Part 21 (2/2)
Bauseley to
Oswestry 11
165
365
41
Baverstock pa
Shaftesbury 13
292
166
29
Bavington, Great to
Newcastle 20
88
70
29
Bavington, Little to
... 2
291
72
+--+--------------------+-------------------------+-----+-------+
[A] BATTLEDEN lies between the two great north-western roads. The family of Firmband, or Fremband, twice represented the county in parliament, as early as the reign of Edward III. In the reign of Elizabeth it became the property of the Duncombes; and it is to one of this family that we are indebted for the accommodation of the now antiquated sedans, or close chairs; and in the year 1634, Duncombe is said to have procured a patent, which vested in him and his heirs the right of carrying persons ”up and down in them,” for a certain term. ”It is probable, (observes Lysons,) that Sir Saunders, who was a great traveller, had seen them at Sedan, where Dr. Johnson, supposes that they were first made; and it is remarkable that Captain Bayley first introduced the use of Hackney Coaches in the same year.” In the year 1706, this manor was purchased by Allen Bathurst, Esq., a distinguished political character during the reigns of Queen Anne and George I. It was for many years the country seat of Lord Bathurst, and the resort of a celebrated constellation of wits, of whom he was the patron and friend.
[Sidenote: The invention of Sedan chairs.]
[B] BATTLEFIELD is a parish in the liberties of Shrewsbury, and derives its name from a sanguinary battle which was fought there on Sat.u.r.day the 21st of July, 1403, between Henry the Fourth and the Rebels, under Percy, Earl of Nothumberland, and in which Lord Henry Percy, well known as the valiant Hotspur, was slain, together with nearly 2300 gentlemen and others, and upwards of 600 common soldiers fell on that memorable occasion. After this signal victory, Henry the fourth caused a collegiate church to be erected on the spot for secular canons, which was dedicated to Saint Mary Magdalene, the battle having been fought on the anniversary of that day. This college was dissolved in the general wreck of establishments of this kind, when its revenues amounted to 54 10s. 4d. per annum; it is now the parish church. At the east end, over the altar window, is a figure of Henry the Fourth, much defaced by the corroding hand of time. In a niche in the south wall, is a rude carving in wood of the Virgin and child; and in the east window are still to be traced some mutilated remains of stained gla.s.s; but the most interesting object in this church, is a splendid gothic monument, recently erected to the memory of the late John Corbet, Esq. of Sundorne. This beautiful specimen of architecture is called the Tudor gothic; the interior represents the miniature aisle of a cathedral or cloister, with its elaborately groined roof, and the front is adorned by the heraldic blazonings of the family. This fine and highly prized piece of art was designed by the Rev. Archdeacon Owen, of Shrewsbury, and most admirably executed by Messrs. Carline of that town, in a warmly tinted fine grained stone, from the Grins.h.i.+ll quarries in the neighbourhood.
[Sidenote: Battle between Henry the Fourth and Percy of Northumberland.]
[Sidenote: Splendid monument.]
Map
Names of Places.
County.
Number of Miles From
+--+----------------+---------+-------------+--------------+ 27
Bawburgh pa
Norfolk
Norwich 5
Wymondham 5
27
Bawdeswell pa
Norfolk
Reepham 4
Swanton 3
34
Bawdrip pa
Somerset
Bridgewater 4
Glas...o...b..ry 11
36
Bawdsey pa
Suffolk
Woodbridge 8
Orford 10
27
Bawsey pa
Norfolk
Lynn 3
Cas. Rising 4
46
Bawtry[A] m.t.
W.R. York
Doncaster 9
E. Retford 8
39
Baxterly pa
Warwick
Atherstone 5
Tamworth 7
41
Baydon pa
Wilts
Ramsbury 4
Lambourne 4
27
Bayfield pa
Norfolk
Holt 2
Cley 2
18
Bayford pa
Herts
Hertford 4
Hatfield 6
34
Bayford pa
Somerset
Wincaunton 1
Bourton 3
36
Bayleham pa
Suffolk
Needham 3
Ipswich 7
22
Bayley to
Lancaster
c.l.i.theroe 6
Blackburn 7
25
Bayswater[B] ham
Middles.e.x
Tyburn 1
Acton 4
+--+----------------+---------+-------------+--------------+
Dist.
Map
Names of Places.
Number of Miles From
Lond.
Population.
+--+----------------+-----------------------+-----+--------+ 27
Bawburgh pa
E. Dereham 12
105
440
27
Bawdeswell pa
7
107
587
34
Bawdrip pa
Stowey 12
136
373
36
Bawdsey pa
Ipswich 13
80
454
27
Bawsey pa
Middleton 3
99
39
46
Bawtry[A] m.t.
