Part 21 (2/2)

After this the colonists ca up at Watauga, the site of one of Hamish's old camps as he had journeyed on his fruitless search for those who had made his home and the wilderness a sort of paradise But the place, far away froe of mountain doestions which they imparted to none others who beheld thee of e of a past that broke the heart already of the future He was glad to look upon them no more! His mind had turned often to the trivial scenes, the happier times, when, unbereaved of hope, he had hunted with the Frenchman on the banks of the beautiful Sewanee River And he welcomed the project of a nuion of the French Salt Lick, which other hunters had already rendered famous, and with a few of these he made his way thither by land while the rest traveled by water, the way of his old journey in search of his lost happiness And here he lived and passed his days

He heard from Stuart from time to time afterward, but not alith pleasure It is true that it afforded hiratification to learn that the asseiven Stuart a vote of thanks for his ”courage, good conduct and long perseverance at Fort Loudon,” with a testimonial of fifteen hundred pounds currency, and earnestly recoovernor for a position of honor and profit in the service of the province; the office of Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the South having been created, Stuart's appointment thereto by the Croas received with the liveliest public satisfaction, it being a position that he was pronounced in every way qualified to fill[16] For so only when, in the growing differences between the colonists and Great Britain, Stuart, wholly devoted to the royal cause, conceived hiations to carry out the instructions which the British War Departovernors of the southern provinces to use every endeavor to continue the Indians in their adherence to the British standard as allies against all its enee, Governor Tonyn, Lord William Campbell, and other royalists,--which plan happily failed,--to land a British army on the western coast of Florida, whence, joined by tories and Indians, the united force should fall upon the western frontiers of Carolina at the moment of attack on the eastern coast by a British fleet, in the hope that the province thus surrounded would be obliged to sue the royal government for peace

Hamish had had some opportunity at Fort Loudon to observe the tenacity hich Stuart at all hazards adhered to his ”instructions and the interest of the governuise of duty In such a timent partook of the values of a pious patriotism A permanent breach in their friendshi+p was made when Stuart wrote to Hamish to call his attention to the fact that the MacDonalds of Kingsburgh and the MacLeods and other leal Scotch hearts in the southern provinces were fighting under the royal banner Hamish replied succinctly that ”on whatever side the MacLeods fought, hatever result, be sure the thing would be well done” As if to illustrate the fact, he himself some time afterward set forth with the ”uson, and was a's Mountain

In the earlier tiht with troubles with the Indians, who, , Haood-will to the rifle, the knife, the pistol, and the firebrand He ith Sevier on eance nerved the hand and hardened the heart, for ed the slain of their own household But as he grew old, the affinity of his hand for the trigger slackened, and he liked only the blaze of the benignant fireside; soray head and declare that he reminded himself of Monsieur Galette, with his theories of sweet peace in that fierce land, and his soft heart and his sinewy old hand that could send a bullet so straight froreat a favorite did Monsieur Galette become in Hamish's fireside stories, so often cla about him, if they would like his and a tear-discoursing eye, and declare that he must take radually, by slow degrees, he was led on to talk of the past,--of the beautiful Carolina girl who had been his brother's wife, of the quaint babble of Fifine, of Stuart and De drum-major, and the queer old African cook, and the cat that had been so cherished--but he never, never ventured a word of Sandy, to the last day of his life; Sandy!--for whom he had had al applausive affection of the younger brother for the elder

When he had grown very old--for he died only in 1813--he had a beneficent illusion that , as could be said, on the borderland of the torlds It came in dreams, such perhaps as old men often dream, but his experiences olden afternoon of su, white hair falling about his shoulders, one of his wrinkled, veinous hands lying on the arm of his chair would trerasp, and he would look up, at naught, with a face of such joyous recognition and tender appeal, that the children, playing about, would pause in their mirth and ask, with ahat had he seen And it seeht with a certain playful clasp such as years ago--ive it, when she had been waiting for hi up, he could see her standing there, waiting still, s serenely, joyously as of yore; and so she would stand till the drea around his knees, besieging him once more for the story of Old Fort Loudon

NOTES

1 Page 8 In addition to luring an enemy within shot by the mimicry of the voice of bird or beast the Indians' consummate art of aa the hoofs of deer or buffalo or the paws of bear to their own feet and hands, and thus duplicate the winding progress of these animals for miles with such skill as to deceive not merely the white settlers, new to the country, but Indian enemies of other tribes, expert woode 18 The naiven Adair spells it as Choate Bancroft inclines to Chotee Bartram has it as Chote-Great Some of the old maps show it as Chotte Modern historians of Tennessee, Hayward, J G M Ramsey, Putnam, and othersthis region adopt the French rendering and call it Chote; Hewatt, however, David Rarave_, Chote This town, seldom alluded to without the phrase ”old town” or ”beloved town,” to distinguish it fro the Lower Toas a veritable ”city of refuge,” and the only one of the Cherokee nation A ht live for years here secure froh there is an instance known of a ht an asylu held down in the Tennessee River until drowned, still the rule was inviolable that if the refugee could but gain a footing on the ever-sacred soil, he was as safe as if clinging to the horns of an altar This fact contributed, with other confire and tradition, to continue the speculations touching the identity of the American Indians with the lost tribes of Israel Humboldt says that from the most remote times of the Missions the opinion has been entertained that the languages of the Aies He ascribes this fact to the position of the personal and possessive pronouns at the end of the nouns and verbs, and the numerous tenses of the latter, a characteristic of both the Indian and Hebrew tongues which naturally struck the attention of the o far to prove an identity of origin He refers to Adair as a travelers ”somewhat credulous who have heard the strains of the Hebrew Hallelujah a the Chickasaws and Choctaws of North Aht have added the Cherokees also

