Part 135 (1/2)

[475:7] Fiske: Myths and Mythmakers, p. 113.

[476:1] Renouf: Hibbert Lectures, p. 111 and 161.

[476:2] Ibid. p. 161 and 179.

[476:3] Ibid. pp. 179.

[476:4] See Tales of Ancient Greece, pp. x.x.xi. and 82.

[476:5] The _Bull_ symbolized the productive force in nature, and hence it was a.s.sociated with the SUN-G.o.ds. This animal was venerated by nearly all the peoples of antiquity. (Wake: Phallism in Anct. Religs., p. 45.)

[476:6] See Aryan Myths, vol. i. p. 229.

[477:1] See Chap. x.x.xII.

[477:2] See Tales of Ancient Greece, p. xviii.

[477:3] ”The idea entertained by the ancients that these G.o.d-begotten heroes were engendered without any carnal intercourse, and that they were the sons of Jupiter, is, in plain language, the result of the ethereal spirit, _i. e._, the Holy Spirit, operating on the virgin mother _Earth_.” (Knight: Ancient Art and Mythology, p. 156.)

[477:4] c.o.x: Aryan Myths, p. 87.

[477:5] See Williams' Hinduism, p. 24, and Muller's Chips, vol. ii. pp.

277 and 290.

[477:6] See Bulfinch, p. 389.

[477:7] See Renouf's Hibbert Lectures, pp. 110, 111.

[477:8] Manners of the Germans, p. xi.

[478:1] See Knight: Ancient Art and Mythology, pp. 81, 99, and 166.

The Moon was called by the ancients, ”The Queen;” ”The Highest Princess;” ”The Queen of Heaven;” ”The Princess and Queen of Heaven;”

&c. She was Istar, Ashera, Diana, Artemis, Isis, Juno, Lucina, Astarte.

(Goldzhier, pp. 158. Knight, pp. 99, 100.)

In the beginning of the eleventh book of Apuleius' Metamorphosis, Isis is represented as addressing him thus: ”I am present; I who am _Nature_, the parent of things, queen of all the elements, &c., &c. The primitive Phrygians called me _Pressinuntica, the mother of the G.o.ds_; the native Athenians, Ceropian Minerva; the floating Cyprians, Paphian Venus; the arrow-bearing Cretans, Dictymian Diana; the three-tongued Sicilians, Stygian Proserpine; and the inhabitants of Eleusis, the ancient G.o.ddess Ceres. Some again have invoked me as _Juno_, others as _Beliona_, others as Hecate, and others as Rhamnusia: and those who are enlightened by the emerging rays of the rising _Sun_, the Ethiopians, Ariians and Egyptians, powerful in ancient learning, who reverence my divinity with ceremonies perfectly proper, call me by a true appellation, '_Queen Isis_.'” (Taylor's Mysteries, p. 76.)

[478:2] The ”G.o.d the Father” of all nations of antiquity was nothing more than a personification of the _Sky_ or the _Heavens_. ”The term _Heaven_ (p.r.o.nounced _Thien_) is used everywhere in the Chinese cla.s.sics for the _Supreme Power_, ruling and governing all the affairs of men with an omnipotent and omniscient righteousness and goodness.” (James Legge.)

In one of the Chinese sacred books--the Shu-king--_Heaven_ and _Earth_ are called ”Father and Mother of all things.” Heaven being the Father, and Earth the Mother. (Taylor: Primitive Culture, pp. 294-296.)

The ”G.o.d the Father” of the Indians is _Dyaus_, that is, the _Sky_.

(Williams' Hinduism, p. 24.)

Ormuzd, the G.o.d of the ancient Persians, was a personification of the sky. Herodotus, speaking of the Persians, says: ”They are accustomed to ascend the highest part of the mountains, and offer sacrifice to Jupiter (Ormuzd), _and they call the whole circle of the heavens by the name of Jupiter_.” (Herodotus, book 1, ch. 131.)

In Greek iconography Zeus is the _Heaven_. As Cicero says: ”The refulgent Heaven above is that which all men call, unanimously, Jove.”

The Christian G.o.d supreme of the nineteenth century is still _Dyaus_ Pitar, the ”Heavenly Father.”