Part 22 (1/2)
=Douglas, David= (1798-1834). Made extensive botanical collections on the Pacific coast of North America, for the Horticultural Society of London, 1824-1826. Crossed the continent from Fort Vancouver, on the Columbia, to Hudson Bay; met Sir John Franklin there and returned with him to England. Came out again to the Columbia River on a similar mission, 1829, and went from there to the Hawaiian Islands, where he was killed. The gigantic Douglas fir named after him.
=Douglas, Sir Howard= (1776-1861). Entered the army, 1794; commanded a regiment at Quebec, 1797; served at Corunna and Flus.h.i.+ng, 1809. After discharging various military missions, appointed governor of New Brunswick, 1823, holding the position until 1828. Lord high commissioner of the Ionian Islands, 1835-1840. =Index=: =W= His efforts on behalf of King's College, New Brunswick, 50-51. =T= His appearance described, 6.
=Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._
=Douglas, Sir James= (1803-1877). =MS= A man of Imperial mind, 225; highest qualities as administrator, 225; with Dr. McLoughlin, 225; marries daughter of William Connolly, 225; chief factor, 1840, 226; governor of Vancouver Island, 1851, 225; knighted, 225; receives Simpson at Fort St. James, 238. =D= Visits Etoline, Russian governor, 1842, 45-46; in New Caledonia, 59-60; character, 84-91; dearth of doc.u.mentary material for his life, 90; born Demerara, Aug. 15, 1803, 91; parentage, 92; educated in Scotland, 92-93; sails for Canada, 1820, and enters service of North West Company, 93; meets John McLoughlin at Fort William, 93; McLoughlin persuades him to join Hudson's Bay Company, 94; accompanies McLoughlin to Columbia department, 94; McLoughlin's friends.h.i.+p for Douglas, 94; his training under McLoughlin, 96; sent to New Caledonia, 96; accompanies William Connolly over mountains, 99; with Connolly at Fort St. James, 100; with John Tod at McLeod Lake, 100; his activities there, 100-102; marries Amelia Connolly, 103; transferred to Fort Vancouver, 1830, 103-110; family life there, 103; eldest daughter marries Dallas, afterwards governor of Hudson's Bay Company at Winnipeg, 103; his work in New Caledonia, 104; his connection with Fort George ma.s.sacre, 105-109; receives Sir George Simpson at Fort St. James, 109; at Fort Vancouver, 110; revises system of accounting at Fort Vancouver, 121; in charge of York Factory express, 1835, 121; in charge of party that raised British flag above Fort Stikine, 1840, 121-122; builds Fort Durham, 122; sent to dismantle Fort Durham, 122; moves Fort McLoughlin to head of Vancouver Island, 122; sent to treat with Mexican governor, 1840, 126-127; succeeds McLoughlin as manager of Puget Sound Agricultural Company, 132; severs his connection, 1859, on accepting governors.h.i.+p of Vancouver Island and British Columbia, 132; becomes chief trader, 1852, 135; chief factor, 1840, 133; founds Victoria, 1843, 146; examines site for fort on Vancouver Island, 176; commands expedition charged with the building of the fort, 177; selects site, 178; proceeds next to dismantle Forts Taku and McLoughlin, 178; brings Bolduc, first missionary, to Vancouver Island, 178; completes Fort Camosun (Victoria), 179; returns to Fort Vancouver, 180; a.s.sociated with McLoughlin and Ogden on board of management of western department, 187; succeeds McLoughlin in charge of western department, 1846, 187; succeeds Blanshard as governor of Vancouver Island, 205; dual position of Hudson's Bay Company officer and representative of crown, 207; establishes representative government, 1856, 208-210; his inaugural speech, 211-215; reports gold on Queen Charlotte Island, 220; issues gold-mining licenses, 221; reports gold discoveries on Upper Columbia, etc., 223; difficulties with the miners, 227; visits the camps, 