Part 12 (1/2)
+--+------------------------+------------------------+-----+------+ 39
Atherstone-upon-Stour pa
Campden 9
92
87
22
Atherton, or }
Wigan 7
198
4181
Chowbents to & chap }
10
Atlow chap
Derby 13
139
517
51
Atpar m.t.
Carmarthen 21
230
30
Attenborough[A] pa
Loughboro' 10
119
1094
24
Atterly to
Gainsboro' 12
148
110
45
Attercliffe to
Barnsley 13
162
3741
23
Atterton ham
Nuneaton 5
105
76
31
Attington ex. p. ham
Watlington 6
42
7
27
Attleborough[B] m.t. & p
Watton 10
94
1939
+--+------------------------+------------------------+-----+------+
[A] ATTENBOROUGH. This village, supposed to be the ancient Attenton, lies nearly on the banks of the river Trent. Its church is large, and also well filled: it serves for Chilwell, Toueton, and part of Bramcote.
This place is remarkable, for having given birth to Henry Ireton, the regicide, son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell. He was the eldest son of Gervase Ireton, Esq., and brother to Sir John Ireton, Lord Mayor of London in 1658. He was a gentleman commoner of Trinity College, Oxford, in 1629, and at the age of 19 he took one degree in Arts. Wood tells us, that he had the character in that college of a stubborn and saucy fellow towards the seniors. Afterwards he went to the Middle Temple, where he became grounded in the common law. When the rebellion broke out he took up arms against the king, was a recruiter in the long parliament, and about that time married Bridget, one of the daughters of Cromwell, then only colonel of a regiment. He became first a captain, afterwards colonel, and at length commissary-general, in 1645. He is said to have been the best prayer-maker and preacher in the whole army. He drew up the famous remonstrance requiring justice to be done on their sovereign.
He sat as judge on the king's trial, and was one of the committee that appointed the time and place of execution. In Cromwell's expedition to Ireland, he was appointed second in command, with the rank of major-general, and was afterwards made president of Munster; being left as deputy by Cromwell, in 1649, he died the next year of a sudden disorder at Limerick. On his death, the parliament settled a pension of 2000. per annum on his widow and children, out of the estates of the Duke of Buckingham.
[Sidenote: Birth-place of the regicide, son-in-law of Oliver Cromwell.]
[B] ATTLEBOROUGH, or ATTLEBURGH. This small market town was formerly a place of considerable consequence. During the Saxon era it was a post of strength and served as a check to the Danes in their predatory incursions. Its fortifications are said to have been conspicuous in the time of Henry II. Attleborough formerly belonged to the Mortimers; from them it pa.s.sed to the Ratcliffe family, of whom it was purchased by Sir Francis Blickley, Bart., whence it came into possession of the family of Ash. A college, dedicated to the Holy Cross, was founded here in the reign of Richard II., by Sir Robert de Mortimer, for a custos and four fellows. The church, with the east end is entire; it is in the collegiate form, and consists of a large nave with aisles and a north and south transept; it contains the monuments of many persons of distinction. On a flat stone in the nave is an inscription to the memory of Captain John Gibbs, a celebrated horse racer and gamester, in the reign of Charles I. This person having laid a wager that he would drive his carriage and four horses up and down the steepest place of the Devil's Ditch, on Newmarket Heath, succeeded in winning the bet, by making a very light chaise, with a jointed perch, and without any pole.
It is worthy of remark, that the first turnpike road in the kingdom, was made at Attleborough, by an Act pa.s.sed for that purpose in 1707.
_Market_, Thursday.--_Fairs_, Thursday before Easter; Thursday after Holy Trinity; August 15, for cattle and Toys.--_Mail_ arrives 7.27 A.M.; departs 6.38 P.M.
[Sidenote: Anecdote of Captain J. Gibbs.]
Map
Names of Places.
County.
