Part 18 (1/2)

=Cosmos, Amor de.= =D= Editor of _British Colonist_, 271; bitter opponent of Sir James Douglas, 306-307; his character, 306; his tribute to Douglas, 307-308; advocates union of colonies, 308. =Bib.=: Begg, _History of British Columbia_.

=Costa, Francis.= =S= Naval officer, Upper Canada, 178.

=Costigan, John=, (1835- ). Represented Victoria in New Brunswick Legislature, 1861-1866; elected to Dominion House of Commons, 1867; interested himself in questions of Roman Catholic schools of New Brunswick, and Irish home-rule. Minister of inland revenue, 1882; secretary of state, 1892; minister of marine and fisheries, 1894.

=Index=: =C= Demands disallowance of New Brunswick Act abolis.h.i.+ng separate schools, 73, 77; demands amendment of const.i.tution to secure separate schools for New Brunswick Roman Catholics, 77. =Bib.=: Morgan, _Can. Men_; _Canadian Who's Who_.

=Cote Ste. Genevieve.= =WM= Slope to the north of Plains of Abraham, 186, 252.

=Coteau du Lac.= =Hd= Ca.n.a.l at, 185.

=Coton, Father.= =Ch= Jesuit provincial, accepts proposals of Recollets, 151.

=Couillard, Guillaume.= =Ch= Early settler, 145.

=Couillard, Henry.= =Ch= Captain of the _Don de Dieu_, 39.

=Couillard, Jacques.= =Ch= An interpreter, 144.

=Council.= _See_ Legislative Council; Executive Council; Sovereign Council.

=Council of a.s.siniboia.= Appointed by the Hudson's Bay Company, for the government of the colonists in their territory. The first meeting was held Feb. 12, 1835, with Sir George Simpson as president. Bishop Tache, Alexander Christie, Alexander Ross, Cuthbert Ross, and ten others formed the Council. The Council, among other useful work, organized a volunteer corps for defensive and police purposes; divided the settlements into four districts with a magistrate for each; and made provision for a public building. =Index=: =MS= Established by Hudson's Bay Company, 223; its character, 223; Simpson head of, 244. =Bib.=: Begg, _History of the North-West_; Bryce, _Manitoba_; Hargrave, _Red River_; Ross, _Red River Settlement_.

=County Courts.= =Sy= Act pa.s.sed establis.h.i.+ng, 339.

=Courcelles, Daniel de Remy, Sieur de.= Governor of Canada, 1665-1672.

His tenure of office marked by an unsuccessful expedition against the Iroquois, and a long and acrimonious dispute with Laval and the Jesuits.

The Marquis de Tracy was viceroy over all the French possessions in America during a portion of the governors.h.i.+p of De Courcelles; and Talon was twice intendant of New France during the same period. =Index=: =F= Governor of Canada, 50; arrives at Quebec, 51; moves against Iroquois, 52; character, 54; expedition to Cataraqui, 59; recalled, 60. =L= Appointed governor, 51; stands G.o.dfather to converted Iroquois chief, 65; arrival of, 79; his high character, 81; executes justice on certain murderers, 82, 83; leads expedition as far as Cataraqui, 83; plans erection of a fort at that point, 84; returns to France, 143. =Bib.=: Douglas, _Old France in the New World_; Parkman, _Old Regime_; Sulte, _Regiment de Carignan_ (R. S. C., 1902).

=Coureurs de bois.= =WM= Described, 17, 18; furnished recruits to militia, 31; summoned to defend the hornwork, 206. =Hd= Stir up Indians against British, 55. =F= Created by policy of trading companies, 37; two cla.s.ses of, 88; Frontenac instructed to repress, 89; twelve captured, 99; one hanged, 100; king's decision respecting, 125; difficulty in enforcing the law, 127; amnesty granted on certain conditions, 127; punishments prescribed for offenders, 128. =L= Mentioned, 158; decree against, 159. =D= Their character, 52. =Bib.=: _See_ General Index, R.

