Part 7 (1/2)

[59] See Plate 6 in the acco atlas, our volu to Duke Bernard, _Travels through North A the Years 1825-26_ (2 vols, Philadelphia, 1828)

For a short statee Rapp and his enterprises, see Hulme's _Journal_, in our volume x, pp 50 and 54, notes 22 and 25 respectively

Economy, an Ohio River town, in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, seventeen , was settled by the Harmonites in 1825

The property of the community is now quite valuable, but in 1902 the ed and new members have not been solicited, and the property is now in the hands of a single trustee--ED

CHAPTER VII

JOURNEY FROM PITTSBURG TO NEW HARMONY, ON THE WABASH, FROM 8TH TO 19TH OCTOBER, 1832

Cannonsburg--Wheeling--Eum River--Indian Antiquities--Flat-boats--Gallipolis--Ports Miami River, which forms the boundary between Ohio and Indiana--Louisville, on the Falls of the Ohio--Horse-races--Embarkation in the Waterwitch Stea--Journey by Land to New Harmony

The Ohio, called by the French _La Belle Riviere_, was at this tiated by steao by land to Wheeling,[61] a distance of fifty-sevenleave of Dr Saynisch, who returned to Bethlehem, we crossed the Ohio, near the town, in a well contrived ferry, the wheels of which were ood horses, along the path of the reat part of which was, however, ruined and cleared

The foliage was adorned with the most beautiful varied tints of autuuishes North America, at this season, fro, or the transition from the rainy to the dry season, that adorns the forest with the most beautiful diversity of tints, which, however, are chiefly produced by the flowers, which frequently appear before the leaves North A trees; e, which assureat a variety of colours

On the next eminence, the road leaves the river, and turns to the south-west Strata of coal appear in so the earth above therants, most of them in their peasant's dress, with faces burnt by the sun, and carrying their children The country consists of high hills and forests, and we frequently saw the robinia, pseud-acacia, which is partly planted for the sake of its ti 65]

clover, and corn, which was now in the ear A great deal of fruit is cultivated here, and the farhtly built of wood, with the chier of fire As the sun shone with intense heat, the birds were all life, twittering on the high trees, where the loquacious blackbirds flew about in co a beautiful ave us much pleasure, and we reached Chattier or shi+rtee Creek, which, after nu We proceeded along its valley, where colossal planes and elms, as well as robinia and s, afforded a welcoes before we reached Cannonsburg, eighteen ed horses, and, as usual in all such places in the United States, were gazed at by the curious and the idle There is a college here for young divinity students We now traversed the valley of the Chattier Creek, where the plane trees were very lofty and spreading They were covered with their round fruit, froiven the tree the naton,[62] a village, beyond which the country presented an alternation of forests and fields, where stumps of trees showed that the whole country east of the Mississippi was a primeval forest We found an arandifolia_), with its colossal leaves, was not uncommon, and the -leaved oak (_Quercus phellos_), was likewise in great abundance, the foliage of which resembles our white , but the bark and fruit are exactly like those of the oak

After passing a village called Alexandria, or more properly Alexander we reached the boundary of the state of Pennsylvania, and entered Virginia, which last state has a narrow strip of land on the eastern bank of the Ohio The land here is said to be fruitful, and very well cultivated, though we did not i Creek, through which we drove We saw nuht for sale fro of cattle is very extensive Many of these oxen had uncoe horns, others none at all It was a beautifule passed the Mean Creek, which joins that above- Creek At this place, not far from the road-side, there is a pillar erected in honour of Mr Henry Clay, who had been very instruht prevented our taking a view of it Fro, and the Ohio sparkling in the light of the moon, and then took up our quarters at an inn at that place Wheeling is a rapidly i 5,200 inhabitants, where at this tie of the mountain, on the bank of the Ohio On the summit there is not much more than one broad, unpaved street, with footpaths of bricks: shops of all kinds were already opened The Ohio at this place is about as broad as the Moselle near its h wooded roith _Datura_ Two [pg 66] steam-boats were expected on the 9th of October, and at noon we embarked on board the Nile, a se size cannot coe or lower cabin had sixteen beds, the upper cabin being appropriated to the women The river was, at this tih, consisted of yellowish red clay and strata of sand

