Part 2 (2/2)

Chiroderma villosum jesupi J. A. Allen, 1900

_Specimens._--_Chinandega_: 6.5 km N, 1 km E Cosiguina, 10 m, 2; 4.5 km N Cosiguina, 15 m, 7; Hda. Bellavista, 720 m, Volcan Casita, 5; San Antonio, 35 m, 2. _Rivas_: 2 km N, 3 km E Merida, 200 m, Isla de Ometepe, 1.

This species has been reported in Middle America from as far north as southern Mexico. It evidently is uncommon in Costa Rica (see Gardner _et al._, 1970:722) and Panama (Handley, 1966b:767). Our material, all collected from mist nets and consisting of 16 specimens from the northwestern department of Chinandega and one from Isla de Ometepe in Lago de Nicaragua, const.i.tutes the first report of this bat from Nicaragua.

Four of five females taken in early March were pregnant; embryos averaged 26.0 (25-29) mm in crown-rump length. Four females taken in July carried embryos 14, 20, 23, and 25 mm in length. Testes of five adult males captured in March and April had an average length of 4.4 (3-7) mm, whereas those of two taken in July were 3 mm in length.

Artibeus toltecus hesperus Davis, 1969

When Davis (1969) named _A. t. hesperus_, he a.s.signed specimens only from as far south as El Salvador to the new subspecies, referring the three Nicaraguan examples of the species at his disposal to the nominal race. On the night of 6-7 April 1968, one of us (Smith) netted bats on the south part of Isla de Ometepe at a place 2 km N and 3 km E Merida, 200 meters in elevation. One net was set across, and another parallel to, a small, boulder-strewn stream; the surrounding area was planted to coffee and had a good canopy of tall deciduous trees. Among the bats captured at this location were 10 _A. toltecus_ that are referable to the subspecies _hesperus_, judging by their small size (Table 2).

Six of our specimens are females and each carried an embryo (range in crown-rump length 20-28 mm). Three adult males had testes 5, 6, and 7 mm in length. External measurements (extremes in parentheses) of our series are: total length, 55.9 (51-60) mm; length of hind foot, 10.7 (10-12) mm; length of ear, 14.8 (14-16) mm; weight of four males, 9.9 (8.8-11.5) gms; weight of six pregnant females, 14.9 (12.7-16.9) gms.

TABLE 2.--Selected measurements of two subspecies of _Artibeus toltecus_ from Nicaragua.

Table Legend:

Col. A: Number of specimens averaged and s.e.x Col. B: Length of forearm Col. C: Greatest length of skull Col. D: Zygomatic breath Col. E: Mastoid breadth Col. F: Length of maxillary toothrow

============================================================ A B C D E F ------------------------------------------------------------ _Artibeus toltecus toltecus_, Departamento de Matagalpa

Average 6 40.3 20.3 12.1 10.7 6.6 (3[Male], 3[Female]) Minimum 38.8 19.8 11.8 10.5 6.5 Maximum 41.5 20.5 12.5 10.9 6.8

_Artibeus toltecus hesperus_, Isla de Ometepe, Rivas

Average 10 38.0 19.4 11.5 10.2 6.3 (4[Male], 6[Female]) Minimum 37.0 18.8 11.2 9.8 6.1 Maximum 39.7 19.8 11.8 10.5 6.5 ------------------------------------------------------------

Artibeus toltecus toltecus (Saussure, 1860)

_Specimens._--_Matagalpa_: Santa Maria de Ostuma, 1250 m, 5; 2 km N, 6 km E Esquipulas, 960 m, 1.

This bat has been reported from Nicaragua previously by Andersen (1908:300) and Davis (1969:28), based on a total of four specimens. We netted this species at Santa Maria de Ostuma in patches of cloud forest at a cafetal. The specimen from near Esquipulas was taken in a net placed across a trail in second growth forest. Two females collected on 11 April and one taken on 30 June were pregnant (embryos 21, 26, and 12 mm, respectively, in crown-rump length). Testes of a male netted on 14 March were 7 mm in length, whereas those of two obtained on 11 April measured 4 and 7 mm. Selected measurements of our six specimens are given in Table 2.

Artibeus watsoni Thomas, 1901

_Specimens._--_Chontales_: 1 km N, 1.5 km W Villa Somoza, 330 m, 3.

_Nueva Segovia_: 7 km N, 4 km E Jalapa, 600 m, 1. _Zelaya_: Bonanza, 850 ft, 6; S side Rio Mico, El Recreo, 25 m, 6; Cara de Mono, 50 m, 1.

Davis (1970a:393-394) recently reviewed the systematic status of this small fruit-eating bat and recorded specimens from southeastern Nicaragua; the species was first reported from the country by Andersen (1908:290), based on a specimen from the Escondido River. Our additional material reveals that _A. watsoni_ occurs throughout eastern Nicaragua, the specimen from Nueva Segovia extending the known range as mapped by Davis (_loc. cit._).

A female from Bonanza (23 February) carried an embryo 14 mm in crown-rump length, whereas one from El Recreo (26 February) was not reproductively active; one of two females netted near Villa Somoza in early August was pregnant (embryo 21 mm in crown-rump length). Seven adult males collected in late February and early March had an average testicular length of 5.9 (5-7) mm; testes of two adults taken in late June and one captured in early August all measured 5 mm. The testes of young males (grayish pelage, partially unfused phalangeal epiphyses) were 2 or 3 mm in length.

Centurio senex senex Gray, 1842

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