Part 16 (1/2)

[Footnote 14: AUMALE or ALBAMALE. See, in the _Archaeologia_ vol. 26, the materials furnished by Mr. Stapleton for the pedigree of the family holding Aumale during the eleventh century. Unless Odo, count of Champagne, was married before this time,--as he probably was,--to Adelidis, niece of the conqueror (and daughter of Enguerrand, count of Ponthieu, and Adelidis his wife, mentioned before, page 44), and was then possessed in her right of Aumale, we know no lord or holder of that fief at the conquest. Is it probable that Guy her uncle, who was released two years after the battle of Mortemer on doing homage to William, held Aumale during her minority, which possibly extended to 1066? Either a.s.sumption implies that Enguerran's widow was then dead, or that she did not hold Aumale, or at least that she did not after her daughter's marriage. The charter printed in the _Archaeologia_ treats the widow as having succeeded to the possession, (whether from having dower in it, or as guardian of her daughter, does not appear), and her daughter as following her. Of course the most likely solution of this difficulty, and of Wace's vague statement, is that he was ignorant of the facts; in which he is not singular; _Ordericus Vitalis_ also is incorrect in his statements as to the family. No particulars of the fief of Aumale are in the Red book; the comes de Albamara being one of those, who 'nec venerunt nec miserunt, nec aliquid dixerunt.']

[Footnote 15: ROUMARE--Rollonis Mara--arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Rouen. There were three Williams de Romare:--the first was earl of Lincoln; the second was probably the one in possession when Wace wrote: but the name of their ancestor, the lord who must have held at the conquest, was Roger. In the Red book roll, 'Willmus de Romara 14 mil. in Romeis, apud novum mercatum: et si dux mandaverit eum alibi, ibit c.u.m 3 mil. vel c.u.m 4.']

[Footnote 16: LITHAIRE, commune of Haie-du-Puits, in the Cotentin, on the coast opposite Jersey; probably a Roman castellum exploratorium, according to M. de Gerville, _Recherches_, No. 39. He states that Lithaire formed part of the estates of the Albinis; but it appears that after having belonged to Eudo c.u.m capello, (before, p. 103) it pa.s.sed to the Haies and Orvals in succession, or possibly to the latter at once; see subsequent notes on those names. Possibly M. de Gerville's error arose from the family connection between the Haies and Albinis; Ralf de Haya having married the daughter of William de Albini, pincerna.]

[Footnote 17: TOUQUES, arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Pont l'Evesque, at the mouth of the river so called. In the _Monasticon_ are found the names of Jourdain, Roger, Robert, and Henry de Touques.]

[Footnote 18: Probably HUGH DE LA MARE. The family remained both in Normandy and England; and is supposed to have sprung from the fief of la Mare, in the commune of Autretot, near Ivetot. A charter of St. Louis, of 1259, gives to Jumieges all that had fallen to that prince of the tenement of William de la Mare, knight, and of other tenements in the valley of la Mare; but the historian of the abbey is ignorant where that valley was. A.L.P. Mr. Stapleton observes, in correction of this statement, that the great fief of La Mare was at St. Opportune, arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Pont Audemer; the castle being built upon piles near the lake, still called Grand-mare.]

[Footnote 19: NEHOU, in the arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Valognes--Neel's hou or _holm_, (place surrounded by water, or liable to be so, as in this case)--'Nigelli humus' in charters; see _Gallia Christ_, xi. This fief belonged to the Neel or St. Sauveur family, and afterwards pa.s.sed to that of Reviers, and Reviers-Vernon; with whom it remained till the end of the thirteenth century; see M. de Gerville's _Recherches_, No. 17.

Either the same person is again enumerated below by Wace as Reviers; or some va.s.sal or junior member of the family held one of the fiefs at the conquest. In the Red book roll, 'Richardus de Vernone 10 mil. de honore de Nehalhou, et ad servitium suum 30 mil. in Constant: idem de com.

Mort. 5 mil: idem 16 mil. de honore Vernone, ad custodiam castri de Vernone.']