James Adair, however, could hardly be called a traveler He published in London in 1775 the results of his observation during a residence of forty years as a trader a tribes He adduces es with the Hebrew, and calls attention to many customs for which he seeks to discern precedent in the Mosaic dispensation How much he had read of previous speculations it is impossible to say He protests that he is but a trader and not ”a skillful Hebraist,” by his vocation obliged to write far from all libraries, literary associations, and conversation with the learned, compelled even to keep his papers secret from the observation of the Indians, always very jealous of the enigmatical ”black ely fron--the Reverend Mr Thorowgood, Don Antonio de Ulloa, Acosta, Benzo, etc, and shows considerable aptness of logic in adapting his theories to his investigations into the structure of the Indian languages Such nice verbal distinctions, such order and syious ternorant and illiterate as the modern Indian, and contends that they obviously bear all the distinctive e of culture He further declares that one of the Chickasaw prophets, _the Loache_, assured him that they had once had an ”old beloved speech,” which in the course of tieneration they had lost In this connection, but entirely apart froies, one isthem a reminiscence of an ”old beloved character,” and if the extraordinary invention of the Cherokee character of the ”syllabic alphabet” by the Indian, Guest, early in the present century, partly partakes of the nature of tradition

3 Page 22 The high value which the French government placed on the services of these allies may be inferred from a remark which has come down from a council of state, in reference to their conduct in this battle: ”_Quoique je n'approuve pas qu'on e les ens pour des bagatelles_”

4 Page 38 Ae relics, Tiraphy of the Mississippi Valley_: ”In this state [Tennessee] burying grounds have been found where the skeletons seeraves in which the bodies were deposited are seldoth To obviate the objection that these are all the bodies of children, it is affirmed that the skulls are found to have possessed the _dentes sapientiae_ and e The two bodies that were found in the vast liton, were neither of theh; the hair see to yellow

It is well known that nothing is so uniform in the present Indian as his lank, black hair Froreat labor ofthe funeral robes in which they were folded, they es of consideration in their day” (Hayward, in his quaint and rare _Natural and Aboriginal History of Tennessee_, referring to the curious method of interment, in a copperas cave, of two reat beauty, evincing much mechanical skill in manufacture, also , and of a yellow cast and a fine texture) Webber, in his _Roives the size of the dihteen inches in depth

Hayward alsoone of these singular graveyards of the ”little people,” states that the bones were strong and well formed, and that one of the skeletons had about its neck ninety-four pearls The painfully prosaic hypothesis of certain craniologists that such relics were only those of children is, of course, rejected by any person possessed of the resources of iiven in one or two instances as Dejean, and several dates both earlier and later have been assigned to the disastrous visit to Chote to which reference is here nized the futility of the cuh, unsettled country On the Forbes expedition, to counteract the French and their Indian allies, Washi+ngton continually sent out small parties of the Cherokees under his command

”Small parties of Indians,” said he, ”willthem under continual alarms than any parties of white , ”he was never able to ular arns in the wilderness” But the fact has been taught elsewhere, both earlier and later than Washi+ngton's day

General Gordon, in his journal, says of the Soudan: ”A heavy lu column is nowhere in this land Parties of forty or sixtyswiftly about will do s, at whatever cost It is the country of the irregular, not of the regular I can say I owe the defeats in this country to having artillery with me, which delayed me much, and it was the artillery with Hicks which in my opinion did for him” And as if he hies of centuries, he here inserts an extract froainst the Ethiopians withoutany provision for the subsistence of his ar to carry his arms to the remotest parts of the world, but as a madmanbefore the army had passed over a fifth of the way all the provisions were exhausted, and the beasts of burden were eaten Now if Cambyses had then led his army back he would have proved himself a wise man He, however, went onthe report was that heaps of sand covered them over, and they disappeared” Gordon comments, ”Hicks' army disappeared The expedition was e 137 This pride flourished probably too far on the frontier to be deteriorated by the knowledge of the gradual decline in the popularity of the periwig then in progress, for only a few years later the wig-, setting forth their distresses occasioned by the perversity of thetheir own hair The htly travesty of the petition, appearing in the _Gentle hishimself, and to require this of all his subjects, since otherwise the advent of peace bade fair to ruin the joiner's trade in wooden legs

