Part 47 (1/2)

In Baltimore, the Congress for Racial Equality: USNWR, July 25, 1966; Adam Cohen and Elizabeth Taylor, USNWR, July 25, 1966; Adam Cohen and Elizabeth Taylor, American Pharaoh: Mayor Richard J. Daley: His Battle for Chicago and the Nation American Pharaoh: Mayor Richard J. Daley: His Battle for Chicago and the Nation (Boston: Little, Brown, 2000), 380; LAT, July 3 and 5, 1966; ”CORE Will Insist on Black Power,” NYT, July 5, 1966. (Boston: Little, Brown, 2000), 380; LAT, July 3 and 5, 1966; ”CORE Will Insist on Black Power,” NYT, July 5, 1966. The next week the worst prison: The next week the worst prison: ”1,000 Prison Inmates Riot in Baltimore,” LAT, July 9, 1966. ”1,000 Prison Inmates Riot in Baltimore,” LAT, July 9, 1966. The NAACP met: The NAACP met: ”NAACP President Condemns Moves for 'Black Power,'” LAT, July 6, 1966. ”NAACP President Condemns Moves for 'Black Power,'” LAT, July 6, 1966.

The New York Times New York Times had predicted: had predicted: ”Brown and Reagan Both Seek Votes from the Other's Party,” NYT, July 3, 1966. ”Brown and Reagan Both Seek Votes from the Other's Party,” NYT, July 3, 1966. A thousand antiwar picketers: A thousand antiwar picketers: Bill Boyarsky, Bill Boyarsky, The Rise of Ronald Reagan The Rise of Ronald Reagan (New York: Random House, 1968), 125. (New York: Random House, 1968), 125.

Nebraska's Democratic governor: USNWR, July 18, 1966. USNWR, July 18, 1966. Then he toured Omaha's: Then he toured Omaha's: ”Gov. Morrison of Nebraska Flies to Omaha from Coast Parley to Seek to Stem Racial Unrest,” July 6, 1966. ”Gov. Morrison of Nebraska Flies to Omaha from Coast Parley to Seek to Stem Racial Unrest,” July 6, 1966.

RFK and LBJ poll numbers: ”Johnson, Kennedy Preferred over Three GOP Candidates,” LAT, July 7, 1966.

”Mr. President, regarding racial”: PPP 320, July 5, 1966. PPP 320, July 5, 1966.

”When we view the ma.s.ses”: ”Black Power Prophet; Stokely Carmichael,” NYT, August 5, 1966. n.i.g.g.e.rhead Mountain: ”Vermont Mountain to Retain Its Name,” NYT, July 6, 1966. ”Black Power Prophet; Stokely Carmichael,” NYT, August 5, 1966. n.i.g.g.e.rhead Mountain: ”Vermont Mountain to Retain Its Name,” NYT, July 6, 1966.

”Shots from one or two cars”: ”Two Sacramento Negroes Shot Dead,” July 6, 1966. ”Two Sacramento Negroes Shot Dead,” July 6, 1966. Page one was monopolized: Page one was monopolized: ”Antiriot Bill; a.s.sembly Approves Measure,” LAT, July 6, 1966; see also ”Antiriot Bill; a.s.sembly Approves Measure,” LAT, July 6, 1966; see also L.A. Sentinel, L.A. Sentinel, June 30, 1966, in which Mayor Yorty warns of ”urban guerilla warfare this summer.” June 30, 1966, in which Mayor Yorty warns of ”urban guerilla warfare this summer.”

The Fort Hood Three were abducted: Lembcke, Lembcke, Spitting Image, Spitting Image, 35. 35. U.S combat deaths: U.S combat deaths: ”U.S. Combat Deaths in Vietnam Hit 4,129,” LAT, July 8, 1966. ”U.S. Combat Deaths in Vietnam Hit 4,129,” LAT, July 8, 1966. ”We're going to have to take”: ”We're going to have to take”: Robert Dallek, Robert Dallek, Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 19611973 Flawed Giant: Lyndon Johnson and His Times, 19611973 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 312. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 312.

