Volume I Part 1 (2/2)
In 1832, Mr Roby visited the English lakes, and recorded his impressions in lively sketches both with pen and pencil. In the spring of 1837, he made a rapid tour on the Continent, the notes and ill.u.s.trative sketches of which were published in two volumes, under the t.i.tle of _Seven Weeks in Belgium, Switzerland, Lombardy, Piedmont, Savoy, &c._ In 1840, Mr Roby again visited the Continent by a different route, making notes and sketches of what he saw. At the close of the year, he was engaged in preparing a new edition of the ”Traditions,” in a less expensive form.
It was published in three volumes, as the first of a series of Popular Traditions of England; his intention being to follow up those of Lancas.h.i.+re with similar legends of Yorks.h.i.+re, for which he wrote a few tales, which appeared in Blackwood's and Eraser's Magazines.
The princ.i.p.al literary occupation of the next four years appears to have been the preparation and delivery of lectures on various subjects in connection with literary and mechanics' inst.i.tutions. In 1844, his health gave way, and for years he suffered severely. As a last resource he tried the water-cure at Malvern in the spring of 1847, and with complete success. In the summer of 1849, he again married--the lady who survived him, and to whose ”sketch of his life” we are largely indebted in this brief memoir. In the two short years following this marriage--the two last of his life--he was busily engaged in writing and delivering lectures, visiting places which form the scenes of some of his latest legends, and in the composition of a series of tales intended to ill.u.s.trate the influence of Christianity in successive periods, a century apart. Deferring that for the fourth century, he wrote six, bringing the series down to the close of the seventh century; when he determined on visiting Scotland. With his wife and daughter he embarked at Liverpool on board the steamer _Orion_ for Glasgow, which ill-fated vessel struck on some rocks about one o'clock in the morning of the 18th June 1850, and went down. Mrs and Miss Roby were rescued after having been some time in the water, but of the husband and father only the corpse was recovered, and his remains were laid in his family grave in the burial-ground of the Independent Chapel, Rochdale, on Sat.u.r.day, the 22d of that month.
Mr Roby was not more remarkable for his numerous and varied talents than for his warm and affectionate heart, rich imagination, great love of humour, and deep and earnest piety. He was a facile versifier, an elegant prose writer, an able botanist and physiologist. Possessing a fine ear, rich voice, and great musical taste, he not only took his vocal share in part-song, but wrote several melodies, which have been published. In one species of rapid mental calculation, or rather combination of figures--giving in an instant the sum of a double column of twenty figures in each row, or a square of six figures--he far excelled Bidder, the calculating boy. He was a skilful draughtsman, a clever mimic and ventriloquist, an excellent _raconteur_, an accomplished conversationist, ever fascinating in the select social circle, and always ”tender and wise” in that of home. He was a man of genuine benevolence, a cordial friend, an affectionate husband and father, and a humble and devout Christian. His family crest was a garb or wheat-sheaf, with the motto, ”I am ready;” and in his case--though his death was sudden and unexpected--illness and bereavement, mental and physical suffering--in short, the chastenings and discipline of life, had done their work. His ”sheaf” was ”ready for the garner.”
_October_ 1866.
FOOTNOTES:
[5] This Memoir has been almost wholly derived from the ”Sketch of the Literary Life and Character of John Roby,” written by his widow, and occupying 117 pages of the posthumous volume of his _Legendary and Poetical Remains_.
PREFACE TO THE FIRST SERIES.
A preface is rarely needed, generally intrusive, and always tiresome--seldom read, more seldom desiderated: a piece of egotism at best, where the author, speaking of himself, has the less chance of being listened to. Yet--and what speaker does not think he ought to be heard?--the author conceives there may be some necessity, some reason, why he should step forward for the purpose of explaining his views in connection with the character and design of the following pages.
In the northern counties, and more particularly in Lancas.h.i.+re, the great arena of the STANLEYS during the civil wars--where the progress and successful issue of his cause was but too confidently antic.i.p.ated by CHARLES STUART, and the scene especially of those strange and unholy proceedings in which the ”Lancas.h.i.+re witches” rendered themselves so famous--it may readily be imagined that a number of interesting legends, anecdotes, and sc.r.a.ps of family history, are floating about, hitherto preserved chiefly in the shape of oral tradition. The antiquary, in most instances, rejects the information that does not present itself in the form of an authentic and well-attested fact; and legendary lore, in particular, he throws aside as worthless and unprofitable. The author of the ”TRADITIONS OF LANCAs.h.i.+RE,” in leaving the dry and heraldic pedigrees which unfortunately const.i.tute the great bulk of those works that bear the name of county histories, enters on the more entertaining, though sometimes apocryphal narratives, which exemplify and embellish the records of our forefathers.