S. C.; Bancroft, _History of the North-West Coast_; Parkman, _Old Regime_.

=Courier.= Newspaper published at Brantford. Established, 1834. =Index=: =Mc= Newspaper, Mackenzie's obituary in, 515.

=Courier, Upper Canada.= =Mc= Publishes doggerel abuse of a.s.sembly, 165.

=Courtemanche, De.= =F= Sent to Michilimackinac, 310. =WM= Goes to island of Orleans to prepare ambuscade, 90; slight success of, 92.

=Courts of Justice.= =Dr= Established, 13; not satisfactory to Canadians, 41; reform of, 54.

=Courval, De.= =WM= Directs movements of fire rafts, 130.

=Couture, Guillaume.= Born in Normandy, 1608. Came to Canada, 1640. Two years later, on his way to the Huron country with Father Jogues (_q.v._), they were captured by the Iroquois, and carried off to their villages, where they were tortured. Couture escaped a worse fate by being adopted into an Iroquois family. In 1661 accompanied Fathers Dablon and Drouillette (_q.v._) on an expedition towards Hudson Bay.

Threatened by an Iroquois war-party, however, they got no farther than Lake Necouba, and retreated down the Saguenay to Tadoussac. =Bib.=: Parkman, _Old Regime_.

=Cowlitz=. =D= Hudson's Bay Company vessel, 183.

=c.o.x, Ross.= Went to Astoria on the _Beaver_ in 1811-1812 as an employee of the Pacific Fur Company. When Astoria was transferred to the North West Company, joined that Company. Spent five years on the Columbia, and returned to the East overland. His narrative formed one of the princ.i.p.al sources of Irving's _Astoria_, and is a valuable account of the fur trade on the Pacific coast. =Bib.=: _Adventures on the Columbia River._ For biog., _see_ Bryce, _Hudson's Bay Company_.

=Craig, Sir James= (1748-1812). Distinguished himself at Lexington and Bunker Hill, in American Revolutionary War. Appointed governor of Jersey, 1793; and governor of the Cape, 1795. Sent to India two years later; and in 1807 governor-general of Canada, retiring in 1811.

=Index=: =P=Governor-general of Canada, 27; his prejudice against French-Canadians, 28; suppresses _Le Canadien_, and sends its contributors to jail, 28-29; advises that bishop of Quebec be deprived of appointment of parish priests, suspension of const.i.tution of 1791, union of Upper and Lower Canada, and confiscation of Sulpicians'

estates, 29, 159; his administration, 30-31. =Bk= Governor-general and commander-in-chief, 90, 91; distrusts French-Canadians, 91; changes name ”Brock's battery” to ”King's battery,” 94; his hesitation as to issuing arms to French-Canadian militia, 102, 103; gives his reasons, 103; his speech at opening of Legislature conciliatory, 104; cancels commissions of Lieutenant-Colonel J. A. Panet and others, 105; dissolves a.s.sembly, 116; popular with the Anti-Canadian party, 116; calls for reinforcements, 118; uses military labour in road making, 125; dissolves the a.s.sembly, 127; seizes _Canadien_ newspaper and arrests its proprietors, 127; makes other arrests in Montreal district, 128; his proclamation defending British government, 128; sends Ryland to London, 129; expresses very unfavourable opinion of French-Canadians, 129; praises Legislative Council, 130; releases Bedard, 145; breakdown of his health, 147, 155; gives his favourite horse ”Alfred” to Brock, 156; leaves Canada, 156; appearance and character, 156. =E= His shortcomings as a colonial governor, 1, 19. =BL= His ”blundering patriotism” as governor, 17. =Bib.=: Rattray, _The Scot in British North America_; _Dict. Eng. Hist._; _Dict. Nat. Biog._; Morgan, _Cel. Can._; Christie, _History of Lower Canada_.