, 2002

William Vickrey's classic paper on auctions is ”Counterspeculation, Auctions and Competitive Sealed Tenders,” Journal of Finance 16 (March 1961): 837

Bulow and Klemperer's paper on the otiations is ”Auctions vs Negotiations,” American Economic Review (March 1996): 18094 Also available at paulkle

The UK auction history is still available at ofcoindexhtm

Chapter 8

Cameroon's level of corruption is rated by Transparency International at transparencyorg

Robert Lucas's rowth is from ”On the Mechanics of Economic Developitimacy of Cameroon's electoral process is ato Sam, Biya's most recent mandate had been to win 93 percent of the votes in the 1997 presidential election, which was boycotted by the opposition In October 2004, after I had visited Cameroon, Biya won another election with around 75 percent of the vote Many external observers regarded the election as reasonably fair (see newsbbccouk/1/hi/world/africa/3746686stm) BBC reporters were skeptical; they concluded that many people were unaware of the election or did not vote because they felt their vote would not count The BBC reported short lines at the polls despite official reports of a high turnout The nu-age population of eight million newsbbccouk/1/hi/world/africa/3732512stm My own pessi to Cameroonian citizens who, like Sam, believe it to be a sham

Mancur Olson's theories are expounded in his Power and Prosperity (New York: Basic Books, 2000) The World BankBusiness” reports, rruworldbankorg/DoingBusiness/

All you ever wanted to know about Nepalese dams is in Elinor Ostrom, ”Incentives, Rules of the Game, and Development” (Annual Bank Conference of Development Economics, World Bank, May 1995); Nepal is now in a state of civil war and there are other reasons for civil servants not to leave Kathh, it was tediued the comparisons to illustrate how tiny African econoains fron Direct Invest paper no 82-02, Korean Development Institute, June 1982)

Cameroon's trade barriers from World Develop/data/wdi2001/pdfs/tab6_6pdf

Chapter 9

Globalization and trade has been the subject of some excellent books in recent years, and ideas and statistics in this chapter are drawn liberally from Martin Wolf's Why Globalization Works (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004), Philippe Legrain's Open World (London: Abacus, 2002), Douglas Irwin's Free Trade Under Fire (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002), and Jagdish Bhagwati's Free Trade Today (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002) David Friedman's book Hidden Order (New York: Harpercollins, 1996, 6577) contains an excellent chapter on trade theory

E O Wilson's discussion of hoenization is froe See Wilson's Consilience-The Unity of Knowledge (London: Abacus, 2003), 304

The original paper proving that a tax on imports is a tax on exports is Abba P Lerner's ”The Syust 1936): 30613

I leave to one side discussion of ical transfers You can find out more in Martin Wolf 's Why Globalization Works or in a speech by Stanley Fischer, ”Globalization and its challenges” iiecom/ fischer/pdf/fischer011903pdf (delivered to the American Economics association, January 3, 2003)

Vandana shi+va's view on environ with Global Capitalism,” Will Hutton and Anthony Giddens, eds, cited in Philippe Legrain's Open World (London: Abacus, 2002)

Statistics on the cleanliness of US investment overseas from the American Census Bureau and frorain, Open World Figure 6 is fron Invest Countries,” Journal of Environment and Developupta et al, ”Confronting the Environmental Kuznets Curve,” Journal of Econoricultural subsidies see Martin Wolf, ”Weeding Out Subsidies,” Financial Tilas Irwin, Free Trade Under Fire, 6162

Jonah Peretti tells his story in ”My Nike Media Adventure,” The Nation, March 22, 2001, thenationcom/docmhtml?i=20010409&s=peretti The Sman, ”In Praise of Cheap Labor,” Slate, Thursday, March 20, 1997, webman//smokeyhtml News of the landslide came from The Economist, July 13, 2000 William Greider explains his support of New York's rules on imported clothes in ”No to Global Sweatshops,” The Nation, April 19, 2001, thenationcolas Irwin and Philippe Legrain both have good arguments and data to support the view that multinationals pay more and offer better conditions than local firms

The political econoawa, japan, described by Janet E Hunter, The Elas Irwin in Free Trade Under Fire, chapter 5

The BBC has covered the fate of the poor coffee farmers in depth:newsbbccouk/1/hi/business/1493104stust 15, 2001); newsbbccouk/1/hi/business/1333204stm (”Coffee Farmers Face Destitution,” May 16, 2001); newsbbccouk/1/hi/business/ 1488758stust 16, 2001);newsbbccouk/1/hi/business/1608356stm (”Coffee Cartel Shuts Up Shop,” October 19, 2001)

Other sources for statistics: Job creation and destruction in the United States, from Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2004

The Duke of Westricultural handout, from ”Oxfam calls for EU reform” newsbbccouk/1/hi/uk_politics/4374655stm, BBC Online News, March 23, 2005

Various estilas Irwin's Free Trade Under Fire, 3048

Data on trade barriers from World Develop/data/wdi2001/pdfs/tab6_6pdf

Other trade statistics froanization, 2001

Chapter 10

The effects of Mao's ”great leap forward” are discussed by J M Roberts in Penguin History of the World (London: Penguin, 1995), 1013, and especially Jonathan Glover, Humanity: A Moral History of the 20th Century (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999) John Kay tells the story of Khrushchev's great experiuin Press, 2003), 88

A symposiu 1994) is a wonderful analysis of Deng's refor China's move to the market”; Shahid Yusuf, ”China's Macroecono transition”; and Gary Jefferson and Thomas Rawski, ”Enterprise reform in Chinese industry” Other invaluable resources are Barry Naughton, Growing Out of the Plan (Cae University Press, 1995); Justin Yifu Lin, ”Rural reforrowth in China,” American Econoer, ”The People's Republic of China at 50: The Economy,” in The People's Republic of China After 50 Years, ed Richard Louis Edmonds (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999) More recent views on China co,” Financial Tihes Hale, ”China takes off,” Foreign Affairs 86, no 6 (Nov/Dec 2003)