A native of Lancas.h.i.+re, and residing there during the greater part of his life, he has been enabled to collect a ma.s.s of local traditions, now fast dying from the memories of the inhabitants. It is his object to perpetuate these interesting relics of the past, and to present them in a form that may be generally acceptable, divested of the dust and dross in which the originals are but too often disfigured, so as to appear worthless and uninviting.
Tradition is not an unacceptable source of historical inquiry; and the writer who disdains to follow these glimmerings of truth will often find himself in the dark, with nothing but his own opinions--the smouldering vapour of his own imagination--to guide him in the search.
The following extract from a German writer on the subject sufficiently exemplifies and ill.u.s.trates the design the author has generally had before him in the composition and arrangement of the following legends:--
”Simple and unimportant as the subject may at first appear, it will be found, upon a nearer view, well worth the attention of philosophical and historical inquirers. All genuine, popular Tales, arranged with local and national reference, cannot fail to throw light upon contemporary events in history, upon the progressive cultivation of society, and upon the prevailing modes of thinking in every age. Though not consisting of a recital of bare facts, they are in most instances founded upon fact, and in so far connected with history, which occasionally, indeed, borrows from, and as often reflects light upon, these familiar annals, these more private and interesting casualties of human life.
”It is thus that popular tradition, connected with all that is most interesting in human history and human action, upon a national scale--a mirror reflecting the people's past worth and wisdom--invariably possesses so deep a hold upon its affections, and offers so many instructive hints to the man of the world, to the statesman, the citizen, and the peasant.
”Signs of approaching changes, no less in manners than in states, may likewise be traced, floating down this popular current of opinions, fertilising the seeds scattered by a past generation, and marking by its ebbs and flows the state of the political atmosphere, and the distant gathering of the storm.
”National traditions further serve to throw light upon ancient and modern mythology; and in many instances they are known to preserve traces of their fabulous descent, as will clearly appear in some of the following selections. It is the same with those of all nations, whether of eastern or western origin, Greek, Scythian, or Kamtschatkan. And hence, among every people just emerged out of a state of barbarism, the same causes lead to the production of similar compositions; and a chain of connection is thus established between the fables of different nations, only varied by clime and custom, sufficient to prove, not merely a degree of harmony, but secret interchanges and communications.”
A record of the freaks of such airy beings, glancing through the mists of national superst.i.tion, would prove little inferior in poetical interest and a.s.sociation to the fanciful creations of the Greek mythology. The truth is, they are of one family, and we often discover allusions to the beautiful fable of Psyche or the story of Midas; sometimes with the addition, that the latter was obliged to admit his barber into his uncomfortable secret. Odin and Jupiter are brothers, if not the same person; and the northern Hercules is often represented as drawing a strong man by almost invisible threads, which pa.s.s from his tongue round the limbs of the victim, thereby symbolising the power of eloquence. Several incidents in the following tales will be recognised by those conversant with Scandinavian literature, thus adding another link to the chain of certainty which unites the human race, or at any rate that part of it from which Europe was originally peopled, in one original tribe or family.
A work of this nature, embodying the material of our own island traditions, has not yet been attempted; and the writer confidently hopes that these tales may be found fully capable of awakening and sustaining the peculiar and high-wrought interest inherent in the legends of our continental neighbours. Should they fail of producing this effect, he requests that it may be attributed rather to his want of power to conjure up the spirits of past ages, than to any want of capabilities in the subjects he has chosen to introduce.
To the local and to the general reader--to the antiquary and the uninitiated--to the admirers of the fine arts and embellishments of our literature, he hopes his labours will prove acceptable; and should the plan succeed, not Lancas.h.i.+re alone, but the other counties, may in their turn become the subject of similar ill.u.s.trations. The tales are arranged chronologically, forming a somewhat irregular series from the earliest records to those of a comparatively modern date. They may in point of style appear at the commencement stiff and stalwart, like the chiselled warriors, whose deeds are generally enveloped in a rude narrative, hard and ponderous as their gaunt and grisly effigies. The events, however, as the author has found them, gradually a.s.similate with the familiar aspects and everyday affections of our nature--subsiding from the stern and repulsive character of a barbarous age into the usual forms and modes of feeling incident to humanity--as some cold and barren region, where one stunted blade of affection can scarce find shelter, gradually opens Out into the quiet glades and lowly habitudes of ordinary existence.
The author disclaims all pretensions to superior knowledge. He would not even arrogate to himself the name of antiquary. Some of the incidents are perhaps well known, being merely put into a novel and more popular shape. The spectator is here placed upon an eminence where the scenes a.s.sume a new aspect, new combinations of beauty and grandeur being the result of the vantage ground he has obtained. Nothing more is attempted than what others, with the same opportunities, might have done as well--perhaps better. When Columbus broke the egg--if we may be excused the arrogance of the simile--all that were present could have done the same; and some, no doubt, might have performed the operation more dexterously.
_1st October_ 1829.
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