Part 21 (2/2)

5 In his now-classic refor eworth, ”Mathematical Psychics: An Essay on the Application of MatKean Paul, 1881), reprinted in Mathematical Psychics and Other Essays Mathematical Psychics and Other Essays (Mountain Center, Calif: Jaraduate student I was struck by the contrast between cooperative gaarded as already present in Edgeworth and noncooperative theory which was present in Cournot,” Martin Shubik, (Mountain Center, Calif: Jaraduate student I was struck by the contrast between cooperative gaarded as already present in Edgeworth and noncooperative theory which was present in Cournot,” Martin Shubik, Collected Works, Collected Works, forthcoeworth's life and contributions, see Heilbroner, op cit, pp 17476, and John Maynard Keynes, ”Obituary of Francis Isidro Edgeworth, March 26, 1926,” reprinted in Edgeworth, op cit forthcoeworth's life and contributions, see Heilbroner, op cit, pp 17476, and John Maynard Keynes, ”Obituary of Francis Isidro Edgeworth, March 26, 1926,” reprinted in Edgeworth, op cit

6 Fleilbroner, op cit, p 173

7 Ibid, p 174

8 Edgeworth, op cit

9 Ibid

10 Ibid

11 Harsanyi, op cit

12 John von Neuenstern, The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, The Theory of Gaarded as a nonzero-su Probleenstern's theory of ga theory, their own analysis of two-person bargaining ga theory of neoclassical econo,” op cit, pp 5657 op cit, p 9 ”It a Probleenstern's theory of ga theory, their own analysis of two-person bargaining ga theory of neoclassical econo,” op cit, pp 5657

13 See, for example, Robert J Leonard, ”From Parlor Games to Social Science,” op cit, for a history of the axiomatic approach, and a superb interpretive discussion of ”axiomatics” in Robert J Auate, and Peter Newrave, op cit, pp 2628 op cit, pp 2628

14 Von Neuenstern used the axiomatic enstern utilities in the second, 1947, edition of The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior The Theory of Games and Economic Behavior The first application to a problem in social sciences, I believe, was Kenneth J Arrow's PhD thesis The first application to a problem in social sciences, I believe, was Kenneth J Arrow's PhD thesis Social Choice and Individual Values Social Choice and Individual Values (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1951) Lloyd S Shapley's ”A Value of N-Person Games,” (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1951) Lloyd S Shapley's ”A Value of N-Person Games,” Contributions to the Theory of Games II Contributions to the Theory of Games II (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1953), pp 30717, is another stellar example (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1953), pp 30717, is another stellar exa Problem,” op cit, p 155

16 John Nash, Les Prix nobel 1994, Les Prix nobel 1994, op cit, pp 27677 op cit, pp 27677

17 The sketch of Bart Hoselitz is based on an intervieith his friend Shero, 795, and questionnaires, letters, and a curriculuie-Mellon University archives

18 This bit of history about international trade theory after World War II was supplied by Kenneth Rogoff, professor of economics, Princeton University, interview

19 John Nash, Les Prix nobel 1994, Les Prix nobel 1994, op cit, pp 17677 op cit, pp 17677

20 Nash told Myerson that he was inspired by a probleer Myerson, professor of economics, Northwestern University', interview, 8797

21 Myerson, e-mail, 81197

22 Letter from John Nash to Martin Shubik, undated (written in 1950 or 1951)

23 Harold Kuhn was for many years convinced that Nash had mailed a copv of his first draft to von Neuie Also intervieith David Gale, 92095, and William Browder, 12696

24 After historian Robert Leonard published the established version of the origins of the paper in ”Reading Cournot, Reading Nash: The Creation and Stabilisation of the Nash Equilibrium,” The Economic Journal, The Economic Journal, no 164 (May 1994), p 497, Nash corrected the record at a lunch with Harold Kuhn and Roger Myerson, 596, Kuhn, personal communication, 596 no 164 (May 1994), p 497, Nash corrected the record at a lunch with Harold Kuhn and Roger Myerson, 596, Kuhn, personal co Problem,” op cit, p 155

26 John Nash, Les Prix nobel 1994, Les Prix nobel 1994, op cit, p 277 op cit, p 277

10: Nash's Rival Idea

1 Harold Kuhn, interview, 41497

2 Albert William Tucker, interview, 1094

3 The beer party scene was reconstructed from the recollections of Melvin Hausner, 2696, Martin Davis, 22096, and Hartley Rogers, 11696, who attended several such parties in the course of their graduate school careers

4 Davis, interview

5 Ibid Aly, Davis was able, forty years later, to recall the entire song, a few lines of which are given here, interview

6 Kuhn, interview, 41697

7 Ibid

8 Henri Poincare, quoted in E T Bell, Men of Mathematics, Men of Mathematics, op cit, p 551 op cit, p 551

9 John Nash to Robert Leonard, e-mail, 22093 Further details supplied by Harold Kuhn, interview, 41797

10 ”All the graduate students were afraid of hi to Donald Spencer, interview, 11895

11 Von Neue Mowbry in a letter, 4595 Harold Kuhn, interview, 5297

12 See, for example, Norman McRae, John von Neumann, John von Neumann, op cit, pp 35056 op cit, pp 35056

13 As told to Harold Kuhn, 41797

14 John Nash, Les Prix nobel 1994, Les Prix nobel 1994, op cit op cit

15 Silvano Arieti, Creativity, Creativity, op cit, p 294 op cit, p 294

16 J Nash to R Leonard, e-mail

17 Ibid

18 The conversation between Nash and Gale was recounted by Gale in an interview, 92095 Gale also suggested that Nash use Kakutani's fixed point theoreestion that Nash followed in the note in the National Acades

19 John F Nash, Jr, ”Equilibrium Points in N-Person Games,” communicated by S Lefschetz, 111649, pp 4849

20 Gale, interview

21 Tucker, interview, 1094

22 Gian-Carlo Rota, interview, 121295

23 Tucker's account of Minsky's thesis on computers and the brain, ”Neural Networks and the Brain Probleiven in an intervieith Stephen B Maurer published in the Two Year College Mathee Mathematics Journal vol 14, no 3 (June 1983) vol 14, no 3 (June 1983)

24 Tucker, interview

25 Harold Kuhn, ”nobel Seminar,” Les Prix nobel 1994, Les Prix nobel 1994, op cit, p 283 op cit, p 283