Part 81 (2/2)
=Wiseman, Nicholas Patrick Stephen= (1802-1865). Born at Seville, Spain.
Educated at St. Cuthbert's College, Ushaw, near Durham, and the English College in Rome. Took a leading part in the Oxford movement. Created arch-archbishop of Westminster, and cardinal, 1850. =Index=: =B= His pastoral letter defending the papal bull dividing England into Roman Catholic sees, and George Brown's reply, 44-45. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat.
Biog._
=Wolfe, James= (1727-1759). =WM= Intrusted by William Pitt with command of expedition against Quebec, 65, 73; singular anecdote of, 65; birth and personal characteristics, 66, 67; at Dettingen and Culloden, 68; in Paris, 69; attached to the Louisbourg expedition, 70; falls in love, 70, 72; returns to England, 71; his criticism of the Louisbourg campaign, 72; made brigadier and intrusted with expedition against Quebec, 73; bids farewell to father and mother, 74; has under him three brigadiers, 74; hears of his father's death, 76; his plan for the attack, 76-78; proceeds to upper end of island of Orleans, 93; perceives all the difficulty of the situation, 96; his proclamation to the Canadians, 101; advances to Pointe Levis, 108; decides on bombardment of Quebec, 110; seizes left bank of Montmorency River, 112; his hesitancy, 119; courtesy to prisoners taken by Carleton, 125; tries to bridge Montmorency, 127; attempts pa.s.sage of Montmorency by a ford, 128; protests against use of fire-rafts, 130; his poor opinion of Canadian militia, 132, 173; his plan to bring on general engagement, 134; unsuccessfully attacks French position at Montmorency, 139-143; greatly appreciates kindness shown to Ochterlony, 145; after defeat at Montmorency, bombards city with increased severity, 145; burns country on both sides of the St.
Lawrence, 149; ill of fever at Ange Gardien, 154; his great activity and energy, 154; hands command over to his brigadiers, 154; his three plans for attack, 154; accepts plans of brigadiers, 155; convalescent, 156; letter to his mother, 156; his extreme despondency, 157; abandons position at Montmorency, 158; resolves to attack above Quebec, 159; gives general order to be ready for early landing, 163; goes to Pointe-aux-Trembles to reconnoitre, 164; his great discouragement expressed in letter to Lord Holdernesse, 166; goes down opposite Le Foulon and makes careful examination of it, 168; his propositions to council of war, as narrated by French author, 169; visits each s.h.i.+p in the fleet above Quebec, 170; his last proclamation from H.M.S.
_Sutherland_, 172; bequests in his will, 175; intrusts portrait of Miss Lowther to Captain Jervis, 175; his boat takes the lead in moving down the river, 179; his conversation in the boat, 179; recites Gray's _Elegy_, 180; climbs up cliff and arranges troops in line of battle, 182; advances towards Quebec, 186; marches to battle at head of his troops, 197; death of, 200; his remains conveyed to England on _Royal William_, 238; grief of his mother, 239; monument to, in Westminster Abbey, 239. =Dr= His friends.h.i.+p for Carleton, 30; secures his appointment to Quebec expedition, 31. =P= Causes of his victory at Quebec, 143. =BL= Sydenham ranked with, 112. =Hd= Besieges Quebec, 25; preparations made in event of his failure, 28; his success and death, 34; compared with Amherst, 35; Gugy comes with, to Quebec, 62; glories won by, on Plains of Abraham, 121. =Bib.=: Doughty, _Siege of Quebec_; Wood, _Fight for Canada_; Willson, _Life and Letters of James Wolfe_; Salmon, _Life of Wolfe_; Bradley, _Life of Wolfe_ and _The Fight with France_.
=Wolford Lodge.= =S= In Devon, family estate of Simcoe, 40, 220, 222.
=Wolseley, Garnet Joseph, Viscount= (1833- ). Born in Golden Bridge House, Dublin county, Ireland. In 1852 entered the army as ensign; served in the Burmese War, 1852-1853; in the Crimean War, 1854-1856; and in India, 1857; in 1861 sent to Canada in connection with the _Trent_ incident; in 1867 deputy-quartermaster-general of Canada; and in 1869-1870 commanded the Red River Expedition during the Riel Rebellion; commanded the British army in the Ashantee War of 1873-1874; and in Egypt, 1882, and 1884-1885; field-marshal in 1894; and commander-in-chief of the army, 1895-1900. =Index=: =C= His expedition to North-West, 69-70; his article in _Blackwood's Magazine_, 70-71; his quarrel with Cartier, 130. =Md= Leads expedition against Riel, 161; gains a bloodless victory, 162. =Bib.=: _Story of a Soldier's Life_. For biog., _see_ _Who's Who_.
=Wood, Edmund Burke= (1820-1882). Born near Fort Erie, Ontario. Educated at Overton College, Ohio. Called to the bar of Upper Canada, 1848, and appointed clerk of the County Court of Brant, 1853. Represented West Brant in the Canadian a.s.sembly, 1863-1867. After Confederation returned for both the Ontario a.s.sembly and the Dominion House of Commons, but resigned the latter seat, 1872. Held office as provincial treasurer in the Sandfield-Macdonald ministry, 1867-1871. Elected to the House of Commons for West Durham, 1873. Appointed chief-justice of Manitoba, 1874. Died in Winnipeg. =Bib.=: Dent, _Can. Por._
=Wood, Enoch.= =W= Methodist clergyman in Fredericton, 133; his influence over L. A. Wilmot, 133.