Number of Miles From
+--+----------------------+--------+--------------+--------------+ 39
Attleborough ham
Warwick
Nuneaton 1
Coventry 9
27
Attlebridge pa
Norfolk
Reepham 5
Aylesham 8
46
Atwicke to & pa
E.R.York
Hornsea 2
Bridlington 12
24
Auborn to & pa
Lincoln
Lincoln 8
Newark 10
13
Auckland, St.}
Andrew[A]} to & pa
Durham
Bp. Auckland 1
Darlington 11
13
Auckland, St. Helen ch
Durham
... 3
... 10
13
Auckland, West to
Durham
... 3
... 10
14
Audley End[B] ham
Ess.e.x
Saff. Walden 1
Newport 2
7
Audlem to & pa
Chester
Nantwich 6
Whitchurch 9
+--+----------------------+--------+--------------+--------------+
Dist.
Map
Names of Places.
Number of Miles From
Lond.
Population.
+--+----------------------+-----------------------+--------------+ 39
Attleborough ham
Hinckley 5
100
27
Attlebridge pa
Norwich 9
112
117
46
Atwicke to & pa
Beverley 13
189
285
24
Auborn to & pa
Navenby 6
127
356
13
Auckland, St.}
Andrew[A]} to & pa
Durham 11
248
11137
13
Auckland, St. Helen ch
... 13
246
410
13
Auckland, West to
... 13
246
1106
14
Audley End[B] ham
Chesterford 4
42
7
Audlem to & pa
Woore 5
163
2978
+--+----------------------+-----------------------+----+---------+
[A] ST. ANDREWS, AUCKLAND. This place is celebrated for the church having been made collegiate by Bishop Beck, although it is probable there was some foundation here before the time of that prelate. The edifice is situated on a rising ground, in a valley near the banks of the river Gaunless, and has the form of a cross with a tower at the west end. In the inside is a curious wooden figure, said to be an effigy of one of the family of Polland, which represents a knight sitting cross-legged and dressed in a coat of mail, with his hands raised and his feet resting on a lion.
[Sidenote: Curious effigy.]
[B] AUDLEY END is princ.i.p.ally celebrated for its vicinity to Audley House, which was sold by the third Earl of Suffolk, to Charles II., for 50,000., the king, however, left a great part of the sum on mortgage.
The present mansion, though a large and magnificent structure, consists only of a small part of the original building, owing to its curtailment at various times. When in its perfect state, it was esteemed one of the most splendid and capacious mansions in the country; and, if not superior, was nearly equal to the palaces of Hampton Court, Nonsuch, and Richmond. At the time when it was first built, large, rather than comfortable or handsome houses were fas.h.i.+onable. Influenced by these sentiments, Thomas Howard, the first Earl of Suffolk, (as Walpole observes,) determined to have ”an immense pile of building,” and 190,000. was expended upon its erection. It is said that, when the house was finished, King James was invited to see it. Having surveyed the structure with great astonishment, the earl asked him ”how he liked it?” ”Very well,” replied James, ”but troth man,” continued he sarcastically, ”it is too much for a king, but it may do for a Lord High Treasurer.” An elegant domestic chapel, constructed by the late Lord Howard, occupies the north west corner of the house. It is fitted up with cl.u.s.tered columns, pointed arches, and fan like tracery; and, in imitation of a cathedral, it has a nave, side-aisles and transepts. The windows are filled with painted gla.s.s, by Pickett of York, who executed them in 1771, from Biaggio Rebecca's designs.
_Fair_, August 5, for cheese.
[Sidenote: Anecdote of James I.]
Map
Names of Places.
County.
Number of Miles From
+--+-----------------------+----------+------------+--------------+ 35
Audley to & pa
Stafford
Newcastle 4
Leek 14
22
Aughton chap
Lancaster
Lancaster 7
K. Lonsdale 8
22
Aughton pa
Lancaster
Ormskirk 2
Liverpool 10
46
Aughton[A] to & pa
E.R. York
Howden 7
Selby 7
45
Aughton to
W.R. York
Rotherham 5
Sheffield 7
24
Aukborough[B] pa
Lincoln
Barton 10
Burton 3
30
Aukley to
Nottingham
Bawtry 5
Gainsboro' 13
10
Ault-Hucknall pa
Derby
Mansfield 6
Chesterfield 7
24
Aunsby pa
Lincoln
Folkingham 6
Sleaford 6
15
Aust, or Aust-Clive[C]}
ti. & chap}
Gloucester
Thornbury 4
Bristol 11
+--+-----------------------+----------+------------+--------------+
Dist.