Gainsboro' 13
153
1149
39
Baxterly pa
Coles.h.i.+ll 7
111
189
41
Baydon pa
Swindon 10
69
358
27
Bayfield pa
Wells 10
122
17
18
Bayford pa
Hoddesdon 5
21
332
34
Bayford pa
Mere 6
107
36
Bayleham pa
Bildeston 9
72
238
22
Bayley to
Preston 12
219
25
Bayswater[B] ham
Southall 8
1
+--+----------------+-----------------------+-----+--------+
[A] BAWTRY is a small town situated on the edge of Yorks.h.i.+re, adjoining Nottinghams.h.i.+re. It is handsome and well built; and the high street, through which lies the great North Road from London to Edinburgh, is very broad, and contains some elegant houses. At the upper part of this street is the market-place, in which are some excellent shambles. The town stands on a gentle but pleasant eminence, which slopes from the north and east down to the river Idle, which river is navigable to this place for small craft. On the western side of the town the ground is high and exceedingly pleasant, but the eastern, or marshy side, is subject to frequent winter inundations. The object which most travellers consider more especially worthy of attention, is the elegant mansion of the Viscountess Galway. The edifice is built of brick and is pleasantly situated at the southern extremity of the town; it has an extensive and handsome front, but a high brick wall secludes it from public view. The pleasure grounds which are kept in excellent condition, are stocked with Chinese pheasants, and other rare and curious birds. Near this place the Archbishops of York had a palace; and at this mansion, Archbishop Savage, in the time of Henry VII. delighted to take his pleasure in hunting; and in the next reign it was the residence of Cardinal Wolsey.
The palace stood in a very low and damp situation, close to the confluence of the small river Ryton with the Idle. The great gateway, and the porter's lodge, were taken down towards the end of the last century, and what remains of the palace has been converted into a farm house.
_Market_, Sat.u.r.day.--_Fairs_, Whit-Tuesday; and November 22, for cattle and horses.--_Inn_, Crown--_Mail_ arrives 2.0 afternoon; departs 11.30 morning.
[Sidenote: Seat of the Viscountess Galway.]
[B] BAYSWATER is situated on the Oxford Road, and is the first place pa.s.sed after leaving London; it has been much increased of late by the building of new streets and genteel residences. A reservoir, under the same management as the water works of Chelsea, is in the neighbourhood.
Bayswater Tea Gardens were formerly the Botanic gardens of Sir John Hill, who cultivated there his medicinal plants, and prepared his Water Dock, Essence, and Balsam of Honey. The reservoir before mentioned, was intended for the supply of the palace at Kensington, and the bason before the palace was to be kept constantly full by the proprietors; and, it was upon this condition that the property was granted them. It now supplies that part of the city estates situated in about Bond-street, with water.
Map
Names of Places.
County.
Number of Miles From
+--+-----------------------+----------+-------------+-------------+ 14
Baythorne End
Ess.e.x
Haverhill 4
Ridgewell 2
42
Bayton pa
Worcester
Bewdley 6
Tenbury 8
57
Bayvill pa
Pembroke
Newport 3
Cardigan 9
4
Bayworth ham
Berks
Abingdon 2
Oxford 4
5
Beachampton[A] pa
Bucks
Buckingham 6
Stratford 3
27
Beachamwell pa
Norfolk
Swaffham 6
Stoke Ferry 6
18
Beaches ham
Herts
Buntingford 7
Standon 7
15
Beachley[B] ham
Gloucester
Chepstow 3
Bristol 13
27
Beacon
Norfolk
Cromer 6
Lt. Houses 10
5
Beaconsfield[C] to & pa
Bucks
Uxbridge 8
Wycombe 6
+--+-----------------------+----------+-------------+-------------+
Dist.
Map
Names of Places.
Number of Miles From
Lond.
Population.
+--+-----------------------+------------------------+-----+-------+ 14
Baythorne End
G. Yeldham 5
55
42
Bayton pa
Mamble 2
130
445
57
Bayvill pa
Fishguard 10
248
160
4
Bayworth ham
c.u.mnor 5
58
5
Beachampton[A] pa
Newport 9
53
254
27
Beachamwell pa
Marham 5
94
263
18
Beaches ham
Barkway 6
32
15
Beachley[B] ham
Monmouth 18
131
27
Beacon
Bacton 5
135
5
Beaconsfield[C] to & pa
Amersham 6
23
1763
+--+-----------------------+------------------------+-----+-------+
[A] BEACHAMPTON. The remains of the mansion of the Bennetts have been converted into a farm-house, but the great hall is still standing. In the parish church are some monuments of this family; among which there is one to the memory of Sir Simon Bennett, who was created a baronet in 1627, and is recorded in history as having been a great friend to the poor, and to University College, Oxford. This monument, it appears, was set up by the college 100 years after his death, and great blame is imputed to them for having delayed it so long. Mr. William Elmer, by his will, bearing date 1648, founded a free grammar school in this parish.
The school-house was finished in 1667. The master, by an express clause in the founder's will, must be a single man, and is to reside in the school-house. It is endowed with lands, which are charged with the payment of a certain pension of 2. per annum, to eight poor men, and 1. per annum to as many poor women; and it is further provided, that three of each of these shall be inhabitants of this parish.
[Sidenote: Free grammar school.]
[B] BEACHLEY from its almost insulated situation, has always been of great importance in a military point of view, for there are extensive earthworks of British origin still remaining. Offa's-d.y.k.e, which terminates here, is still to be traced. In the civil wars this place was considered of much importance, for Prince Rupert despatched a body of 500 horse and foot to occupy and fortify it. But history relates, that even before the fortifications were completed, the garrison was dislodged with great loss, by Governor Ma.s.sie. After this, a battle was fought between the royalists and the parliamentary forces, under Sir John Wyntor, when the latter was defeated with the loss of 220 men; and it is currently reported that he himself was forced to leap from the cliff into the river Severn, where a small boat lay ready to receive him; it is certain the place still goes by the name of ”Wyntor's leap.”
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