[Footnote 20: PIROU, near Lessay, in the Cotentin; see M. de Gerville's _Recherches_ No. 48. William de Pirou signs as 'dapifer' in a charter of Hen. I. A charter to Lessay in _Gall. Christ_, (temp. Hen. II. not Hen.

I. as there called) names several lords of Pirou. See _Introd.

Domesday_, ii. 347.]

[Footnote 21: BEAUFOY, Beaufou, or Belfai--Bellus f.a.gus. The scite of the caput of this barony is in the environs of Pont l'Evesque. The lords of Beaufou descended in the female line from Ralf, count d'Ivry, uterine brother of duke Richard I. The Beaufou of the conquest is called Robert both in _Wace_ and _William of Poitiers_, but Raoul in contemporary doc.u.ments; so also in Domesday we find Radulf de Bellof.a.go; see _Introd.

Domesday_, i. 379, 380. In the Red book, 'Richardus de Belphago 2 mil.

et ad servitium suum 6 mil. et tres partes.']

[Footnote 22: FULK D'AUNOU, one of the numerous family of Baudry-le-Teuton, by a daughter of Richard de Bienfaite, mentioned below. The place in question is probably Aunou-le-Faucon (or Foulcon?), arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Argentan. See _d.u.c.h.esne_, 1046; and some observations on the pedigree, in the additional notes on Wace at the end of M.

Raynouard's observations. Aulnay is a distinct fief, and will be found afterwards. There was also in earlier times (see _d.u.c.h.esne_, p. 1083) a Fulk de Aneio, or Aneto; who was of the Vernon family (the son of Osmund de Centumvillis, and of one of Gunnor's sisters), and derived his name from Anet, a little south of Ivry. The two Fulks or their families seem to have been sometimes confounded; they are so by M. Le Prevost, in his additional notes. In the Red book roll, 'Fulco de Alnou 4 mil. et ad servitium suum 24 mil. et dim.' The fiefs Danet and de Alneto appear there also separately.]

[Footnote 23: The lord of TANCARVILLE, in the arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Havre, hereditary chamberlain of Normandy. His presence is vouched by no other authority. M. Le Prevost rather inconclusively observes that Ralf having been William's guardian was too old, and his children too young to be so engaged. Three sons have, however, been commonly reputed to have been at Hastings; from one of whom the Clintons have claimed descent, but probably without sufficient evidence. Ralf's age is hardly of itself a competent contradiction to Wace's statement; for his charter, giving the church of Mireville to Jumieges, shows that he was living in 1079.

William, his son and successor as chamberlain, so appears in 1082. See as to this family M. Deville's _St. Georges de Bocherville_, p. 100. In the Red book, 'Camararius de Tankervill 10 mil. et ad servitium suum 94 et 3 partes.']

[Footnote 24: There are two ETOUTEVILLES; the one meant appears to be near Ivetot, not that near Cailli. The received opinion is that it was Robert, the first of the name, called also Grand-Bois, who was at Hastings. He must have been young, if he was the same as fell forty years after at Tenchebrai, according to _Ordericus Vit_. 817. The Etoutevilles were established in England; princ.i.p.ally in Yorks.h.i.+re.

A.L.P. In the Red book, 'In ballia Willi de Malepalet,' there are two of the name, 'Nichus de Stotevill 1 mil. de fdo de Logis, et pco, et 7 hospit. quos habet apud Fiscan;' and 'Willmus de Stotevill 1 mil. de fdo de Dodearvill;' among those who made no appearance or return is 'Robertas de Estotevill.']

[Footnote 25: EUSTACE OF ABBEVILLE. There is a commune so named in the arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Lisieux, but M. Le Prevost thinks it more probable that Abbeville in Ponthieu is intended. Is it clear that Wace did not mean,--however incorrect the geography,---Eustace of Boulogne? It would be singular that he should not at all mention so important a person; yet he does not, unless he is intended here. Eustace of Boulogne appears in Domesday; see _Introduction_, i. 416.]

[Footnote 26: JEFFERT DE MAGNEVILLE, in the arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Valognes, --whose name became in England Mandeville,--was constable of the tower of London, and earl of Ess.e.x. See M. de Gerville's _Recherches_, No. 15; and _Introd. Domesday_, i. 450. In the Red book, 'Rogerus de Magnevill 2 mil. et dim. et ad serv. suum 3 mil.']

