Part 23 (1/2)

[274] Curiously enough, while the singular is _granno-mio_, the plural is _grannas-mias_.

[275] Dr. Pommerol, ”La fete des Brandons et le dieu Gaulois Grannus,”

_Bulletins et Memoires de la Societe d'Anthropologie de Paris_, v.

Serie, ii. (1901) pp. 427-429.

[276] _Op. cit._ pp. 428 _sq._

[277] H. Dessau, _Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae_, vol. ii. Pars i.

(Berlin, 1902) pp. 216 _sq._, Nos. 4646-4652.

[278] (Sir) John Rhys, _Celtic Heathendom_ (London, 1888), pp. 22-25.

[279] emile Hublard, _Fetes du Temps Jadis, les Feux du Careme_ (Mons, 1899), p. 38, quoting Dom Grenier, _Histoire de la Province de Picardie_.

[280] e. Hublard, _op. cit._ p. 39, quoting Dom Grenier.

[281] M. Desgranges, ”Usages du Canton de Bonneval,” _Memoires de la Societe Royale des Antiquaires de France_, i. (Paris, 1817) pp. 236-238; Felix Chapiseau, _Le folk-lore de la Beauce et du Perche_ (Paris, 1902), i. 315 _sq._

[282] John Brand, _Popular Antiquities of Great Britain_ (London, 1882-1883), i. 100.

[283] E. Cortet, _Essai sur les fetes religieuses_ (Paris, 1867), pp. 99 _sq.; La Bresse Louhannaise_, Mars, 1906, p. 111.

[284] A. de Nore, _Coutumes, mythes et traditions des provinces de France_ (Paris and Lyons, 1846), pp. 283 _sq._ A similar, though not identical, custom prevailed at Valenciennes (_ibid._ p. 338).

[285] A. de Nore, _op. cit._ p. 302.

[286] Desire Monnier, _Traditions populaires comparees_ (Paris, 1854), pp. 191 _sq._

[287] Laisnel de la Salle, _Croyances et legendes du centre de la France_ (Paris, 1875). i. 35 _sqq._

[288] Jules Lecoeur, _Esquisses du Rocage Normand_ (Conde-sur-Noireau, 1887), ii. 131 _sq._ For more evidence of customs of this sort observed in various parts of France on the first Sunday in Lent, see Madame Clement, _Histoire des Fetes civiles et religieuses_, etc., _du Departement du Nord_*[2] (Cambrai, 1836), pp. 351 _sqq._; emile Hublard, _Fetes du Temps Jadis, les Feux du Careme_ (Mons, 1899), pp. 33 _sqq._

[289] J.H. Schmitz, _Sitten und Sagen, Lieder, Spruchworter und Rathsel des Eifler Volkes_ (Treves, 1856-1858), i. 21-25; N. Hocker, in _Zeitschrift fur deutsche Mythologie und Sittenkunde_, i. (1853) p. 90; W. Mannhardt, _Der Baumkultus der Germanen und ihrer Nachbarstamme_ (Berlin, 1875), p. 501.

[290] N. Hocker, _op. cit._ pp. 89 _sq._; W. Mannhardt, _l.c._

[291] F.J. Vonbun, _Beitrage zur deutschen Mythologie_ (Chur, 1862), p.

20; W. Mannhardt, _l.c._

[292] Ernst Meier, _Deutsche Sagen, Sitten und Gebrauche aus Schwaben_ (Stuttgart, 1852), pp. 380 _sqq._; Anton Birlinger, _Volksthumliches aus Schwaben_ (Freiburg im Breisgau, 1861-1862), ii. 56 _sqq._, 66 _sqq._; _Bavaria, Landes-und Volkskunde des Konigreichs Bayern_ (Munich, 1860-1867), ii. 2, pp. 838 _sq._; F. Panzer, _Beitrag zur deutschen Mythologie_ (Munich, 1848-1855), i. 211, -- 232; W. Mannhardt, _l.c._ One of the popular German names for the first Sunday in Lent is White Sunday, which is not to be confused with the first Sunday after Easter, which also goes by the name of White Sunday (E. Meier, _op. cit._ p.

380; A. Birlinger, _op. cit._ ii. 56).

[293] H. Gaidoz, ”Le dieu gaulois du soleil et le symbolisme de la roue,” _Revue Archeologique_, iii. serie, iv. (1884) pp. 139 _sq._

[294] August Witzschel, _Sagen, Sitten und Gebrauche aus Thuringen_ (Vienna, 1878), p. 189; F. Panzer, _Beitrag zur deutschen Mythologie_ (Munich, 1848-1855), ii. 207; W. Mannhardt, _Der Baumkultus,_ pp. 500 _sq._

[295] W. Kolbe, _Hessiche Volks-Sitten und Gebrauche_*[2] (Marburg, 1888), p. 36.

[296] Adalbert Kuhn, _Die Herabkunft des Feuers und des Gottertranks_*[2] (Gutersloh, 1886), p. 86, quoting Hocker, _Des Mosellandes Geschichten, Sagen und Legenden_ (Trier, 1852), pp. 415 _sqq._ Compare W. Mannhardt, _Der Baumkultus_, p. 501; and below, pp.

163 _sq._ Thus it appears that the ceremony of rolling the fiery wheel down hill was observed twice a year at Konz, once on the first Sunday in Lent, and once at Midsummer.

[297] H. Herzog, _Schweizerische Volksfeste, Sitten und Gebrauche_ (Aarau, 1884), pp. 214-216; E. Hoffmann-Krayer, ”Fruchtbarkeitsriten im schweizerischen Volksbrauch,” _Schweizerisches Archiv fur Volkskunde_, xi. (1907) pp. 247-249; _id., Feste und Brauche des Schweizervolkes_ (Zurich, 1913), pp. 135 _sq._