Part 23 (2/2)

Licinius Ap. Claudius C. Graccus III vir A. D. A. I. statuerunt. These _termini_ suggest the _limites Graccani_ of the _Liber Coloniarum (Gromatici_ ed. Lachmann, pp. 209. 210) which may refer to the agrarian a.s.signments under the _leges Semp.r.o.niae_ (of Ti. and C. Gracchus) rather than to the colonial foundations of the younger brother.

[439] Liv. _Ep_. lix. Seditiones a triumviris Fulvio Flacco et C. Graccho et C. Papirio Carbone agro dividendo creatis excitatae.

App. _Bell. Civ_. i. 18. C.I.L. i. n. 554 M. Folvios M.F. Flac., C. Semp.r.o.nius Ti. F. Grac., C. Paperius C.F. Carb. III vire. A.I.A.

(cf. n. 555).

[440] C.I.L. i. 551 (Wilmanns 797) Primus fecei ut de agro poplico aratoribus cederent pastores.

[441] Liv. _Ep_. lix. (131 B.C.) Censa sunt civium capita CCCXVIII milia DCCCXXIII praeter pupillos et viduas. Ib. lx. (125 B.C.) Censa sunt civium capita CCCLx.x.xXIIII milia DCCXXVI. See de Boor _Fasti Censorii_.

[442] Mommsen _Hist. of Rome_ bk. iv. c. 3.

[443] App. _Bell. Civ_. i. 18 [Greek: _amelounton de ton kektaemenon autaen (sc. taen gaen) apographesthai, kataegorous ekaerytton endeiknynai; kai tachy plaethos haen dikon chalepon_].

[444] App. l.c.

[445] Unless we take such to be the meaning of Hyginus (_de Condic.

Agr_. p. 116) Vectigales autem agri sunt obligati, quidam r. p. P. R., quidam coloniarum aut municipiorum aut civitatium aliquarum. Qui et ipsi plerique ad populum Romanum pertinentes.... The pa.s.sage seems to state that some _agri_ which owed _vectigal_ to communities belonged to the Roman people. There might therefore be a fear of their resumption, although it should have been remote, since these lands, as the context shows, were dealt with by a system of lease (for its nature see Mitteis _Zur Gesch. der Erbpacht im Alterthum_ pp. 13 foll.), and leaseholds do not seem to have been threatened by Gracchus.

[446] App. _Bell. Civ_. i 19.

[447] Plut. _Ti. Gracch_. 21. Hom. _Od_. i. 47.

[448] Cic. _Phil_. xi. 8. 18; Liv. _Ep_. lix.; Eutrop. iv. 19.

[449] Liv. _Ep_. lix. c.u.m Carbo tribunus plebis rogationem tulisset, ut eundem tribunum plebi, quoties vellet, creare liceret, rogationem ejus P. Africa.n.u.s gravissima oratione dissuasit. Cic. _de Amic_. 25. 95 Dissuasimus nos (Laelius), sed nihil de me: de Scipione dicam libentius.

Quanta illi, dii immortales! fuit gravitas! quanta in oratione majestas!

... Itaque lex popularis suffragiis populi repudiata est. Cf. Cic. _de Or_. ii. 40. 170.

[450] Vellei. ii. 4. 4 Hic, eum interrogante tribuno Carbone quid de Ti.

Gracchi caede sentiret, respondit, si is occupandae rei publicae animum habuisset, jure caesum. Et c.u.m omnis contio adclama.s.set, ”Hostium,”

inquit, ”armatorum totiens clamore non territus, qui possum vestro moveri, quorum noverca est Italia?” Val. Max. vi. 2. 3 Orto deinde murmure ”Non efficietis,” ait, ”ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxi.” Cf. Cic, _pro Mil_. 3. 8; Liv. _Ep_. lix; Plut. _Ti.

Gracch_. 21.

[451] App. _Bell. Civ_. i. 19 [Greek: _ho d' es tous polemous autois kechraemenos prothymotatois hyperidein ... oknaese_.]

[452] Liv. _Ep_. lvii.

[453] App. _Bell. Civ_. i 19.

[454] Liv. _Ep_. lviii (p. 127).

[455] App. l.c.

[456] App. l.c.

[457] App. l.c.

[458] Plut. _C. Gracch_. 10.

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