Part 11 (1/2)
A British Irees Fahrenheit, 10 pounds
The above are the true weights corrected for the effect of the buoyancy of the air, or the weight in vacuo If water is weighed in air in the ordinary way, there is a correction of about one-eighth of one per cent which is usually negligible
TABLE 11
VOLUME AND WEIGHT OF DISTILLED WATER AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES[12]
+-----------+---------------+----------+ |Terees | Water at 392 |Cubic Foot| | Fahrenheit| Degrees = 1 | Pounds | +-----------+---------------+----------+ | 32 | 1000176 | 6242 | | 392 | 1000000 | 6243 | | 40 | 1000004 | 6243 | | 50 | 100027 | 6242 | | 60 | 100096 | 6237 | | 70 | 100201 | 6230 | | 80 | 100338 | 6222 | | 90 | 100504 | 6211 | | 100 | 100698 | 6200 | | 110 | 100915 | 6186 | | 120 | 101157 | 6171 | | 130 | 101420 | 6155 | | 140 | 101705 | 6138 | | 150 | 102011 | 6120 | | 160 | 102337 | 6100 | | 170 | 102682 | 6080 | | 180 | 103047 | 6058 | | 190 | 103431 | 6036 | | 200 | 103835 | 6012 | | 210 | 104256 | 5988 | | 212 | 104343 | 5983 | | 220 | 10469 | 5963 | | 230 | 10515 | 5937 | | 240 | 10562 | 5911 | | 250 | 10611 | 5883 | | 260 | 10662 | 5855 | | 270 | 10715 | 5826 | | 280 | 10771 | 5796 | | 290 | 10830 | 5765 | | 300 | 10890 | 5733 | | 310 | 10953 | 5700 | | 320 | 11019 | 5666 | | 330 | 11088 | 5630 | | 340 | 11160 | 5594 | | 350 | 11235 | 5557 | | 360 | 11313 | 5518 | | 370 | 11396 | 5478 | | 380 | 11483 | 5436 | | 390 | 11573 | 5394 | | 400 | 1167 | 535 | | 410 | 1177 | 530 | | 420 | 1187 | 526 | | 430 | 1197 | 522 | | 440 | 1208 | 517 | | 450 | 1220 | 512 | | 460 | 1232 | 507 | | 470 | 1244 | 502 | | 480 | 1256 | 497 | | 490 | 1269 | 492 | | 500 | 1283 | 487 | | 510 | 1297 | 481 | | 520 | 1312 | 476 | | 530 | 1329 | 470 | | 540 | 135 | 463 | | 550 | 137 | 456 | | 560 | 139 | 449 | +-----------+---------------+----------+
Water is but slightly compressible and for all practical purposes may be considered non-coes from 0000040 to 0000051 per at as the teht in vacuo and the relative volume of a cubic foot of distilled water at various teht of water at the standard te taken as 62355 pounds per cubic foot, the pressure exerted by the coluht of any column required to produce a stated pressure, may be computed as follows:
The pressure in pounds per square foot = 62355 height of column in feet
The pressure in pounds per square inch = 0433 height of coluht of column in feet = pressure in pounds per square foot 62355
Height of column in feet = pressure in pounds per square inch 0433
Height of column in inches = pressure in pounds per square inch 2771
Height of column in inches = pressure in ounces per square inch 173
By a change in the weights given above, the pressure exerted and height of colurees
A pressure of one pound per square inch is exerted by a colurees Fahrenheit
Water in its natural state is never found absolutely pure In solvent poater has a greater range than any other liquid For common salt, this is approximately a constant at all tenesium and sodium sulphates, this solvent power increases with an increase in temperature
TABLE 12
BOILING POINT OF WATER AT VARIOUS ALtitUDES
+--------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+ |Boiling Point | Altitude Above | Atrees | Sea Level | Pressure | Reduced | | Fahrenheit | Feet | Pounds per | to 32 Degrees | | | | Square Inch | Inches | +--------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+ | 184 | 15221 | 820 | 1670 | | 185 | 14649 | 838 | 1706 | | 186 | 14075 | 857 | 1745 | | 187 | 13498 | 876 | 1783 | | 188 | 12934 | 895 | 1822 | | 189 | 12367 | 914 | 1861 | | 190 | 11799 | 934 | 1902 | | 191 | 11243 | 954 | 1943 | | 192 | 10685 | 974 | 1985 | | 193 | 10127 | 995 | 2027 | | 194 | 9579 | 1017 | 2071 | | 195 | 9031 | 1039 | 2115 | | 196 | 8481 | 1061 | 2160 | | 197 | 7932 | 1083 | 2205 | | 198 | 7381 | 1106 | 2252 | | 199 | 6843 | 1129 | 2299 | | 200 | 6304 | 1152 | 2347 | | 201 | 5764 | 1176 | 2395 | | 202 | 5225 | 1201 | 2445 | | 203 | 4697 | 1226 | 2496 | | 204 | 4169 | 1251 | 2548 | | 205 | 3642 | 1277 | 2600 | | 206 | 3115 | 1303 | 2653 | | 207 | 2589 | 1330 | 2708 | | 208 | 2063 | 1357 | 2763 | |209 | 1539 | 1385 | 2819 | | 210 | 1025 | 1413 | 2876 | | 211 | 512 | 1441 | 2933 | | 212 | Sea Level | 1470 | 2992 | +--------------+----------------+-------------+---------------+
Sea water contains on an average approxiht of solid ht of the water and salt held in solution The approximate composition of this solid nesiunesium sulphate 6 per cent, calcium sulphate 5 per cent, calcium carbonate 05 per cent, other substances 25 per cent
[Illustration: 7200 Horse-power Installation of Babcock & Wilcox Boilers and Superheaters at the Capital Traction Co, Washi+ngton, D C]
The boiling point of water decreases as the altitude above sea level increases Table 12 gives the variation in the boiling point with the altitude
Water has a greater specific heat or heat-absorbing capacity than any other known substance (broen excepted) and its specific heat is the basis for measurement of the capacity of heat absorption of all other substances From the definition, the specific heat of water is the number of British therree This specific heat varies with the teenerally accepted values are given in Table 13, which indicates the values as determined by Messrs Marks and Davis and Mr Peabody
TABLE 13