8 Page 148 The Duke of cumberland has never been considered what is prettily called a ”lovely character” His teentlemen, whom he denominated with a profane adjective ”old women,” should talk to hi that these hopeful ”old women” were id discipline of his own troops, and his unparalleled brutality to the enemy, leave the devotion exhibited for him by his soldiers to be accounted for only by the ade, which was very great, and of which Walpole tells a good story about this time,--of course before the days of anaesthetics: ”The Duke of cumberland is quite recovered after an incision of eon] did not dare to propose that a hero should be tied, but was frightened out of his senses when the hero _would_ hold the candle hienerals could bear to do: in the middle of the operation the Duke said 'Hold!' Ranby said, 'For God's sake, Sir, let me proceed now--it will be worse to renew it' The Duke repeated, 'I say, hold!' and then calive Ranby a clean waistcoat and cap; 'for,' said he, 'the poor h these' It was true; but the Duke did not utter a groan”

9 Page 168 It is with a renewal of confidence in the better aspects of huenuineness of such sanctions as control civilized war that we realize that the French and English officers encountering dangers so far transcending legiti ain, a true and soldierly syht to protect the helpless in their power, often liberating those exposed to torture at the hands of their savage allies For the methods of the Indians were by no means ameliorated by association with their civilized comrades, and they could scarcely be held subject to any control Washi+ngton hienius, even when only a young provincial officer, could not restrain his Indian allies fro the slain, and in several instances it required his ut his own living prisoners

10 Page 217 Governor Lyttleton on the request of Atta-Kulla-Kulla released Oconostota, Fiftoe, the chief warrior of Keowee Town, and the head warrior of Estatoe, who the next day surrendered two other Indians to be held as substitutes Although it has been generally said that there were twenty-two hostages, only twenty-one seem to have been detained, and it is therefore possible that Oconostota was liberated without exchange, on account of his position and influence in the tribe, being always known as the ”Great Warrior” The naes detained are as follows: Chenohe, Ousanatanah, Tallichama, Tallitahe, Quarrasatahe, Connasaratah, Kataetoi, Otassite of Watogo, Ousanoletah of Jore, Kataletah of Cowetche, Chisquatalone, Skiagusta of Sticoe, Tanaesto, Wohatche, Wyejah, Oucachistanah, Nicolche, Tony, Toatiahoi, Shallisloske, and Chistie

11 Page 236 Bancroft says this detached force cohlanders and six hundred Royal Ahlanders Other historians add to this nurenadiers Hewatt, rites al in 1779, and as a resident of Charlestohere the force landed and whence it departed, states that it consisted of a battalion of Highlanders and four companies of the Royal Scots, and it was there joined by a company of South Carolina Volunteers He further omery's return to New York he left four coent request of the governor and assembly, to aid the defense of the Carolina frontier, and that these were of the royal regiment under the co one of the oldest and anizations, has the peculiar clai been the body-guard of King Louis XI of France, the renowned Scottish Archers, it must surely bear on the ancient and illustrious rolls the ever-cherished name of Quentin Durward, for are we not told that the venerable couard, Lord Crawford, entered it there himself? And if it is not now to be seen, why--so much the worse for the ancient and illustrious rolls!

12 Page 261 The personal vanity of the Cherokees was so great that after discovering the functions of a mirror the men were never without one Even in theirover one shoulder and consulted it from time to ti them, those whose appearance had suffered froureh suicides were buried without the highly esteee 366 The temperament of Atta-Kulla-Kulla seems far more complex than the simple traits attributed usually to untrained character Apart froe, and a sort of natural eloquence which he shared with his tribe, the close discernnanimity, his capacity to receive and assiest a versatile mind, and he also possessed a caustic wit to which he ont to give rein touching the oft-broken proovernors of South Carolina, from whom it is related he had received reeable to the old beloved speech” He kept theularly piled in a bundle in the order in which he had received them, and often showed them ”'The first,' he used to say, 'contained a _little_ truth,' and he would devise fantastic excuses for the failure of the rest of it, urging the governor's perplexing rush of official business which had occasioned hi pro black marks of this one'--and he would descant minutely on every circumstance of it” His patience, he would declare, was exhausted, and he felt that the letters were ”nothing but an heap of broad black papers and ought to be burnt in the old year's fire” The old year's fire was a sy kindled with great cerehe, or prophets, ”e 386 It is pleasant to know that this strong friendshi+p suffered no diminution by reason of time and distance Bartram relates that when he traveled in the Cherokee country in 1773 he hts a company of Indians all well mounted on horses ”I observed a chief at the head of the caravan, and as they came up I turned off from the path to make way in token of respect, which conaniracious and cheerful s his hand on his breast offered it to , 'I am Ata-Cul-Culla,' and heartily shook hands with ood spirit who goes before reat Ata-Cul-Culla'” The chief then asked him if he came direct from Charlestown, and if his friend John Stuart ell Mr Bartrareat pleasure to reply that he had seen John Stuart very recently, and that he ell

15 Page 386 French ereat able Louis Latinac struck a hatchet into a log, crying out, ”Who will take up this for the king of France?” Saloue, the young warrior of Estatoe, instantly laid hold of it, exclai, ”I am for war!” And in indorsement of this compact many tomahaere brandished, already red with British blood