Part 10 (1/2)

98,000 2,885,000 Increase 9 times.

Let us now compare the _ten_ largest of each section.

_Atlantic._ 1830. 1860 Est.

The aggregate of the five largest as above 579,000 2,370,000 Providence 17,000 55,000 Lowell 6,500 40,000 Was.h.i.+ngton 19,000 60,000 Albany 24,000 65,000 Richmond 16,000 35,000 ------- --------- 661,000 2,625,000 Increase 4 times.

_Interior._ 1839. 1860 Est.

Aggregate as above 98,000 885,000 Buffalo 9,000 100,000 Louisville 10,500 80,000 Milwaukee 50 75,000 Detroit 2,000 80,000 Cleveland 1,000 70,000 ------- --------- 120,550 1,290,000 Increase 10 7-10.

Aggregate of the ten, with five more of each section added, added, to wit:

1830. 1860 Est.

Aggregate as above 661,000 2,625,000 Troy 11,500 35,000 Portland 12,500 30,000 Salem 14,000 25,000 New Haven 10,000 30,000 Savannah 7,500 15,500 ------- --------- 716,500 2,760,500 Increase 3 8-10 times.

1830. 1860 Est.

Aggregate as above 120,550 1,290,000 Toronto 1,700 65,000 Rochester 9,000 50,000 Mobile 3,000 30,000 Memphis 1,500 25,000 Hamilton 1,500 25,000 -------- -------- 137,000 1,485,000 Increase 16 7-10 times.

Aggregate of the fifteen, with five more added in each section:

1830. 1860 Est.

Aggregate as above 716,500 2,760,500 Springfield, Ma.s.s 7,000 24,000 Worcester, ” 4,500 24,000 Bangor, Me. 3,000 23,000 Patterson, N. J. 5,000 22,000 Manchester, N. H. 50 22,000 ------- --------- 736,500 2,875,500 Increase 3 8-10 times.

1830. 1860 Est.

Aggregate as above 137,250 1,485,000 Dayton 3,000 24,000 Indianapolis 1,500 22,000 Toledo 30 20,000 Oswego 3,200 20,000 Quincy 1,500 20,000 ------- --------- 149,700 1,591,000 Increase 10 6-10 times.

From the above tables, we see that the city of New York, with its neighboring dependencies, will have made in growth in thirty years, between 1830 and 1860, increasing its population 5 times. During the same period,

The 5 largest Atlantic cities and suburbs, including New York, increased 4 1-10 times.

The 10 largest Atlantic cities and suburbs, including New York, increased 4 ”

The 15 largest Atlantic cities and suburbs, including New York, increased 3 8-10 ”

The 20 largest Atlantic cities and suburbs, including New York, increased 3 8-10 ”

And that the 5 largest cities of the great plain, during the same period, increased 9 ”

And the 10 largest cities of the great plain, during the same period, increased 10 7-10 ”

And the 15 largest cities of the great plain, during the same period, increased 10 7-10 ”

And the 20 largest cities of the great plain, during the same period, increased 10 6-10 ”

If the number of cities and towns of each section were increased to twenty-five, thirty, and thirty-five of each section, the disparity would increase in favor of the interior cities, most of these to be brought into comparison, having come into existence since 1830.

We commend the comparison between the old and the new cities so far back as 1830, to give the former a better chance for a fair showing.

If a later census should be chosen for a starting point, the advantages would be more decidedly with the interior cities.

In the article on the great plain, in the May number of this Review, we gave prominence to the two great external gateways of commerce offered to its people in their intercourse with the rest of the world: that is to say, the Mississippi river entrance into the Gulf of Mexico, and the outlet of the lakes through St. Lawrence and Hudson rivers. These const.i.tute the present great routes of commerce of the people of the plain, and draw to the cities on the borders of the great lakes and rivers the trade of the surrounding country. Between the cities of the great rivers and lakes there has of late sprung up a friendly rivalry, each having some peculiar advantages, and all, in some degree, drawing business into their laps for the benefit of their rivals. That is to say: river cities gather in productions from the surrounding districts which seek an eastern market through lake harbors; and lake cities perform the same office for the chief river cities. Each year increases, to a marked extent, the intercourse which these two cla.s.ses of cities hold with each other; and it may be safely antic.i.p.ated that no long period will elapse before this intercourse will become more important to them than all their commerce with the world beside.

In comparing the interior cities of the great plain, situated on the navigable rivers, with those located on the borders of the lakes, two considerations bearing on their relative growth should be kept in view. The river cities were of earlier growth, the settlement from the Atlantic States having taken the Ohio river as the high-road to their new homes, many years before the upper lakes were resorted to as a channel of active emigration.