The traces of the great inundation of the preceding spring were everywhere visible in uprooted trees, thrown one over the other The water at that ti; whereas it was now so low, that our boat was obliged to stop for the night Early on the following , however, the 10th of October, we passed Elizabeth Town On the banks of the river lay pirogues, composed of the trunk of a tree hollowed out, like those in Brazil, and small habitations were scattered in the lofty and picturesque forests A little field of s, and the recently felled trees indicated that it was a new settleeneral, rounded, steep, wooded hills, separated by valleys or ravines In many places stacks of ere piled up for the steam-boats, and soht bank, at the ht houses, which was not yetCreek, which falls into the Ohio,the white-headed eagle soaring in the air, while the kingfishers flew about the banks, and the note of the black crow sounded in the tall forests Near the village of Sistersville, on the right bank, in the state of Ohio, the sand-banks in the river were covered with the yellow blossoms of souish; but it was an autumnal flower, and the wind re quantities of leaves fro the surface of the water with theay tints of the forest appeared more lovely than ever; colossal planes, maples, tulip trees, beeches, elreat height, and beneath their shadees, or planks, thrown picturesquely across the little brooks The trunks of the trees, covered with the _Hedera quinquefolia_, which made them look like scarlet colue, char the Ohio, Mississippi, and Lower Missouri, the papaw tree (_Asi a sreat quantities were brought on board our steae, srows isolated, but it does not attain a greater height than between twenty and thirty feet The fruit has a pleasant taste, but the sreeable

It contains a whitish, juicy pulp, and twelve thick black kernels

A heavy fall of rain was very welco so low that our boat frequently grounded At a narrow part of the river we cae of Newark, and then to the um River, at the town of Marietta, which was founded in 1788[64] This [pg 67] place is ss, some of which looked like churches We have read much about the ancient Indian reum Smith Barton, Attwater, Schultz, and especially Warden,[65]

have written on this highly interesting subject, and given ground plans of the Indian ramparts, which are met with at , Chillicothe, as well as in all the States west of the Alleghanys, and respecting which Warden has collected everything that is known; butremains have been entirely annihilated by the love of devastation, or the negligence of the new settlers Thus Marietta is built just on the fore part of the Indian works, and er to be seen It is overnment of the United States suffers all this to be done without any atteh continues fro since past, the only historical round plan of the ramparts near Marietta, as Smith Barton and Warden did more recently; and Mr Thomas Say made a sketch of thereat part of thehed over

Froum, and then to Vienna Island; opposite to which, on the left bank, lies the village of Vienna Shich had long since left Pennsylvania, were still flying about here We everywhere heard accounts of the great flood in the Ohio, when the steam-boats were on a level with the second story of the houses in Marietta

We saw tall forest trees, a the thick branches of which the river had deposited beae on the southern side, the little Kenhava River issues froh bank opposite Belpie, a settlement of a few houses[67] A steam-boat, which had been entirely crushed by the ice, proved how violent the effects of the breaking up of the ice in the Ohio soht bank, which was necessary, on account of the unfavourable weather; the rain being so heavy, that it drenched the upper row of beds in the large cabin

On the 11th October the weather was fairer, but very cool The appearance of the bank was the same as before--an unbroken, thick forest, with here and there some little settle River, which comes from the state of Ohio Ducks, particularly teal, flew past us, and we observed, also, ht Near Shade Creek, the banks of the river consisted of stratified, rocky walls, which appeared to be Grauwacke slate;[68] we observed, in the forest, trees of remarkable fore of the five-leaved ivy, were particularly beautiful We frequentlythe banks [pg 68] of the Ohio, fro, and are sent with the produce of the country to New Orleans These boats are large four-cornered chests, composed of beams and planks, are often heavily laden, drawneither masts nor sails, proceed very slowly They are propelled with large oars, and can only go down the river; they are e to New Orleans, and the rowers are coes, and often e Many of these boats are wrecked, and they are, therefore, frequently insured; at New Orleans they are sold for lumber

