Part 14 (2/2)
The calculation of e is therefore simplicity itself The rule is: (1) Credit the subject with all the tests below the point where the exaoes back until a year group has been found in which all the tests are passed); and (2) add to this basal credit 2year X, 3 months for each test passed in XII, 4 months for each test passed in XIV, 5 e adult,” and 6 months for each success in ”superior adult”
For example, let us suppose that a child passes all the tests in VI, five of the six tests in VII, three in VIII, two in IX, and one in X
The total credit earned is as follows:--
_Years__Months_ Credit presupposed, years I to V 5 Credit earned in VI, 6 tests passed, 2 months each 1 Credit earned in VII, 5 tests passed, 2 months each 10 Credit earned in VIII, 3 tests passed, 2 months each 6 Credit earned in IX, 2 tests passed, 2 months each 4 Credit earned in X, 1 test passed, 2a subject who tests higher, let us suppose the following tests are passed: All in X, six of the eight in XII, two of the six in XIV, and one of the six in ”average adult” The total credit is as follows:--
_Years__Months_ Credit presupposed, years I to IX 9 Credit earned in X, 6 tests passed, 2 months each 1 Credit earned in XII, 6 tests passed, 3 months each 1 6 Credit earned in XIV, 2 tests passed, 4 e adult,” 1 success, 5 months 5 ---- ---- Total credit 12 7
One other point: If one or roup have been oht or lack of tiiven in such a year group should be evaluated Suppose, for exaiven only four of the six tests in a given year, and that he passes two, or half of those given In such a case the probability would be that had all six tests been given, three would have been passed; that is, one half of all
It is evident, therefore, that when a test has been oned to each of those given
If all six tests are given in any year group below XII, each has a value of 2 iven, each has a value of 3 iven, each has a value of 24 ht tests are given, each has a value of 4 roup only five of the six tests are given, each has a value of 6 months instead of the usual 5 months In this connection it will need to be ree adult” tests have a combined value of 30 months (6 tests, 5 months each); also that the combined value of the six ”superior adult” tests is 36 ly, if only five of the six ”superior adult”
tests are given, the value of each is 36 5 = 72 months
For example, let us suppose that a subject has been tested as follows: All the six tests in X were given and all were passed; only six of the eight in XII were given and five were passed; five of the six in XIV were given and three were passed; five of the six in ”average adult”
were given and one was passed; five were given in ”superior adult” and no credit earned The result would be as follows:--
_Years__Months_ Credit presupposed, years I to IX 9 Credit earned in X, 6 given, 6 successes 1 Credit earned in XII, 6 given, 5 passed Unit value of each test given is 24 6 = 4 Total value of the 5 tests passed is 5 4 or 1 8 Credit earned in XIV, 5 tests given, 3 passed Unit value of each of the 5 given is 24 5 = 48
Value of the 3 passed is 3 48, or 0 14+ Credit earned in ”average adult,” 5 tests given, 1 passed Unit value of the 5 tests given is 30 5 = 6 Value of the 1 success 0 6 Credit earned in ”superior adult” 0 0 ---- ---- Total credit 13 4+
The calculation of e is really simpler than our verbal illustrations make it appear After the operation has been performed twenty or thirty tier of error
THE USE OF THE INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT As elsewhere explained, the e alone does not tell us ant to know about a child's intelligence status The significance of a given number of years of retardation or acceleration depends upon the age of the child A 3-year-old child who is retarded one year is ordinarily feeble-minded; a 10-year-old retarded one year is only a little below nore is retarded one year will probably be retarded two years at the age of 6, three years at the age of 9, and four years at the age of 12
What ant to know, therefore, is the ratio existing between ence quotient, or I Q To find it we sie (expressed in years and e (also expressed in years and e in ter The division can, of course, be perforer of error by the use of a slide rule or a division table One who has to calculate ence quotients should by all means use some kind of mechanical help
HOW TO FIND THE I Q OF ADULT SUBJECTS Native intelligence, in so far as it can be measured by tests now available, appears to ie of 15 or 16 years It follows that in calculating the I Q of an adult subject, it will be necessary to disregard the years he has lived beyond the point where intelligence attains its final developh the location of this point is not exactly known, it will be sufficiently accurate for our purpose to assuly, any person over 16 years of age, however old, is for purposes of calculating I Q considered to be just 16 years old If a youth of 18 and a e of 12 years, the I Q in each case is 12 16, or 75
The significance of various values of the I Q is set forth elsewhere[44] Here it need only be repeated that 100 I Q ence; that nearly all who are below 70 or 75 I Q are feeble-minded; and that the child of 125 I Q is about as rade feeble-e
For ordinary purposes all who fall between 95 and 105 I Q ence
[44] See Chapter VI
MATERIAL FOR USE IN TESTING It is strongly recoular Stanford record booklets be used These are so arranged as toaccurate, rapid, and convenient They contain square, diaits, and selections for , the dissected sentences, arithmetical problems, etc One is required for each child tested[45]
[45] Houghton Mifflin Company will supply all the printedthe lines for the forms for VI, 2, the four pictures for ”enumeration,” ”description,” and ”interpretation,”
the pictures for V, 3 and VI, 2, the colors, designs for X, 3, the code for Average Adult 6, and score cards for square, dians, and ball-and-field
This is all the material required for the use of the Stanford revision, except the five weights for IX, 2, and V, 1, and the Healy-Fernald Construction Puzzle for X These& Co, 3037 Carroll Avenue, Chicago It is not necessary, however, to have the weights and the Construction Puzzle, as the presence of one or more alternative tests in each year makes it possible to substitute other tests instead of those requiring these materials This saves considerable expense Apart froes 278, 279) or dispensed with, the only necessary equip the Stanford revision is a copy of this book with the acco set of printed matter, and the record booklets The record booklets are supplied only in packages of 25
CHAPTER IX