Part 1 (1/2)
Practical Grammar and Composition
by Thoun as a result of the author's experience in teaching soht preparatory depart The pupils in those classes were all adults, and needed only such a course as would enable thelish
English Grarae, and composition was not to be studied beyond the everyday needs of the practical man
Great difficulty was experienced because of inability to secure a text that was suited to the needs of the class A book was needed that would be sirammar, and the essential principles of sentence structure, choice of words, and general composition; that would deal particularly with the sources of frequent error, and would omit the non-essential points; and, finally that would contain an abundance of exercises and practical work
It is with these ends in view that this book has been prepared The parts devoted to grarammars, and an effort has been made to secure a more sensible and effective treatment The parts devoted to composition contain brief expositions of only the essential principles of ordinary co, since this is believed to be one of the most practical fields for actual composition work Because such a style seeeneral scheme and purpose of the book, the method of treatment has at times been intentionally rather formal
Abundant and varied exercises have been incorporated at frequent intervals throughout the text So far as was practicable the exercises have been kept constructive in their nature, and upon critical points have been made very extensive
The author claims little credit except for the plan of the book and for the labor that he has expended in developing the details of that plan and in devising the various exercises In the statereat originality would have been as undesirable as it was impossible Therefore, for these details the author has drawn fro upon the subjects discussed No doubt many traces of the books that he has used in study and in teaching may be found in this volume He has, at times, consciously adapted ht borrowings asthe books to which he is aware of heavy literary obligations are the following excellent texts: Lockwood and Emerson's Composition and Rhetoric, Sherwin Cody's Errors in Composition, A H Espenshade's Composition and Rhetoric, Edwin C Woolley's Handbook of Colish, Huber Gray Buehler's Practical Exercises in English, and Carl C Marshall's Business English
To Messrs Ginn and Company, publishers of Lockwood and Emerson's Composition and Rhetoric, and to the Goodyear-Marshall Publishi+ng Colish, the author is indebted for their kind permission to make a rather free adaptation of certain parts of their texts
Not a little gratitude does the author owe to those of his friends who have encouraged and aided him in the preparation of his estions made by those persons who examined the completed manuscript in behalf of his publishers
Above all, a great debt of gratitude is owed to Mr Grant Norris, Superintendent of Schools, Braddock, Pennsylvania, for the encourageiven both in preparation of thethe proof of the book
TW
BRADDOCK, PENNSYLVANIA
CHAPTER I
SENTENCES--PARTS OF SPEECH--ELEMENTS OF THE SENTENCE--PHRASES AND CLAUSES
1 In thinking we arrange and associate ideas and objects together
Words are the syroup of words that expresses a single coht
2 SENTENCES are of four kinds:
1 DECLARATIVE; a sentence that tells or declares so; as, _That book is mine_
2 IMPERATIVE; a sentence that expresses a co me that book_
3 INTERROGATIVE; a sentence that asks a question; as, _Is that book mine?_
4 EXCLAMATORY; a declarative, iative sentence that expresses violent eer; as, _You shall take that book!_ or, _Can that book be mine?_
3 PARTS OF SPEECH Words have different uses in sentences According to their uses, words are divided into classes called Parts of Speech
The parts of speech are as follows:
1 NOUN; a word used as the nah, Harry, silence, justice_