[Footnote 27: WILLIAM CRESPIN I. lord of Bec Crespin, in the pays de Caux. See our former note, and the pedigree; which is at variance with the a.s.sumption in M. Le Prevost's notes, that Turstain Fitz-Rou was not connected with this family. Dugdale, _Baronage_, i. 413, seems to know only one William Crespin. William II. was in the battle of Tenchebrai, opposed to Henry I.]

[Footnote 28: This may be WALTER DE SAINT MARTIN, brother of William Martel. Many communes bear this name; the one in question may be that in the pays de Caux or Brai. Roger de St. Martin occurs in the _Monasticon_ in 1119, and one of the family founded Robertsbridge in 1176. But M. Le Prevost thinks the more probable opinion is, that the party here meant was Jeffry, son of Rainauld, lord of St. Martin-le-Gaillard, in the arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Dieppe, mentioned in the charter of foundation of Treport; see _Gallia Christ._ xi.]

[Footnote 29: WILLIAM, lord of MOULINS-LA-MARCHE,--Molendina,--in the arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Mortagne, was son of Walter de Falaise. The duke, in reward of his services, gave him in marriage Alberee, daughter and heiress of Guitmond, lord of Moulins-la-Marche. After having two sons, William and Robert, he repudiated her; and married the daughter of Valeran de Meulan, being thus brother-in-law to Roger de Beaumont. He was in 1075 one of those sent to the relief of Jean la Fleche; see _Ordericus Vit_. 533, 577, 890. The English family of this name seems to have come from Limousin. A.L.P.]

[Footnote 30: FULK DU PIN is, in a charter to St. Pierre-sur-Dive, quoted as contemporary with the conqueror. _Ordericus Vitalis_ mentions a Morin du Pin as living in 1080. This family, which had property in England, and occurs in the _Monasticon_,(see Dunstaple), appears to have been from Pin-au-Haras, near Argentan. A.L.P.]

[Footnote 31: HUGH DE GRENTE-MESNIL, now Grandmesnil, arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Lisieux, had been banished in 1063. He became sheriff of Leicesters.h.i.+re, and had other honours and many lands, and was a.s.sociated with bishop Odo and William Fitz-Osbern as justiciars. See _Introd. Domesday,_ i.

408--429.]

[Footnote 32: JEFFRY DE MAINE. Although there were Manceaux in the army, it is hardly to be supposed that 'Giffrei li sire de Meaine,' (_Wace_, vol. ii. 85), the active enemy of William, (even if the t.i.tle of sire de Meaine could then be applied to him) is the person meant here, as accompanying him to England. It has been supposed that the true reading should be Mortagne; and in fact _William of Poitiers_ and _Ordericus Vitalis_ mention a Jeffery son of Rotro, count of Mortagne (comes Moritoniae) as present at Hastings. d.u.c.h.esne's MS. reads Marreigne.

A.L.P. But see Dugdale's _Baronage_, i. 510.]

[Footnote 33: BOHUN, arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of St. Lo, in the Cotentin; where are still St. Andre and St. Georges de Bohon. The mound of the old castle remains visible. The Bohuns long after the conquest were hereditary constables of England, and subsequently earls of Hereford, Ess.e.x, and Northumberland. See the _Recherches_ of M. de Gerville, and _Introd. Domesday_, i. 383. Ilbert de Chaz, whose tombstone is at Layc.o.c.k, was a va.s.sal of Bohun, and came from Chaz, now Cats, in the neighbourhood of Bohun; _Gent.'s Mag._ Oct. 1835. In the Red book, 'Engelger. de Boun 2 mil. et 6m. partm. et ad servitium suum 7 mil. in Constant.' and Humphridus de Boun 2 mil. et ad serv. suum 2 mil. in Constant.']

[Footnote 34: CARTERET, arrondiss.e.m.e.nt of Valognes. The family has remained in Jersey and England; _Recherches_, No. 14. In the Red book, 'in balliva Osberti de Hosa'--'Philippus de Cartr.']

[Footnote 35: WILLIAM WARREN, named from the fief of Varenne, in St.