Chapter 50 - Impoverished Grand Tutor (1/2)

The new year had just begun, and the days seemed to carry within them the hint of spring. The sun had actually shone brightly for a few days, and the capital was especially bustling with noise and excitement. An atmosphere of joy was everywhere.

However, the students of the Imperial Academy[1] were in no mood to enjoy the happy atmosphere of the new year, as they were all preparing for the preliminary round of the imperial examinations[2] taking place in less than two weeks’ time. Within the academy, the students were busily discussing strategy, while in the courtyard outside, the Master of Records[3] was in conversation with the Chancellor of the Academy[4].

[1] Guo zi lan ( 国子监 ) – Imperial Academy, the highest educational body in Imperial China.

[2] Ke kao ( 科考 ) – the imperial examinations, a civil service examination system in Imperial China to select candidates for the state bureaucracy. More info here. The origins of the open examination system are in the early Han dynasty when wise rulers figured out that the way to avoid officials building power bases from their family and friends was to appoint on basis of talent and intellectual merit and not on wealth or family ancestry.

[3] Zhu bu ( 主薄 ) – Master of Records, an ancient title for the government official who was in charge of the books, seals, official court documents etc, something like a secretary to the Emperor. Depending on the dynasty, he would have a fair amount of power.

[4] Ji jiu ( 祭酒 ) – the title of an important government official; research suggests this was someone who would supervise the highest educational body.

“This lowly official thinks that there are several promising candidates in this round of the examination,” Master of Records Song mentioned as he glanced within the building.

Chancellor Chen was just forty years of age, but his hair was streaked with grey, giving him a sage-like appearance and poise. He stroked his beard and said, “Come, tell me what you think.”

“Mo Cong, Wang Zi Ling and Liu Min,” replied Recorder Song. He muttered, almost to himself, “These three have achieved exemplary results, whether it pertains to the Four Books[5], the Five Classics[6], the Law, or the Art of Mathematics[7].”

[5] Si shu ( 四书 ) – lit., Four Books. Namely: the Great Learning, the Doctrine of the Mean, the Analects of Confucius, and Mencius.

[6] Wu jing ( 五经 ) – the Five Classics of Confucianism. Namely: the Book of Songs, the Book of History, the Classic of Rites, the Book of Changes, and the Spring and Autumn Annals.

[7] Shu shu ( 书数 ) or shu suan (书算 ) – probably the ‘Ten Computational Canons’, a collection of ten Chinese mathematical works compiled by early Tang dynasty mathematician Li Chunfeng (602-670), as the official mathematical texts for imperial examinations in mathematics. More info here.

Upon hearing this, Chancellor Chen did not immediately reply. After a moment’s silence, Recorder Song looked carefully at him and asked hesitantly, “Does daren think that this is inappropriate? Would it please you to share your thoughts?”

Chancellor Chen simply shook his head. “Liu Min is not bad, but the essay he submitted to the Emperor on current affairs, giving advice on policy, was somewhat biased. His grasp of the current political situation in the dynasty is not sound, and thus he cannot help being rather extreme.”

“This . . .” Recorder Song also frowned. “Liu Min is from an impoverished family, so it is no wonder that he is unclear of the current political situation.”

Chancellor Chen interrupted him. “I think Jiang Chao is not bad. I have read his essay, and he attends to all aspects. He is talented.”

Recorder Song shook his head. “He is too polished. He puts forward eloquent but empty arguments- which cannot be a good thing.”

Chancellor Chen’s gaze shifted slightly, then he smiled slowly. “What you and I say is of no importance. In the end, it is the Emperor’s opinion that matters.”

Recorder Song also smiled in agreement.

When the morning classes were over, the students walked out of the Imperial Academy in twos and threes. Jiang Chao was walking right in front. He was currently all smiles as he chatted with his two good friends walking beside him.

“Wang xiong[8] is becoming more proficient in his strategy and control, teaching his xiaodi[9] to feel ashamed of being inferior.” A tinge of shame surfaced on his face as he said this.

[8] Xiong ( 兄 ) – elder brother; also used to address males older than or close in age to oneself within the same generation.

[9] Xiao di ( 小弟 ) – younger brother; also used to address males younger than oneself.