Part 54 (2/2)

[Footnote 1217: See Gardiner, as cited, iv, 8, for a sample, and in particular pp. 41-43 for the notorious case of Sir Giles Mompesson and the inn licences.]

[Footnote 1218: _Id._ iv, 6, 7.]

[Footnote 1219: _Id._ v, 233.]

[Footnote 1220: _Id._ iv, 125.]

[Footnote 1221: _Id._ vii, 71.]

[Footnote 1222: _Id._ viii, 74, 75.]

[Footnote 1223: Hallam, _Const.i.tutional History_, ii, 11.]

[Footnote 1224: Sir Josiah Child, _New Discourse of Trade_, 4th ed. p.

9.]

[Footnote 1225: _Id._ p. 87.]

[Footnote 1226: Lingard, _Hist. of England_, 6th ed. v, 262.]

[Footnote 1227: _Epistolae Ho-elianae_, ed. 1891, i, 25.]

[Footnote 1228: Child, _New Discourse of Trade_, p. 88. As to the good management of the Dutch in this regard, cp. Howell, as cited above, p.

334.]

[Footnote 1229: Child, whose main concern was to reduce the rate of interest by law, proposed (p. 98) to sell paupers as slaves on the plantations, ”taking security for ... their freedom afterwards.” An antagonist (see pref. p. xi) proposed a law limiting wages.]

[Footnote 1230: Above, p. 434.]

[Footnote 1231: Josiah Tucker, _Essay on Trade_, 4th ed. pp. 46, 105.]

[Footnote 1232: _Id._ pp. 28, 50, 51; Richardson's _Essay on the Decline of the Foreign Trade_ (often attributed to Decker), ed. 1756, pp.

46-64.]

[Footnote 1233: France also, of course, still kept up trade monopolies (Tucker, p. 36).]

[Footnote 1234: The fallacy was indeed soon exposed as such by the more enlightened economists. Thus the French writer Samber, in his _Memoirs of the Dutch Trade_ (Eng. tr. ed. 1719, p. 75), speaks of the French rulers of Colbert's day as having ”entertained a notion that they could carry on trade after a new unheard-of method: they proposed to sell their goods to their neighbours, and buy none of theirs.” But this was none the less the prevailing ideal of the age. Cp. Jansen's _General Maxims of Trade_, 1713, cited by Buckle, i, 217.]

[Footnote 1235: Cp. A. von Brandt, _Beitrage zur Geschichte der franzosischen Handelspolitik_, 1896, pp. 25-28.]

[Footnote 1236: L. Dussieux, _etude biographique sur Colbert_, 1886, ch.

vi, -- 2.]

[Footnote 1237: Cp. Child, _New Discourse_, p. 17; Petty, Essays, p.

205; Tucker, _Essay on Trade_, 4th ed. pp. 45-57. For a general view of the discussion see Schulze-Gavernitz, _Der Grossbetrieb_, 1892, Einleitung.]

[Footnote 1238: As early as 1641 the Manchester woollen industry is noted as flouris.h.i.+ng. Early in the next century it had immensely increased. Schulze-Gavernitz, as cited, pp. 26, 27.]

[Footnote 1239: Mandeville, _Fable of the Bees_, Remarks _Q_ and _Y_.]

<script>