227-228; appointed governor of British Columbia, 229; retires from Hudson's Bay Company, 229-230; full powers of government given him under instructions of colonial secretary, 1858, 231; Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton's opinion of him, 234-235; his administration of the government, 236; appoints provincial officers, 240-241; second visit to the mining camps, 243-245; proposes Queensborough as name of capital of British Columbia, 247; settles Hill's Bar affair, 248; builds roads, 249-253; 257; his resourcefulness, 249-250; plans for a transcontinental road, 253-254; financial problems, 258-262; charged with extravagance, 261; his prejudice in favour of Hudson's Bay Company, 263; defends their policy, 264-265; justice to the natives, 267; recommends church endowments, 270-271; conflict with a.s.sembly over site of public buildings, 272-273; governors.h.i.+p of Vancouver Island ends, 1863,--knighthood,--succeeded by Arthur Kennedy,--retires from governors.h.i.+p of mainland of British Columbia, 1864, 289; advocates union of British Columbia and Vancouver Island, 295; public appreciation of his rule as governor, 304; leaves British Columbia and sails for Europe, 308-309; his personal side, 309; death, Aug. 1, 1877, 310; wife dies, 1891, 310; his character and achievements as man, fur trader, and statesman, 342-354; compared with McLoughlin, 351-353; personal appearance, 350-351. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Cel.
Can._; Dent, _Can. Por._; _Cyc. Am. Biog._; Bancroft, _History of British Columbia_; Begg, _History of British Columbia_.
=Douglas, Captain W. M.= =D= With Meares on North-West Coast, 1788, 27; at Cook River, 27; arrives at Nootka from Cook River with cargo of sea-otter, 28; sails for Sandwich Islands, 28; returns to Nootka, 28; sails from Nootka to Queen Charlotte Islands, 29.
=Doutre, Joseph= (1825-1886). Born in Beauharnois, Quebec. Called to the bar, 1847. Early became a leader of the Liberal party. One of the founders of _Le Pays_, besides contributing to other newspapers. As a result of one of his articles, fought a duel with Georges E. Cartier, but without serious consequences. Joined the _Inst.i.tut Canadien_ at Montreal, and became the president, 1852. Took a leading part in opposition to the Roman Catholic Church in the ”Joseph Guibord Case.”
Counsel for the Dominion government before the Halifax Fisheries Commission. =Index=: =C= Liberal leader in Quebec, 25; protests against Dorion entering Cartier's administration, 106-107. =Bib.=: Works: _Les Fiances de 1812_; _Le Frere et la Soeur_; _Les Sauvages du Canada_; _The Const.i.tution of Canada_. For biog., _see_ Willison, _Sir Wilfrid Laurier and the Liberal Party_.
=Doutre, R.= =E= Member of the _Parti Rouge_, 108.
=Douville, d'Agneau.= =Hd= Abandons French post at Toronto, 26.
=Dow, Dr=. =T= Candidate in York, New Brunswick, 108.
=Downs.h.i.+re, Wills Hill, first Marquis of= (1718-1793). Secretary of state for colonies, 1768-1772. =Index=: =Dr= Approves Carleton's recommendations, 51. =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._
=Doyle, Sir Charles Hastings= (1805-1883). Served in the army. Commander of the forces in Nova Scotia, 1861-1868; lieutenant-governor of New Brunswick, 1866-1867; lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia, 1867-1870; commander of the forces in British North America, 1870-1874. =Index=: =H= Lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia; Sir John Macdonald his guest in 1868, 213, =Bib.=: _Dict. Nat. Biog._; Campbell, _History of Nova Scotia_.
=Doyle, Lawrence O'Connor=. =H= Contributed to _The Club_ in Howe's _Nova Scotian_, 9; his wit, 35; offered seat in government, 103-104; elected for Halifax, 106; member of Uniacke government, 110. =Bib.=: Bourinot, _Builders of Nova Scotia_.
