Volume 4, Slice 1 Part 40 (1/2)

The Bogomils spread westwards, and settled first in Servia; but at the end of the 12th century Stephen Nemanya, king of Servia, persecuted them and expelled them from the country. Large numbers took refuge in Bosnia, where they were known under the name of Patarenes (q.v.) or Patareni.

From Bosnia their influence extended into Italy (Piedmont). The Hungarians undertook many crusades against the heretics in Bosnia, but towards the close of the 15th century the conquest of that country by the Turks put an end to their persecution. It is alleged that a large number of the Bosnian Paterenes, and especially the n.o.bles, embraced Islam (see BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: _History_). Few or no remnants of Bogomilism have survived in Bosnia. The Ritual in Slavonic written by the Bosnian Radoslavov, and published in vol. xv. of the _Starine_ of the South Slavonic Academy at Agram, shows great resemblance to the Cathar ritual published by Cunitz, 1853. See F. Racki, ”Bogomili i Paternai” in _Rad_, vols. vii., viii. and x. (Agram, 1870); Dollinger, _Beitrage zur Ketzergeschichte d. Mittelalters_, 2 vols. (Munich, 1890).

Under Turkish rule the Bogomils lived unmolested as _Pavlikeni_ in their ancient stronghold near Philippopolis, and farther northward. In 1650 the Roman Catholic Church gathered them into its fold. No less than fourteen villages near Nicopolis embraced Catholicism, and a colony of _Pavlikeni_ in the village of Cioplea near Bucharest followed the example of their brethren across the Danube.

BIBLIOGRAPHY.--Euthymius Zygadenus, _Narratio de Bogomilis_, ed.

Gieseler (Gottingen, 1842); J.C. Wolf, _Historia Bogomilorum_ (Wittenberg, 1712); ”Slovo svyatago Kozmyi na eretiki,” in Kukuljevic Sakcinski, _Arkiv zapovyestnicu jugoslavensku_, vol. iv. pp. 69-97 (Agram, 1859); C.J. Jirecek, _Geschichte d. Bulgaren_, pp. 155, 174-175 (Prague, 1876); Korolev, ”Dogmatichesko-to uchenie na Bogomil-tie,” in _Periodichesko spisanie_, vols. vii.-viii. pp. 75-106 (Braila, 1873); A. Lombard, _Pauliciens, Bulgares et Bons-hommes_ (Geneva, 1879); Episcopul Melchisedek, _Lipovenismul_, pp. 265 sqq.

(Bucharest, 1871); B.P. Hasdeu, _Cuvente den batrani_, vol. ii. pp.

247 sqq. (Bucharest, 1879); F.C. Conybeare, _The Key of Truth_, pp. 73 sqq. and specially pp. 138 sqq. (Oxford, 1898); M. Gaster, _Greeko-Slavonic Literature_, pp. 17 sqq. (London, 1887); O.

Dahnhardt, _Natursagen_, vol. i. pp. 38 sqq. (Leipzig and Berlin, 1907). (M. G.)

FOOTNOTE:

[1] These betray their Gnostic (Marcianite) spirit by the anti-Jewish tone of the oldest MSS. extant, though this prejudice tends to decrease in later MSS.

BOGORODSK, a town of central Russia, in the government of Moscow, and 38 m. by rail E.N.E. of the city of Moscow, on the Klyazma. It has woollen, cotton and silk mills, chemical factories and dye-works, and is famous for its gold brocade. Pop. (1897) 11,210.