Volume I Part 26 (1/2)

[Footnote 55: Pepys's Diary, Feb. 14, 1668-9.]

[Footnote 56: See the Report of the Bath and Montague case, which was decided by Lord Keeper Somers, in December, 1693.]

[Footnote 57: During three quarters of a year, beginning from Christmas, 1689, the revenues of the see of Canterbury were received by an officer appointed by the crown. That officer's accounts are now in the British Museum. (Lansdowne MSS. 885.) The gross revenue for the three quarters was not quite four thousand pounds; and the difference between the gross and the net revenue was evidently something considerable.]

[Footnote 58: King's Natural and Political Conclusions. Davenant on the Balance of Trade. Sir W. Temple says, ”The revenues of a House of Commons have seldom exceeded four hundred thousand pounds.” Memoirs, Third Part.]

[Footnote 59: Langton's Conversations with Chief Justice Hale, 1672.]

[Footnote 60: Commons' Journals, April 27,1689; Chamberlayne's State of England, 1684.]

[Footnote 61: See the Travels of the Grand Duke Cosmo.]

[Footnote 62: King's Natural and Political Conclusions. Davenant on the Balance of Trade.]

[Footnote 63: See the Itinerarium Angliae, 1675, by John Ogilby, Cosmographer Royal. He describes great part of the land as wood, fen, heath on both sides, marsh on both sides. In some of his maps the roads through enclosed country are marked by lines, and the roads through unenclosed country by dots. The proportion of unenclosed country, which, if cultivated, must have been wretchedly cultivated, seems to have been very great. From Abingdon to Gloucester, for example, a distance of forty or fifty miles, there was not a single enclosure, and scarcely one enclosure between Biggleswade and Lincoln.]

[Footnote 64: Large copies of these highly interesting drawings are in the n.o.ble collection bequeathed by Mr. Grenville to the British Museum.

See particularly the drawings of Exeter and Northampton.]

[Footnote 65: Evelyn's Diary, June 2, 1675.]

[Footnote 66: See White's Selborne; Bell's History of British Quadrupeds, Gentleman's Recreation, 1686; Aubrey's Natural History of Wilts.h.i.+re, 1685; Morton's History of Northamptons.h.i.+re, 1712; Willoughby's Ornithology, by Ray, 1678; Latham's General Synopsis of Birds; and Sir Thomas Browne's Account of Birds found in Norfolk.]

[Footnote 67: King's Natural and Political Conclusions. Davenant on the Balance of Trade.]

[Footnote 68: See the Almanacks of 1684 and 1685.]

[Footnote 69: See Mr. M'Culloch's Statistical Account of the British Empire, Part III. chap. i. sec. 6.]

[Footnote 70: King and Davenant as before The Duke of Newcastle on Horsemans.h.i.+p; Gentleman's Recreation, 1686. The ”dappled Flanders mares”

were marks of greatness in the time of Pope, and even later. The vulgar proverb, that the grey mare is the better horse, originated, I suspect, in the preference generally given to the grey mares of Flanders over the finest coach horses of England.]

[Footnote 71: See a curious note by Tonkin, in Lord De Dunstanville's edition of Carew's Survey of Cornwall.]

[Footnote 72: Borlase's Natural History of Cornwall, 1758. The quant.i.ty of copper now produced, I have taken from parliamentary returns.

Davenant, in 1700, estimated the annual produce of all the mines of England at between seven and eight hundred thousand pounds]

[Footnote 73: Philosophical Transactions, No. 53. Nov. 1669, No. 66.

Dec. 1670, No. 103. May 1674, No 156. Feb. 1683-4]

[Footnote 74: Yarranton, England's Improvement by Sea and Land, 1677; Porter's Progress of the Nation. See also a remarkably perspicnous history, in small compa.s.s of the English iron works, in Mr. M'Culloch's Statistical Account of the British Empire.]

[Footnote 75: See Chamberlayne's State of England, 1684, 1687, Angliae, Metropolis, 1691; M'Culloch's Statistical Account of the British Empire Part III. chap. ii. (edition of 1847). In 1845 the quant.i.ty of coal brought into London appeared, by the Parliamentary returns, to be 3,460,000 tons. (1848.) In 1854 the quant.i.ty of coal brought into London amounted to 4,378,000 tons. (1857.)]

[Footnote 76: My notion of the country gentleman of the seventeenth century has been derived from sources too numerous to be recapitulated.

I must leave my description to the judgment of those who have studied the history and the lighter literature of that age.]

[Footnote 77: In the eighteenth century the great increase in the value of benefices produced a change. The younger sons of the n.o.bility were allured back to the clerical profession. Warburton in a letter to Hurd, dated the 6th of July, 1762, mentions this change, which was then recent. ”Our grandees have at last found their way back into the Church.