So married black couples: Cohen and Taylor, Cohen and Taylor, American Pharaoh, American Pharaoh, 392. 392.

For history of race and Chicago housing see Arnold R. Hirsch, Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 19401960 Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 19401960 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998), and Dominic A. Pacyga, ed., (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998), and Dominic A. Pacyga, ed., The Chicago Bungalow The Chicago Bungalow (Chicago: Arcadia Publis.h.i.+ng, 2003). (Chicago: Arcadia Publis.h.i.+ng, 2003).

Letters to Paul Douglas: From James F. Nelson, June 16, 1966, and G. Dapuhnais, June 1966, in PDP722.

On July 10, Martin Luther King: Allen J. Matusow, Allen J. Matusow, The Unraveling of America: A History of Liberalism in the 1960s The Unraveling of America: A History of Liberalism in the 1960s (New York: HarperCollins, 1984), 203; Cohen and Taylor, (New York: HarperCollins, 1984), 203; Cohen and Taylor, American Pharaoh, American Pharaoh, 382; Roger Biles, 382; Roger Biles, Richard J. Daley: Politics, Race, and the Governing of Chicago Richard J. Daley: Politics, Race, and the Governing of Chicago (De Kalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1995), 123. (De Kalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1995), 123. ”They have no programs”: ”They have no programs”: Mike Royko, Mike Royko, Boss: Richard J. Daley of Chicago Boss: Richard J. Daley of Chicago (New York: New American Library, 1971), 153. (New York: New American Library, 1971), 153.

Chicago riot generally: Nicholas Lemann, The Promised Land: The Great Black Migration and How It Changed America The Promised Land: The Great Black Migration and How It Changed America (New York: Vintage, 1992), 238; ”City Takes Steps to Avert Rioting,” NYT, July 15, 1966; USNWR, July 25, 1966; Cohen and Taylor, (New York: Vintage, 1992), 238; ”City Takes Steps to Avert Rioting,” NYT, July 15, 1966; USNWR, July 25, 1966; Cohen and Taylor, American Pharaoh, American Pharaoh, 387; Garrow, 387; Garrow, Bearing the Cross, Bearing the Cross, 493 (for Mahalia Jackson story). 493 (for Mahalia Jackson story).

”Youths crashed through”: ”900 Policemen Sent into Trouble Area of Chicago,” WP, July 14, 1966. ”900 Policemen Sent into Trouble Area of Chicago,” WP, July 14, 1966. ”Hundreds of persons were hurling”: Was.h.i.+ngton Star, ”Hundreds of persons were hurling”: Was.h.i.+ngton Star, July 15, 1966. July 15, 1966. ”A policeman, Donald Ingraham”: ”A policeman, Donald Ingraham”: ”Chicago Negro Snipers, Police Trade Gunfire,” WP, July 15, 1966. ”Chicago Negro Snipers, Police Trade Gunfire,” WP, July 15, 1966.

The Chicago Tribune Chicago Tribune connected: connected: ”Murder in Multiple,” WP, July 15, 1966. ”Murder in Multiple,” WP, July 15, 1966. ”Last night there was a show”: ”Last night there was a show”: M. R. Rosen to Douglas, PDP722. M. R. Rosen to Douglas, PDP722.

”I think you can't charge it”: Royko, Royko, Boss, Boss, 153. 153.

There were smaller riots: USNWR, July 25, 1966. USNWR, July 25, 1966. Its chairman, Howard: Its chairman, Howard: USNWR, August 8, 1966; USNWR, August 8, 1966; Congressional Record Congressional Record 112, pt. 13, 16,834 and 16,837. 112, pt. 13, 16,834 and 16,837.

He also charged to his feet: Ibid. Ibid.

On July 18 Evans and Novak: ”Inside Report: Watts in Cement,” WP, July 18, 1966. ”Inside Report: Watts in Cement,” WP, July 18, 1966.