The woods in the valley of the Ohio are hany Mountains; vines twine round the trees, and present a faint ifisher was coht, and in some places the sandpiper was seen upon the bank In the vicinity of the houses were cattle, horses, swine, large sheep, and nueese and ducks; here, too, the papaw tree was sometimes planted in rows The river increased in breadth, but not in depth, of which we had the proof before us, for a flat boat had run aground, and the people stood in the water, trying to get it afloat

In this part of the country there are, in the state of Ohio, many Swiss colonists, who are much commended for their industry The soil is extres of these people are s-houses, exactly like the huts in Switzerland

Towards noon, before we reached Point Pleasant, , in many places on the Ohio, considerable coal-pits, the sulphureous smell of which was perceptible in the stearo children were sitting in groups on the bank, near their extensive plantations of maize These people are free in the state of Ohio After we had passed Point Pleasant, a village on the left bank, where fine forests cover the low bank of the great Kenhava River, which here falls into the Ohio, we reached, in about twenty ht bank, an old French colony, the inhabitants of which still speak the French language[69] Immediately below that town, there is a fine forest of beech trees; on the water-side, thickets of plane, and between them the papaw tree took the place which, in Pennsylvania, is occupied by the _Rhododendron rew in front of the planes

The sun disappeared behind the hills on the bank; the evening sky was clear and serene, and the bright mirror of the Ohio extended unruffled near Racoon Creek, wherelarge flocks of ducks We intended to continue our voyage during the night; but, about nine o'clock, we struck violently on a sand-bank, near the Indian Guyandot River, where there is a s arose, we lay to, six miles below Guyandot[70]

On the 12th of October, in thecovered the river, and the thermometer was, at half-past six o'clock, at 10 Reaumur, above zero We passed the ton, a se in Lawrence County, where our boat struck upon some stones, and was thrown a little on one side On the left bank was Cadetsburg, [pg 69] with Big Sandy Creek, then Hanging Rock, a se, where most of the iron utensils for the whole of Ohio are shi+pped The situation of the place is picturesque, surrounded with forests and rocks On the left, or Kentucky bank, we passed Greenupsburg, a row of seventeen or eighteen sh bank The inhabitants, in order to attract the notice of the vessels that pass by to their public-houses, stores, or shops, have set up posts, with boards painted white, on which their trade, &c, is described in very large letters The beech woods on this part of the river were reht hand was the little Scioto River; we then cae of Portsmouth, at the mouth of the Scioto River, on the Ohio bank, where the celebrated Ohio Canal begins, which connects that river with lake Erie At this place we took on board a nu ere e, beds, and other effects, and ht provisions for sale; one of them had a number of fowls, all of which escaped, and caused no little amusement From this place, fine forests covered the bank, in which were tall poplars (_Populus Angulata_, or _Canadensis_), which I had not before observed Here, too, I noticed soeneral are very rare in this country Most of the summits are round, so we caht bank, which was not htfall, e learned that our vessel had caught fire, but happily it was already extinguished On the bank near the stea, the reflection of which, on the dark forest, had a fine effect, and so had the steahted up inside, and eht

On the 13th, at daybreak, the landscape was obscured by rain We had passed, during the night, Ada, Maysville, and Augusta, and were now off the village of Neville, where the Helen Mar steam-boat lay near us, to take in wood

We then caht bank to New Richmond[72] Near the little Miami River, six miles from Cincinnati, the Ohio was so shallow, thatthe shells at the bottom, and our boat struck several times The Miami River was nearly dry At Columbia, in the state of Ohio, the valley becoain upon the river, and we coreat town of Cincinnati