=Drake, Sir Francis= (1540?-1596). Sailed from Plymouth for the River Plate, 1577; pa.s.sed through the Straits of Magellan, 1578; plundered Valparaiso, 1579, and explored the western coast of North America the same year; returned to England, 1580, by way of the Cape of Good Hope.
Vice-admiral of the fleet in the defeat of the Spanish Armada off Gravelines, 1588. Died on board his own s.h.i.+p off Porto Bello and buried at sea. =Index=: =D= On Pacific coast, 7, 8; lays foundation of British naval supremacy, 16; takes possession of Pacific coast for Queen Elizabeth, 62; and the Spaniards, 147. =Bib.=: Southey, _Lives of the Admirals_; Corbett, _Drake and the Tudor Navy_; Payne, _Voyages of the Elizabethan Seamen to America_; Froude, _English Seamen in the Seventeenth Century_; Laut, _Vikings of the Pacific_; _Dict. Nat. Biog._
=Draper, William Henry= (1801-1877). Born in London, England. In his youth ran away to sea and served on an East Indiaman. Came to Canada in 1821 and taught school at Port Hope; subsequently studied law and began practice at York. Elected to a.s.sembly of Upper Canada for city of Toronto in 1836, and made a member of the Executive Council. During the Rebellion of 1837 acted as aide-de-camp to the lieutenant-governor. In March, 1837, became solicitor-general, and in 1840 promoted to office of attorney-general. After the union of the provinces retained in the Executive Council as attorney-general of Upper Canada. It fell to his lot to pilot the ministry through the stormy debates of the first session, and to resist the attacks of Baldwin, Hincks, and their fellow-Reformers. In September, 1842, saw the necessity of resigning and gave way in order that the La Fontaine-Baldwin ministry might be formed.
In 1843 appointed to the Legislative Council, where he led the opposition. On the resignation of the La Fontaine-Baldwin ministry in December, 1843, accepted office with Viger, and in the exciting election held in the autumn of 1844 obtained a bare majority for the new ministry. In January, 1845, resigned his seat in the Legislative Council and elected to the a.s.sembly for London. An unsuccessful attempt to secure the support of the French-Canadian Reform section discredited him with the Tories of Upper Canada, and in May, 1847, withdrew from the Cabinet, and shortly afterwards resigned his seat in the a.s.sembly.
Appointed puisne judge of the Court of Queen's Bench for Upper Canada, and in 1856 made chief justice of the Court of Common Pleas. In July, 1863, succeeded Archibald McLean as chief justice of Upper Canada, and in 1869 appointed president of the Court of Error and Appeal. Continued to act in this position until his death. =Index=: =Md= Joins Metcalfe's administration, 19; seeks seat in a.s.sembly, 23-24; his administration, 24; recommends Macdonald for office of commissioner of crown lands, 26; accepts judges.h.i.+p and withdraws from public life, 27-28; commissioner to represent Canada before Hudson's Bay Committee, 1857, 83. =BL= Appointed attorney-general, Upper Canada, 1841, 76; his previous career, 77; his character, 77; Baldwin's att.i.tude to, 80; pledged to support the administration, 81; succeeds in carrying on government, 85; in discussion as to speakers.h.i.+p, 88; his public policy, 90; defines his position on question of responsible government, 91-92, 94; his nickname of ”Sweet William,” 92; his successful policy, 95; difficulties with French-Canadians, 96-97; realizes need for reconstruction of ministry, 115, 122; resigns office, 123; reads Bagot's letter to La Fontaine in the a.s.sembly, 124; his speech in the a.s.sembly, Sept. 13, 1842, 127; resigns, 132; appointed to Legislative Council, 177; opposes transfer of capital to Montreal, 183; opposes Baldwin's University Bill, 197; supports Metcalfe, 212; executive councillor, 216; referred to in George Brown's speech, 224; visits Lower Canada, and reports to Metcalfe on political situation, 236-263; forms ministry, 246; attorney-general for Upper Canada, 247; secures narrow majority in elections, 1844, 250-251; his political dexterity, 253-255; his University Bill, 256; his scheme for obtaining French-Canadian support, 258-235; his policy, 266-267; his government dying, 276; resigns and becomes puisne judge of Court of Queen's Bench, 276; his University Bill, 293; his munic.i.p.al legislation, 299; his Indemnification Bill of 1845, 307-308. =Sy= Solicitor-general, introduces Union resolution in Upper Canada Legislative a.s.sembly, 206, 213; brings in bill for settlement of Clergy Reserves question, 245; made attorney-general, 252; appointed to same office under Union, 283.