That night, in Cleveland: Walter Johnson, ”The Night They Burned Old Hough,” Cleveland Neighborhoods on the Web, mittee of the Judiciary, United States Senate, Second Session, on S. 329 Civil Rights: Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Judiciary, United States Senate, Second Session, on S. 329 (Was.h.i.+ngton, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1966), July 19 testimony. (Was.h.i.+ngton, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1966), July 19 testimony.

The next day a roller-skating: ”Negro Boy, 11, Shot to Death in Brooklyn,” CT, July 22, 1966. ”Negro Boy, 11, Shot to Death in Brooklyn,” CT, July 22, 1966. Mayor Lindsay traveled to East New York: Mayor Lindsay traveled to East New York: USNWR, August 1, 1966; Jacoby, USNWR, August 1, 1966; Jacoby, Someone Else's House, Someone Else's House, 96; Vincent J. Cannato, 96; Vincent J. Cannato, The Ungovernable City: John Lindsay and the Battle to Save New York The Ungovernable City: John Lindsay and the Battle to Save New York (New York: Basic Books, 2003), 12025. (New York: Basic Books, 2003), 12025.

At the Sherman House Hotel: Chicago's American, July 22, 1966. July 22, 1966. In an ornate reception room: In an ornate reception room: Cannato, Cannato, Ungovernable City, Ungovernable City, 12425. 12425. A nightclub in the Bohemian: Chicago's American, A nightclub in the Bohemian: Chicago's American, July 23, 1966. July 23, 1966. In Cleveland, white vigilantes: In Cleveland, white vigilantes: ”Rioting in Cleveland Follows Watts Script,” LAT, July 31, 1966. ”Rioting in Cleveland Follows Watts Script,” LAT, July 31, 1966.

Miranda v. State of Arizona dissents: Patterson, dissents: Patterson, Grand Expectations, Grand Expectations, 631. Truman Capote testimony: 631. Truman Capote testimony: Chicago Sun-Times, Chicago Sun-Times, July 22, 1966. July 22, 1966. ”I was distressed a few days ago”: ”I was distressed a few days ago”: USNWR, August 8, 1966. USNWR, August 8, 1966.

”The housing program is too small”: ”A Time for Candor,” WSJ, July 27, 1966. ”A Time for Candor,” WSJ, July 27, 1966.

A Cuyahoga County grand jury: USNWR, August 22, 1966. North Amityville mob: ”Police Attacked in Suburban L.I.,” NYT, July 29, 1966. USNWR, August 22, 1966. North Amityville mob: ”Police Attacked in Suburban L.I.,” NYT, July 29, 1966.

”They didn't need any Communists”: ”Cleveland Study of Riot Deplored,” NYT, August 11, 1966. U.S. Commission on Civil Rights hearings: United States Commission on Civil Rights, ”Cleveland Study of Riot Deplored,” NYT, August 11, 1966. U.S. Commission on Civil Rights hearings: United States Commission on Civil Rights, Hearings Before the United States Commission on Civil Rights: Hearing Held in Cleveland, Ohio, April 17, 1966 Hearings Before the United States Commission on Civil Rights: Hearing Held in Cleveland, Ohio, April 17, 1966 (Was.h.i.+ngton, DC: The Commission, 1966). (Was.h.i.+ngton, DC: The Commission, 1966).

Frank LauscheStephen Young debate: Congressional Record Congressional Record 112, pt. 13, 17,41011. 112, pt. 13, 17,41011.

Senator Lausche keynoted: ”Racial Riots Planned, Lausche Says; Fears Harm to Negro Rights Movement,” CT, July 28, 1966. ”Racial Riots Planned, Lausche Says; Fears Harm to Negro Rights Movement,” CT, July 28, 1966.

”We've reached a point”: USNWR, August 15, 1966. U.S. News USNWR, August 15, 1966. U.S. News set their readers: set their readers: USNWR, August 22, 1966. USNWR, August 22, 1966.

