Part 97 (1/2)

This is a _co two simple sentences

Both of the clauses are independent and are of equal rank Neither depends upon the other They are united by the co-ordinate conjunction _and_ We can combine these sentences in a different way For example, we may say:

If we are united, we shall succeed

Noe have a subordinate clause, _if we are united_, which is used to modify the verb of the main clause, _succeed_ We have used the subordinate conjunction _if_, and so we have a _co the principal clause and a dependent clause

+442+ The next step in sentence building, after the simple sentence, is the complex sentence A complex sentence is a combination of two or more simple sentences, which are so united that one sentence remains the main sentence--the backbone, as it were--and the other sentence becomes subordinate or dependent upon it

+443+ +A co a principal clause and one or more subordinate clauses+

+A principal clause is one which makes a complete statement without the help of any other clause or clauses+

+A subordinate or dependent clause is one whichsome word or words in the principal clause+

KINDS OF DEPENDENT CLAUSES

+444+ Dependent clauses are of three kinds They may be used either as _nouns_, _adjectives_ or _adverbs_, and so are called _noun clauses_, _adjective clauses_ or _adverb clauses_

NOUN CLAUSES

+445+ +Noun clauses are those which are used in place of a noun+ They may be used in any way in which a noun may be used, except as a possessive

1 +The noun clause may be used as the subject of the sentence+ For example:

_That he is innocent_ is admitted by all

The clause, _that he is innocent_ is used as a _noun_, the subject of the sentence

2 +The noun clause may be used as the object of a verb+, thus:

I aduument_, is in this sentence the object of the verb _admit_

3 +The noun clause may be used as the predicate complement+, thus:

The fact is _that this policy will never win_

The clause, _that this policy will never win_, is here used in the predicate with the copulative verb _is_

4 +The noun clausethe noun hich it is used+, thus:

The motion, _that the question should be reconsidered_, was carried

_That the question should be reconsidered_, is here a noun clause, used in apposition with the noun _ of the noun

5 +The noun clause may also be used as the object of a preposition+, thus:

I now refer to _what he claims_

The noun clause, _what he claims_, is here the object of the preposition, _to_

Exercise 2