Part 104 (1/2)
CAMPBELL, SIR COLIN, LORD CLYDE, born in Glasgow, son of a carpenter named Macliver; entered the army, and rose rapidly; served in China and the Punjab; commanded the Highland Brigade in the Crimea; won the day at Alma and Balaclava; commanded in India during the Mutiny; relieved Lucknow, and quelled the rebellion; was made field-marshal, with a pension of 2000, and created Lord Clyde; he was one of the bravest soldiers of England (1792-1863).
CAMPBELL, GEORGE, a Scotch divine, Princ.i.p.al of Aberdeen University; wrote ”Philosophy of Rhetoric,” and an able reply to Hume's argument against miracles, ent.i.tled ”Dissertation on Miracles” (1709-1796).
CAMPBELL, JOHN, Lord Chancellor of England, born at Cupar-Fife; a son of the manse; destined for the Church, but took the study of law; was called to the bar; did journalistic work and law reports; was a Whig in politics; held a succession of offices both on the Bench and in the Cabinet; wrote the ”Lives of the Chancellors” and the ”Lives of the Chief Justices” (1779-1861).
CAMPBELL, JOHN FRANCIS, born at Islay, author of, among other works, ”Popular Tales of the West Highlands, orally collected,” a collection all his own, and a remarkable one for the enthusiasm and the patriotic devotion it displays (1822-1885).
CAMPBELL, JOHN MACLEOD, a Scotch clergyman, born in Argyll; deposed from the ministry of the Scotch Church in 1831 for his liberal theological sentiments; a saintly man, whose character alone should have protected him from such an indignity; his favourite theme was the self-evidencing character of revelation, while the doctrine for which he was deposed, the Fatherhood of G.o.d, is being now adopted as the central principle of Scotch theology; he continued afterwards to ply his vocation as a minister of Christ in a quiet way to some quiet people like himself, and before his death a testimonial and address in recognition of his worth was presented to him by representatives of nearly every religious community in Scotland (1801-1872).
CAMPBELL, THOMAS, poet, born in Glasgow; studied with distinction at the University; when a student of law in Edinburgh wrote ”The Pleasures of Hope”; the success of the work, which was great, enabled him to travel on the Continent, where he wrote the well-known lines, ”Ye Mariners of England,” ”Hohenlinden,” and ”The Exile of Erin”; married, and settled in London, where he did writing, lecturing, and some more poetry, in particular ”The Last Man”; after settling in London a pension of 200 was awarded him through the influence of Fox; he wrote in prose as well as verse; he was elected Rector of Glasgow University in 1827, and again in the following year: buried in Westminster (1777-1844).
CAMPBELTOWN, a town in Kintyre, Argylls.h.i.+re, with a fine harbour; is a great fis.h.i.+ng centre; and has over 20 whisky distilleries.
CAMPE, JOACHIM HEINRICH, German educationist; disciple of Basedow, and author of educational works (1746-1818).
CAMPEACHY (12), a Mexican seaport on a bay of the same name; manufactures cigars.
CAMPEGGIO, LORENZO, cardinal; twice visited England as legate, the last time in connection with the divorce between Henry VIII. and Catherine, with the effect of mortally offending the former and being of no real benefit to the latter, whom he would fain have befriended; his mission served only to embitter the relations of Henry with the see of Rome (1474-1539).
CAMPER, PETER, a Dutch anatomist, born at Leyden; held sundry professors.h.i.+ps; made a special study of the facial angle in connection with intelligence; he was an artist as well as a scientist, and a patron of art (1722-1789).
CAMPERDOWN, a tract of sandy hills on the coast of N. Holland, near which Admiral Duncan defeated the Dutch fleet under Van Winter in 1797.
CAMPHUYSEN, a Dutch landscape painter of the 17th century, famous for his moonlight pieces.
CAMPI, a family of painters, distinguished in the annals of Italian art at Cremona in the 16th century.
CAMPINE, a vast moor of swamp and peat to the E. of Antwerp, being now rendered fertile by irrigation.
CAMPION, EDMUND, a Jesuit, born in London; a renegade from the Church of England; became a keen Catholic propagandist in England; was arrested for sedition, of which he was innocent, and executed; was in 1886 beatified by Pope Leo XIII. (1540-1581).
CAMPO-FORMIO, a village near Udine, in Venetia, where a treaty was concluded between France and Austria in 1797, by which the Belgian provinces and part of Lombardy were ceded to France, and certain Venetian States to Austria in return.
CAMPO SANTO (_Holy Ground_), Italian and Spanish name for a burial-place.