A chaplain of the Maryland: Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Const.i.tutional Rights, Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Const.i.tutional Rights, Civil Rights: Hearings Before a Subcommittee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-ninth Congress, Second Session, on S. 3296, Civil Rights: Hearings Before a Subcommittee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Eighty-ninth Congress, Second Session, on S. 3296, July 20 testimony. July 20 testimony. He begged Senate Appropriations chair: He begged Senate Appropriations chair: ”Inside Report: LBJ and the Cities,” WP, August 10, 1966. ”Inside Report: LBJ and the Cities,” WP, August 10, 1966.

”Ronald Reagan, Extremist Collaborator”: Totton J. Anderson and Eugene C. Lee, ”The 1966 Election in California,” Totton J. Anderson and Eugene C. Lee, ”The 1966 Election in California,” Western Political Quarterly Western Political Quarterly 20 (June 1967); Joseph Lewis, 20 (June 1967); Joseph Lewis, What Makes Reagan Run?: A Political Profile What Makes Reagan Run?: A Political Profile (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968), 129. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968), 129. Reagan had long ago: Reagan had long ago: See, for example, ”Reagan Enters Gubernatorial Race in California,” NYT, January 5, 1966. See, for example, ”Reagan Enters Gubernatorial Race in California,” NYT, January 5, 1966. ”The Bircher isn't identifiable”: ”The Bircher isn't identifiable”: Lewis, Lewis, What Makes Reagan Run?, What Makes Reagan Run?, 132. 132.

Brown opened his general-election: Boyarsky, Boyarsky, Rise of Ronald Reagan, Rise of Ronald Reagan, 124; ”Brown Tells Goals as He Opens Drive,” LAT, September 6, 1966. 124; ”Brown Tells Goals as He Opens Drive,” LAT, September 6, 1966. ”In Paris they no longer”: ”In Paris they no longer”: ”Reagan Wooing the Farm Voters,” NYT, September 16, 1966. ”Reagan Wooing the Farm Voters,” NYT, September 16, 1966.

Brown spoke at the Los Angeles: ”Inside Report: The Anti-Welfare State,” WP, September 22, 1966. ”Inside Report: The Anti-Welfare State,” WP, September 22, 1966.

”Working men and women”: Boyarsky, Boyarsky, Rise of Ronald Reagan, Rise of Ronald Reagan, 139. 139. If California's welfare system: If California's welfare system: James Q. Wilson, ”A Guide to Reagan Country: The Political Culture of Southern California,” James Q. Wilson, ”A Guide to Reagan Country: The Political Culture of Southern California,” Commentary, Commentary, May 1967. May 1967. Women told him they: Women told him they: ”Atlantic Report: California,” ”Atlantic Report: California,” Atlantic Monthly, Atlantic Monthly, August 1966. August 1966. He remembered, too: He remembered, too: Ibid. Ibid. ”The $5 you saved”: ”The $5 you saved”: ”Reagan Handles His Role as a Political Amateur like an Old Pro,” NYT, October 2, 1966. ”Reagan Handles His Role as a Political Amateur like an Old Pro,” NYT, October 2, 1966. The The Los Angeles Times Los Angeles Times did an investigation: did an investigation: ”Realism Needed in Welfare Criticism,” LAT, March 7, 1966. ”Realism Needed in Welfare Criticism,” LAT, March 7, 1966.

In the agricultural San Joaquin: ”Reagan Wooing the Farm Voters,” NYT. ”Reagan Wooing the Farm Voters,” NYT.

”Able-bodied men”: ”Inside Report: The Anti-Welfare State,” WP. ”Inside Report: The Anti-Welfare State,” WP.

The a.s.sociated Press was reporting: ”GOP Leaders Give Nixon an Edge for 1968,” NYT, September 16, 1966. ”GOP Leaders Give Nixon an Edge for 1968,” NYT, September 16, 1966.

Richard Nixon pa.s.sed through Los Angeles: ”Nixon Sees Big G.O.P. Victory,” LAT, June 24, 1966. ”Nixon Sees Big G.O.P. Victory,” LAT, June 24, 1966. Then came the more important: Then came the more important: Stephen Ambrose, Stephen Ambrose, Nixon, Vol. 2: The Triumph of a Politician, 19621972 Nixon, Vol. 2: The Triumph of a Politician, 19621972 (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), 83; Maurice Stans, (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), 83; Maurice Stans, The Terrors of Justice: The Untold Side of Watergate The Terrors of Justice: The Untold Side of Watergate (Was.h.i.+ngton: Bra.s.sey's, 1995), 130. (Was.h.i.+ngton: Bra.s.sey's, 1995), 130. The airplane problem had been: The airplane problem had been: Ibid. Ibid.