Map
Names of Places.
Number of Miles From
Lond.
Population.
+--+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----+--------+ 35
Audley to & pa
Congleton 9
154
3617
22
Aughton chap
Burton 7
217
199
22
Aughton pa
Prescott 10
208
1462
46
Aughton[A] to & pa
York 11
189
665
45
Aughton to
Tickhill 11
156
24
Aukborough[B] pa
Howden 10
172
467
30
Aukley to
Doncaster 6
158
297
10
Ault-Hucknall pa
Bolsover 4
144
618
24
Aunsby pa
Grantham 9
112
117
15
Aust, or Aust-Clive[C]}
ti. & chap}
Chepstow 5
123
203
+--+-----------------------+-----------------------+-----+--------+
[A] AUGHTON. This village is chiefly distinguished for having been the seat of an ancient and respectable family long since extinct, or dispersed. The Askes, who succeeded the family of Hai, resided here from about the year 1365, till the reign of Charles I., when the head of the family was one of the judges of that unfortunate monarch. Of this family, also, was Sir Robert Aske, a man of daring and enthusiastic courage, possessing considerable talents, who headed the insurrection called ”the Pilgrimage of Grace,” in the days of Henry VIII. Of the family seat, nothing remains but the site, marked by several moats.
[Sidenote: Once the seat of Sir Robert Aske.]
[B] AUKBOROUGH. Dr. Stukely having discovered a Roman castrum and a vicinal road here, supposed it to be the Aquis of Ravennas. The Roman station is square, each side 300 feet; the entrance is at the north, and the west side faces the steep cliff that over-hangs the Trent. The situation of this castle at the north-west angle of Lincolns.h.i.+re, renders it a kind of watch tower over Nottingham and Yorks.h.i.+re, which it surveys. The camp is now called ”Countess Close,” and tradition speaks of a Countess of Warwick having resided here. The vallum and ditch are nearly entire; a square plat called the ”Oreen,” is supposed to have been appropriated for the soldiers when on duty. Within this is a round walk into a labyrinth, called Julian's Bower; these bowers are usually found in the neighbourhood of Roman towns, and are objects of great curiosity to uninformed people. Dr. Stukeley is of opinion that they were the arena of some of their ancient games, brought into Italy from Troy, and that they derived their name from ”borough,” any work consisting of ramparts of earth, and not from ”bower” an arbour. The views in this neighbourhood are very beautiful; the winding Trent with its rich level plains of meadow, all alive with herds of cattle; the cliff, commanding a n.o.ble view of the three rivers; the hanging woods and ornamented walks, all form a great contrast to what Lincolns.h.i.+re is often represented by those who have visited only the fenny parts of this fertile county.
[Sidenote: Julian's bower.]
[C] AUST, or AUST CLIVE. Here is a celebrated ferry over the Severn into South Wales. The Propraetor, Ostorius Scapula, was accustomed to ferry his legions over near this place. In the time of Edward the Elder, who was lying here with his army, Llewellyn, Prince of Wales, was stationed at Beachley, on the opposite bank. Llewellyn, who was required to pay homage to the English Sovereign, refused to cross the pa.s.sage; but Edward immediately crossing in a boat, was seen, as he approached the sh.o.r.e by Llewellyn, who, overcome by the condescension, rushed into the water, and taking the monarch upon his shoulders, carried him to land, and did him homage for the princ.i.p.ality. The Severn is here nearly two miles across.
[Sidenote: Celebrated pa.s.sage into South Wales.]
Map