=B= Becomes Metcalfe's chief adviser, 20; _Globe_ criticizes his attempt to form a coalition, 27. =C= Forms ministry, 17. =E= Acknowledges necessity of bringing French-Canadians into Cabinet, 31; forms ministry under Lord Metcalfe, 35; his retirement, 43. =R= Ryerson's public letters to, 100, 120; in the Metcalfe controversy, 126; presents case for King's College before Legislature, 149; his Provincial University Bill, 153; bill defeated, 155. =Bib.=: Dent, _Can. Por._ and _Last Forty Years_; Pope, _Memoirs of Sir John A. Macdonald_; Read, _Lives of the Judges_. For his own writings, _see_ Morgan, _Bib. Can._
=Dreuilletes, Gabriel= (1610-1681). Studied at Jesuit College, Toulouse.
In 1643 came to Canada and spent a year in study of Algonquian language.
Soon became proficient in that tongue and accompanied wandering bands on their hunting trips. In 1646 went on an expedition to the Abnaki tribes of Maine, who had become interested in Christianity through converts of the Sillery mission. Remained with the Abnaki one year and then removed to district of Tadoussac, where he spent three years among the Montagnais. In 1651 again sent to the Abnaki to form an alliance with the New England colonies against the Iroquois, but in this was unsuccessful. Laboured for twenty years in missions of Sillery, Three Rivers, and other posts. In 1661 had charge of the mission to the Cree tribes, and in 1672 spent some time in the mission of Sault Ste. Marie.
Died at Quebec. =Index=: =L= One of the founders of the Sault Ste. Marie mission, 11. =Bib.=: Parkman, _Jesuits in North America_ and _La Salle_.
=Drew, Andrew= (1792-1878). Entered the navy, 1806. Took part in many of the most important engagements during the war with France, including the Walcheren expedition. Promoted to lieutenant for gallantry during the fight between the _Eurotas_ and the French frigate _Clorinde_, 1814.
Promoted to commander for his brilliant defence of Cape Coast Castle against the Ashantees, 1824. Retired and settled in Canada. During Rebellion of 1837 offered his services to the government. Conducted the capture of the _Caroline_, for which he received the thanks of the Upper Canada Parliament and was appointed commander of the provincial marine.
A grant by the a.s.sembly to provide seventy-five guineas for the purchase of a sword of honour was not approved by the Legislative Council.
Remained in active service in Canada until 1839. Appointed to the command of the _Wasp_ on the West India Station, where he discovered and surveyed a dangerous rock which still bears his name, 1842. Appointed naval storekeeper at the Cape of Good Hope, 1850. Raised to the rank of admiral, 1862. Retired from active service and resided in England until his death. =Index=: =Mc= In charge of the expedition which cut out the _Caroline_, 420-421; thanked by the Upper Canadian a.s.sembly, 423.
=Bib.=: Drew and Woods, _The Burning of the Caroline_; Dent, _Upper Canadian Rebellion_; Lizars, _Humours of '37_; Read, _Rebellion of 1837_. _See also_ Caroline.
=Drewe, Rev. Edward.= =S= Accompanies Simcoe as chaplain, 47.
=Driscoll, Captain.= =Bk= Letter of, relating to death of Brock, 307.
=Drummond, Sir Gordon= (1771-1854). Son of Colin Drummond, at one time deputy paymaster-general of the forces in Canada. Born at Quebec.