Part 20 (1/2)
[Footnote 345: These articles are published among the doc.u.ments at the end of Rinuccini's _Emba.s.sy in Ireland_, p. 573; among the Roman Transcripts P.R.O. are very similar articles endorsed ”in the handwriting of Sir Kenelm Digby.” They are among the papers of 1647, and very possibly belong to the later date.]
[Footnote 346: In May, 1647, the Queen wrote to the Pope asking him not to receive communications from unauthorized persons who approached him in her name, but only from Digby. P.R.O. Roman Transcripts.]
[Footnote 347: ”The grounds of obedience and government by Thomas White, gentleman (1635), dedicated 'to my most honoured and best friend Sir Kenelm Digby.'” White knew Hobbes, but his political theory is rather an antic.i.p.ation of that of Locke and the eighteenth-century Whigs.]
[Footnote 348: Later it was even believed that he was favourable to the Roundheads. An English gentleman who was in Rome in 1650 complained of his discourtesy, ”who was the English (I say rebels') Protector.”--John Bargrave: _Pope Alexander VII and the College of Cardinals_.]
[Footnote 349: _Blacklo's Cabal Discovered_, p. 6. This curious book, which was published in 1679, consists of a collection of letters which throws much light upon Sir Kenelm Digby's mission and the events of 1647.]
[Footnote 350: The writer of an unsigned letter in the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris says that he was charged ”de representer a la serieuse consideration de la Reyne et de Mgr. le Cardinal le trois que prennent les Independants qui va a la ruine totale du Roy et des siens et directement a charger le gouvernement et combien cela regarde la France; que les chefs de cette faction sont le Comte de Northumberland My lord Saye et les deux Vaines qui font agir aupres de notre Roy et au dela aupres de notre Reyne par My lord Percy et autres qui ont toutes leurs confidence au Pere Philipes; ceux la ont contre eux tous les Escossais et les meuilleurs Anglois si bien que si notre Reyne ne veut recevoir et a.s.sister ces bons Anglois et les Escossais il se trouvera quelle fera bien de ne penser plus a repa.s.ser en Angleterre.”--MS. Francais, 15,994.]
[Footnote 351: _Blacklo's Cabal Discovered_, p. 21; the suggested oath is printed, p. 49.]
[Footnote 352: These negotiations were of the nature of a private understanding based on the twelfth article of the Heads of the Proposals offered by the army, which provided for ”the repeal of all Acts or clauses in any Act enjoining the use of the Book of Common Prayer, and imposing any penalties for neglect thereof; as also of all Acts or clauses of any Act imposing any penalty for not coming to Church or for meetings elsewhere for prayer or other religious duties, exercises or ordinances and some other provision to be made for discovery of Papists and Popish recusants and for disabling of them and of all Jesuits or Priests found disturbing the State.”--Gardiner: _Const.i.tutional Doc.u.ments of the Puritan Revolution_, p.
321.]
[Footnote 353: ”The controversial Letter on the great controversie concerning the pretended temporal authority of Popes over the whole earth.
1673.”]
[Footnote 354: _Ibid._]
[Footnote 355: The Three Propositions were printed several times in the latter half of the seventeenth century, among other places (together with the suggested oath of allegiance) in _Blacklo's Cabal Discovered_. There are several MS. copies among the archives of the See of Westminster, at the end of one of which it is said that it was signed by fifty Catholic n.o.bles, but was condemned by the Congregation at Rome. See Appendix VIII.]
[Footnote 356: The Three Propositions are statements of the opinions objected to, and which the Catholics were required to subscribe in the negative.]
[Footnote 357: He travelled under the pseudonym of Winter Grant. He was an old friend of the Queen, having been her chaplain before the war; he had been a friend of Father Philip. His own memoirs give the best account of his unsuccessful mission.]
[Footnote 358: Con, years earlier, in one of his letters from England, writes of Holden's extravagant opinions.]
[Footnote 359: Archives of the See of Westminster. It seems that the censure was of a private nature; it is printed in Jouvency: ”Receuil de pieces touchant l'histoire de la Compagnie de Jesus” (1713), where it is ascribed to the influence of the Jesuits.]
[Footnote 360: Those less sanguine than Henrietta had long known this; ”the Pope cannot doe much, all he can is promised for Ireland,” occurs in a letter of the beginning of 1646 from Robert Wright to ”Mr. Jones of the Commons.” Tanner MS., LX.]
[Footnote 361: Among the Roman Transcripts in the P.R.O. are five memorials drawn up by Sir Kenelm Digby, dated respectively July 14th, July 26th, August 3rd, August 12th, and October 20th, 1647. Of the latter there is a duplicate dated 1648 among the Chigi Transcripts (P.R.O.), and there is an old English translation among the archives of the See of Westminster.]
[Footnote 362: Whitelocke: _Memorials of English Affairs_, p. 274.]
[Footnote 363: P.R.O. Roman Transcripts.]
[Footnote 364: Digby to Barberini, April 28th, 1647. P.R.O. Roman Transcripts.]
[Footnote 365: Sir Kenelm Digby somewhat later entered into negotiations with Cromwell in the hope of obtaining toleration for the Catholics.
Henrietta Maria (if a story, which on the authority of Cosin found its way into a letter written from Paris, may be believed) grew suspicious at last of the man she had trusted so long; one of his friends was telling her of his arrival in Paris, ”but she suddenly interrupted him as he was commending the knight and said openly in the hall, 'Mr. K. Digby, c'est un grand cochin [knave].'” Tanner MS., 149. George Davenport to W. Sancroft, Paris, January 15th, 165-6/7. Sir Kenelm died in 1665.]
[Footnote 366: Rinuccini: _Emba.s.sy in Ireland_, p. 367. Digby is George Digby, afterwards the second Earl of Bristol; he became a Catholic in later days, but Rinuccini seems to have disliked him rather more after his conversion than before.]
CHAPTER X
THE QUEEN OF THE EXILES