The Baltimore Sun Baltimore Sun's Jules Witcover: Reporter, August 11, 1966. Detroit: Ibid., 13438. August 11, 1966. Detroit: Ibid., 13438. ”this man never seemed”: ”this man never seemed”: Jules Witcover, Jules Witcover, The Resurrection of Richard Nixon The Resurrection of Richard Nixon (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1970), 132. (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1970), 132.

Perhaps Pat thought of the time: Brodie, Brodie, Richard Nixon, Richard Nixon, 420. 420.

”Happy birthday, Mum”: Mark s.h.i.+elds column, June 15, 2002. Mark s.h.i.+elds column, June 15, 2002.

Don Riegle: Witcover, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, Resurrection of Richard Nixon, 14142. 14142.

Tulsa: Ibid., 14344; USNWR, October 3, 1966.

Atlantic Monthly called Vietnam: Atlantic Monthly, called Vietnam: Atlantic Monthly, September 1966. September 1966. Polls showed 38 percent: Polls showed 38 percent: CWA poll, PDP, Box 1116/Misc Correspondence. CWA poll, PDP, Box 1116/Misc Correspondence. For months, he'd said: For months, he'd said: ”Nixon Says 'Appeas.e.m.e.nt Line' Will Be G.O.P. Target in Vote,” NYT, January 31, 1966; ”Nixon Says G.O.P. Has Good Chance of Winning in '68,” NYT, May 27, 1966. ”Nixon Says 'Appeas.e.m.e.nt Line' Will Be G.O.P. Target in Vote,” NYT, January 31, 1966; ”Nixon Says G.O.P. Has Good Chance of Winning in '68,” NYT, May 27, 1966. By late June, however: By late June, however: ”Nixon Sees Big G.O.P. Issue,” LAT, June 24, 1966. ”Nixon Sees Big G.O.P. Issue,” LAT, June 24, 1966.

In Chicago, on July 29: David Garrow, David Garrow, Chicago 1966: Open Housing Marches, Summit Negotiations, and Operation Breadbasket Chicago 1966: Open Housing Marches, Summit Negotiations, and Operation Breadbasket (Brooklyn: Carlson, 1989); Cohen and Taylor, (Brooklyn: Carlson, 1989); Cohen and Taylor, American Pharaoh, American Pharaoh, 392; interview with Don Rose. 392; interview with Don Rose.

Senator Paul Douglas received: PDP722. PDP722.

Five hundred marchers: Lemann, Lemann, Promised Land, Promised Land, 238; Cohen and Taylor, 238; Cohen and Taylor, American Pharaoh, American Pharaoh, 39394. 39394.

A neighborhood newspaper: Southwest News-Herald, August 4, 1966, PDP722. August 4, 1966, PDP722.

On Tuesday, Pat, Julie: ”Chanel and Cardin Share Spotlight in Paris,” NYT, July 30, 1966. ”Chanel and Cardin Share Spotlight in Paris,” NYT, July 30, 1966. A news brief noted: A news brief noted: ”Nixon to See Pope Today,” NYT, August 1, 1966. ”Nixon to See Pope Today,” NYT, August 1, 1966. ”Former Vice President Nixon met”: ”Former Vice President Nixon met”: ”Nixon Sees Pakistani Chief,” NYT, August 4, 1966. Daley meeting with Bungalow Belt leaders: Royko, ”Nixon Sees Pakistani Chief,” NYT, August 4, 1966. Daley meeting with Bungalow Belt leaders: Royko, Boss, Boss, 155; Cohen and Taylor, 155; Cohen and Taylor, American Pharaoh, American Pharaoh, 39394. 39394.