=Wood Creek.= =F= Expedition against Montreal encamps at, 280.
=Wool, Captain.= =Bk= Succeeds in landing United States troops above Queenston, 303.
=Wooster, David= (1710-1777). Born in Stratford, Connecticut. Graduated at Yale University. Took part in the expedition against Louisbourg, 1745; in 1776 served as brigadier-general of the American forces in Canada. =Index=: =Dr= Montgomery leaves him in charge at Montreal, 116; on death of Montgomery, succeeds to command at Quebec, 132; his army reinforced, 134; criticized in Franklin's report, 136; recalled, 136.
=Bib.=: _Cyc. Am. Biog._
=Work, or Wark, John= (1792-1861). Born in Ireland. Entered service of Hudson's Bay Company, 1814; employed east of the mountains until 1822, when transferred to the Columbia; in charge of Fort Simpson, 1835-1849; appointed chief factor, 1846; removed to Victoria, 1849, as one of the managers of the Company's affairs on the Pacific slope. In 1857 a member of the Legislative Council of Vancouver Island. Died at Victoria.
=Index=: =D= Leads expedition into wilds of Oregon and the Upper Missouri in 1834, 132; member of Victoria board of management, 265; his death, 265. =Bib.=: Bancroft, _History of British Columbia_; Walbran, _British Columbia Coast Names_.
=Workman, T.= =Md= Liberal, elected for Montreal in by-election in 1876, 224.
=Wrangell, Ferdinand Petrovitch, Baron von= (1796-1870). Born in Pleskau, Esthonia. Educated in the school for cadets in St. Petersburg.
Entered the Russian navy in 1812; in 1817 took part in a scientific expedition to Siberia and Kamtchatka; and in 1820 commanded an expedition to explore the Russian polar seas, which reached 72 2' north lat.i.tude. In 1827 appointed governor of Russian America (Alaska), and during his administration made surveys of the country, opened roads, built bridges, and inst.i.tuted various other reforms and improvements. In 1834 recalled to Russia; in 1837 rear-admiral; in 1847 vice-admiral.
Strongly opposed to the cession of Alaska to the United States. =Index=: =D= Succeeds Baranoff in Russian America, 45.
=Wright, Justice.= =S= Barrack-master, 47.
=Wright, Philemon= (1760-1839). Born in Woburn, Ma.s.sachusetts. In 1800 emigrated to Canada, and ascended the river Ottawa sixty miles beyond any previous known settler, with the object of selecting a suitable tract of land for a settlement. Eventually chose the site of the present town of Hull, Quebec, and received a grant from the government. Imported several of the best breeds of cattle from Great Britain, and, introducing other improvements, the agricultural settlement grew into an important and thriving towns.h.i.+p.
=Wyoming District.= =Hd= Laid waste, 151.
=X Y Company.= Founded at Montreal in 1795 by several partners of the North West Company, who had become dissatisfied with the administration of the old company, and particularly resented the autocratic ways of its chief, Simon McTavish, popularly known among the fur traders, because of his domineering manner, as ”Le Premier,” and ”Le Marquis.” The backbone of the new concern was the powerful Montreal firm of Forsyth, Richardson & Co. Alexander Mackenzie was almost persuaded to join the new company in 1795, but did not actually do so until 1801. Meanwhile the X Y Company had built a post at Grand Portage in 1797, and followed their rivals to the a.s.siniboine, the Saskatchewan, the Athabaska, and even into the remote Peace River country. On the death of McTavish, in 1804, the two companies were united as the North West Company. =Index=: =MS= Organized by malcontents from North West Company, 6, 92; builds rival post at Grand Portage, 93; Mackenzie becomes the head of, 98; absorbed by North-West Company, 1804, 99. =Bib.=: Ma.s.son, _Bourgeois de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest_; Bryce, _Hudson's Bay Company_.
=Yale, James Murray.= Entered the service of the Hudson's Bay Company about 1815, when still a boy, and after some years' service east of the mountains, transferred to New Caledonia. Eventually promoted to the rank of chief factor; and retired from the service about 1870, settling near Victoria, where he died. Fort Yale on the Fraser River was named after him. =Index=: =D= At Stewart Lake, 99; in command at Fort George, 1823, 105. =Bib.=: Bancroft, _History of British Columbia_.
=Yamaska River.= Rises in Brome Lake. After a course of about ninety miles falls into the St. Lawrence at the head of Lake St. Peter.
=Index=: =Ch= Named by Champlain, De Genes, 52.
=Yellowhead Pa.s.s.= Through the Rocky Mountains. Elevation, 3733 feet above sea level. The summit of the pa.s.s is eighteen miles in a straight line from the Athabaska River. Yellowhead Lake, a little west of the summit, discharges its waters into the Fraser River. Because of its easy gradients, this pa.s.s was favoured by (Sir) Sandford Fleming as the route for the Canadian Pacific Railway, but political considerations forced the selection of the much more difficult Kicking Horse Pa.s.s.
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