Part 100 (2/2)
This in turn has largely given way, in the lower grades, to nature study
[29] At the time of Professor Bache's visit, in 1838, the instruction included Latin, French, English, Ger, raphy
[30] Scientific instruction in the _Lycees_ was not in favor in France after 1815, and in 1840 it wasclassical studies
[31] Astronomy, botany, chemistry, and natural philosophy had been prominent studies in the Areat period of their introduction The first Ah school (Boston, 1821) provided for instruction in geography, navigation and surveying, astronoh schools were incorporating scientific studies quite generally The instruction was still textbook instruction, but soun to be common
[32] The Oneida School of Science and Industry, the Genesee Manual-Labor School, the Aurora Manual-Labor Seminary, and the Rensselaer School, all founded in the State of New York, between 1825 and 1830, were a the most important of these early institutions
[33] Spencer's classification of life activities and needs, in the order of their i directly to self-preservation
2 Those which secure for one the necessities of life, and hence minister indirectly to self-preservation
3 Those which have for their end the rearing and discipline of offspring
4 Those involved in the maintenance of proper social and political relations
5 Those which fill up the leisure part of life, and are devoted to the gratification of tastes and feelings
[34] All were republished in book form, in 1861, under the title of _Education; Intellectual, Moral, and Physical_ The volue is of Most Worth?; Intellectual Education; Moral Education; and Physical Education The first essay served as an introduction to the other three
[35] ”A Liberal Education,” in his _Science and Education_ p 86
[36] For many years head of the School of Education at the University of Chicago, but more recently Professor of Philosophy at Columbia University, New York City
[37] Dewey, John, in _Elementary School Record_, p 142
[38] Described in _The Ele a voluo Press, 1900
[39] A very good example of this is to be found in the work of Colonel Francis W Parker (1837-1902) in the United States It was he who introduced Gerraphy; he who strongly advocated the Herbartian plan for concentration of instruction about a central core, which he worked out for geography; he who insisted so strongly on the Froebelian principle of self-expression as the best way to develop the thinking process; he who advocated science instruction in the schools; and he who saw educational problems so clearly from the standpoint of the child that he, and the pupils he trained, did anization in elementary education which orked out in the United States between about 1875 and 1900
CHAPTER XXIX
[1] For long the knowledge-conception do fire and virtue were soland and the United States, and to the English self-governing dorants froone South Aration, but this has been mainly of peoples from the Latin races, and hence easier of assiood article on this development by I L Kandel, in the _Educational Review_ for Noveh School in European Systereatest university in Europe, exceeding Berlin (1914) in students by approximately 25 per cent and in expenditures 40 per cent
[5] ”The rise of these great universities is thefeature of our American civilization, and they are to become more and more the leaders and the makers of our civilization They are of the people When a state university has gained solid ground, it means that the people of a whole state have turned their faces toward the light; it means that the whole systeent for civilization Those who direct the purposes of these great enterprises of dehest function of a university is to furnish standards for a democracy” (Pritchett, Henry S, in _Atlantic Monthly_)
[6] The gifts and bequests for colleges and universities in the United States, from 1871 to 1916, totaled 647,536,608, and by 1920 probably have reached 750,000,000
[7] The oldest was Charlottenburg (1799), Darmstadt (1822), Carlsruhe (1825), Munich (1827), Dresden (1828), Nureart (1829), Cassel (1830), Hanover (1831), Augsburg (1833), and Brunswick (1835) A similar school, which later developed into a technical university, was founded at Prague, in Bohe ”produces an engineer who is not only older in years, but also raduate of an engineering college in America Whether or not it would be wise to adopt--so far as that would be possible--Geres of the United States, it iven Germany a leadershi+p in applied science and in industry which she will keep unless the educational authorities of other nations find so men of like calibre” (Munroe, James P, ”Technical Education”; in Monroe's _Cyclopedia of Education_)
[9] _Report of Coton, 1914, p 90
[10] The first veterinary school in the world was established at Lyons, France, in 1762; the second at Alfort, a suburb of Paris, in 1766; the third at Berlin, in 1792; and the fourth at London, in 1793